Abstract: A liquid characteristic analyzing apparatus may include a sensor part to bring a sensor surface into contact with the liquid and outputs an electrical signal; a transmission part to convert the electrical signal to an electromagnetic wave signal or a sound wave signal and wirelessly output the electromagnetic wave signal or the sound wave signal; a containing body that exposes the sensor surface, contains the sensor part and the transmission part, and prevents the liquid from intruding into the inside, the containing body arranged in the container and immersed in the liquid; and close contact structures to bring a passing portion for the electromagnetic wave signal or the sound wave signal into substantially close contact with an inner wall of the container. The close contact structures may include a first magnetic part that is provided in the containing body and a second magnetic part that is arranged outside the container.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid analysis apparatus (100), whereby wireless communication is reliably performed without having electromagnetic wave signals attenuated in a liquid, and the characteristics of the liquid can be simply and rapidly analyzed.

Abstract: Measuring equipment, such as a portable pH meter system, can include a plurality of probes for measuring different properties of a sample with each of the probes contacting the sample simultaneously. A reference source line connected to an appropriate reference source can be connected to each probe, while a signal line connected to each probe can provide a measurement signal. A switch assembly is provided for each of the probes in order to isolate the respective probes from each other to prevent any interference when measuring the sample.

Abstract: An improved nitrogen laser includes two oppositely disposed discharge electrodes contained within a resonant chamber that is supplied with a mixture of nitrogen gas and a substantially small amount of electronegative gas. The mixture used within the chamber makes it possible to operate the nitrogen laser at a high voltage output and a higher frequency rate.