Abstract: A method for detecting a non-superconducting transition of a superconducting wire including a substrate, a superconducting layer having a critical temperature of 77 K or more, and a metal stabilization layer includes, adhesively attaching an optical fiber where a plurality of fiber Bragg gratings are formed in a core along a longitudinal direction thereof to the superconducting wire; measuring in advance a Bragg wavelength shift of the fiber Bragg gratings for a temperature variation of the superconducting wire, and determining a relational expression based on the shift for a temperature calculation of the superconducting wire; determining temperature variations of the fiber Bragg gratings before and after the non-superconducting transition of the superconducting wire using the relational expression; and calculating a propagation rate of the non-superconducting transition based on both a time difference of temperature increases of the fiber Bragg gratings, and an interval between each of the fiber Bragg grati

Abstract: Optical pulses are output from a light source to an optical fiber at one selected emission wavelength, a reflection light reflected at a fiber Bragg grating at the optical fiber is received at an optical receiver and is converted to a reflection signal by an optical to electrical conversion, a fiber Bragg grating which reflects the reflection light is identified by the signal processing unit when an intensity of the reflection signal obtained by the optical receiver is over a predetermined threshold value, and a measurement step that calculates acoustic frequencies at the fiber Bragg grating based on a temporal change of the intensity of the reflection signal at the fiber Bragg grating is repeated more than two times while changing an emission wavelength of the light source. The acoustic frequency at each fiber Bragg grating is calculated to determine an acoustic distribution along a longitudinal direction of the fiber.

Abstract: A method for detecting a non-superconducting transition of a superconducting wire including a substrate, a superconducting layer that has a critical temperature of 77 K or more, and a metal stabilization layer, the method includes arranging an optical fiber on the superconducting wire, injecting a measurement light into the optical fiber, measuring an intensity of anti-Stokes Raman scattering light of the measurement light, and detecting an occurrence of a non-superconducting transition in the superconducting wire based on an intensity variation of the anti-Stokes Raman scattering light.

Abstract: The polarization-maintaining fiber of the invention includes a core (1) made of germanium doped silica glass; a stress-applying part (3) made of boron doped silica glass; a cladding (2) made of pure silica glass; and a polyimide coating layer (4) with a thickness of 10 ?m or less that surrounds the outer periphery of the cladding (2).

Abstract: Optical pulses are output from a light source to an optical fiber at one selected emission wavelength, a reflection light reflected at a fiber Bragg grating at the optical fiber is received at an optical receiver and is converted to a reflection signal by an optical to electrical conversion, a fiber Bragg grating which reflects the reflection light is identified by the signal processing unit when an intensity of the reflection signal obtained by the optical receiver is over a predetermined threshold value, and a measurement step that calculates acoustic frequencies at the fiber Bragg grating based on a temporal change of the intensity of the reflection signal at the fiber Bragg grating is repeated more than two times while changing an emission wavelength of the light source. The acoustic frequency at each fiber Bragg grating is calculated to determine an acoustic distribution along a longitudinal direction of the fiber.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an optical fiber grating that includes first and second gratings that configure an optical resonator, the method including: forming the first grating by radiating ultraviolet light to an optical fiber so that a irradiation intensity Z satisfies the following Equation 1: Z?(??S/x+0.04556Y2+1.2225Y)/(0.05625Y2+1.6125Y) . . . Equation 1, where, Z represents an irradiation intensity (mJ/mm2) of the ultraviolet light, ??S represents the maximum shift amount of a reflection center wavelength of the first grating that is allowed as long as reflection wavelengths of the first grating and second grating overlap each other, x represents a shift amount of the reflection center wavelength per temperature change of 1° C. (nm/° C.) in the first grating, and Y represents an intensity (W) of the wave-guided light.

Abstract: The invention relates to nanostructure and its manufacturing method. In the manufacturing method of a nanostructure, first anisotropic crystalline particles, connectors having end to be connected to a specific crystal face of each of said crystalline particles, and second particles to be connected to the other end of each of said connectors are prepared. First ends of the connectors are connected to specific crystal faces of the first crystalline particles, and simultaneously or before or after the connection, the second ends of the connectors are connected to the second particles. A nanostructure formed by this method has a three-dimensional structure which does not have a closest packing structure.

Abstract: A method for recoating a double clad optical fiber having a core, a first cladding layer that surrounds the core, and a coating layer that covers the first cladding layer, in which the coating layer includes a second cladding layer that surrounds the first cladding layer, the method including: a step of removing the coating layer and exposing the first cladding layer; and a step of applying a curable resin on top of the exposed first cladding layer under reduced pressure, followed by curing of the curable resin under normal pressure, thereby forming a recoat layer.

Abstract: The polarization-maintaining fiber of the invention includes a core (1) made of germanium doped silica glass; a stress-applying part (3) made of boron doped silica glass; a cladding (2) made of pure silica glass; and a polyimide coating layer (4) with a thickness of 10 ?m or less that surrounds the outer periphery of the cladding (2).

Abstract: A manufacturing method of an optical communication module for manufacturing the optical communication module, including the sequentially performed steps of: (1) mounting a light-emitting element and a light-receiving element on a side surface of a sub-mount substrate and mounting the sub-mount substrate on a printed circuit board such that the light-emitting and -receiving directions of the light-emitting element and light-receiving element are parallel to the printed circuit board; (2) aligning an optical waveguide; and (3) dropping resin solution on an area of the sub-mount substrate including an optical waveguide end and the light-emitting element or the light-receiving element, and curing the resin solution. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an optical communication module which can be made thin, small and cheap.

Abstract: A computer readable medium storing a program causing a computer to execute a process for electronic payment, the process includes: receiving a job instruction regarding image processing; calculating a fee charged according to content of the received job instruction; execute a process for an electronic payment corresponding to the calculated fee before executing a job which is based on the job instruction; executing the job based on the job instruction after the execution of the process for the electronic payment; and outputting information of a refund when the execution of the job based on the job instruction is interrupted.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of an optical communication module for manufacturing the optical communication module, including the sequentially performed steps of: (1) mounting a light-emitting element and a light-receiving element on a side surface of a sub-mount substrate and mounting the sub-mount substrate on a printed circuit board such that the light-emitting and -receiving directions of the light-emitting element and light-receiving element are parallel to the printed circuit board; (2) aligning an optical waveguide; and (3) dropping resin solution on an area of the sub-mount substrate including an optical waveguide end and the light-emitting element or the light-receiving element, and curing the resin solution. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an optical communication module which can be made thin, small and cheap.

Abstract: A prism structure that includes: a plurality of liquid crystal devices each include a liquid crystal panel and a light emitting-side optical element, and generate an image light through modulation of any of a plurality of color lights in accordance with image information; and a cross dichroic prism that combines the image lights coming from the liquid crystal devices. In the prism structure, each of the liquid crystal devices further includes: a fixture member that is fixed to the cross dichroic prism; a retention member that keeps hold of the liquid crystal panel, and is fixed to the fixture member; and a light emitting-side optical element retention member that keeps hold of the light emitting-side optical element, and is rotation-adjustable about an illumination axis. The light emitting-side optical element retention member is rotation-adjusted about the illumination axis before fixation to the retention member.

Abstract: The invention relates to nanostructure and its manufacturing method. In the manufacturing method of a nanostructure, first anisotropic crystalline particles, connectors having an end to be connected to a specific crystal face of each of said crystalline particles, and second particles to be connected to the other end of each of said connectors are prepared. First ends of the connectors are connected to specific crystal faces of the first crystalline particles, and simultaneously or before or after the connection, the second ends of the connectors are connected to the second particles. A nanostructure formed by this method has a three-dimensional structure which does not have a closest packing structure.

Abstract: A two-constituent photo curable ink set, comprising: an ink composition A that includes a pigment and a polymerizable compound; and an ink composition B that includes a pigment and a polymerizable compound, wherein the ink composition A and the ink composition B are mixed and then photoset by being irradiated with light.

Abstract: There is provided an information processing system including an authentication information receiving section that receives authentication information used for authentication from a user, an authentication information transmitting section that transmits the received authentication information to a first device, an authentication result receiving section that receives a result of the authentication performed by the first device, a first availability determining section that determines whether a second device is available to the user based on the result of the authentication received by the authentication result receiving section, and a second availability determining section that, when the authentication cannot be performed by the first device, obtains a past authentication result, and determines whether the second device is available based on the obtained past authentication result.

Abstract: The invention relates to nanostructure and its manufacturing method. In the manufacturing method of a nanostructure, first anisotropic crystalline particles, connectors having end to be connected to a specific crystal face of each of said crystalline particles, and second particles to be connected to the other end of each of said connectors are prepared. First ends of the connectors are connected to specific crystal faces of the first crystalline particles, and simultaneously or before or after the connection, the second ends of the connectors are connected to the second particles. A nanostructure formed by this method has a three-dimensional structure which does not have a closest packing structure.

Abstract: In case of a “N-up” function, a correcting unit executes a correcting process operation with respect to an image read by an image input unit, a editing unit executes a magnification changing process operation, and thereafter, “N” sheets of images are placed side by side to form a single synthesized image at a time when the processed image is stored into a storage unit 15. When transmitting the synthesized image, an attribute of the image set from a U/I is added to the synthesized image and the control unit transmits the resulting image to an external apparatus. As a result, a reception side can execute an optimum processing operation with respect to the synthesized image with reference to the attribute added to the image. As a consequence, even in a “network copy”, the “N-up” function can be realized in a high image quality similar to that of a “direct copy”.

Abstract: An optical/electrical interconnect board includes a base material composing an electrical circuit; a plurality of light receiving/emitting units, each of the units being constituted by a light emitting element and a light receiving element packaged on the base material; and an optical fiber tape that connects the light emitting element to the light receiving element for each of the light receiving/emitting units, the optical fiber tape being formed by bringing together optical wires for the units in a side-by-side manner and coating with a first coating material.

Abstract: A document processing apparatus for processing an image read from an original document, which includes an electronic tag recording section that records information to an electronic tag, and when processing using the original document having the electronic tag is performed, records a processing history related to the processing into the electronic tag.