Abstract: An exhaust gas purification system having a diesel particulate filter to purify particulate matter in the exhaust gas G from a diesel engine, wherein a an exhaust gas passage prevention structure or the like is installed in portions where particulate matter in the exhaust gas is collected and accumulated easily, and, the temperature raises easily by the oxidation of accumulated particulate matter, in said diesel particulate filter.

Abstract: A brake system comprises an impeller selectively connected to a propeller shaft of a vehicle for consuming energy of the engine and applying a brake force to the propeller shaft, an impeller housing for rotatably housing the impeller and defining an air passage for introducing/discharging external air to/from the impeller, a throttle valve disposed in the air passage upstream of the impeller for adjusting the air flow rate in the air passage, and a negative pressure actuator for moving the throttle valve in accordance with the air flow rate in the air passage. The throttle valve is moved by the negative pressure actuator in accordance with the air flow rate in the air passage. In other words, the brake system adjusts the brake force mechanically by itself in a manner such that an excessive brake force is never applied to the propeller shaft. The brake system does not require a cooling device and only requires a simple arrangement for controlling the brake force.

Abstract: A turbocharger control system controls a turbocharger associated with an engine mounted on a motor vehicle, the turbocharger having a rotary electric machine mounted on the rotatable shaft thereof. When it is determined that the motor vehicle is about to start, the rotary electric machine is operated as an electric motor to effect a flying boost increase before the accelerator pedal is depressed. The boost pressure of the turbocharger is therefore increased to increase the response of acceleration of the motor vehicle to the depression of the accelerator pedal when the motor vehicle is started.

Abstract: A turbocharger with a rotary electric machine has a permanent magnet, nonmagnetized metallic member, or surfaces of different light reflectivities fixed upon a rotatable member of the turbocharger, as a detectable means. The detectable means is disposed in a position corresponding to the angular position of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet rotor of the rotary electric machine. A detecting means is disposed in a position coacting with the detectable means for detecting the angular position of magnetic poles of the permanent magnet rotor. A shield means is provided for preventing the detectable means from being adversely affected by magnetic fields, oil, and dust, so that a detected signal of a high S/N raio can be produced for accurately detecting the angular position of the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet rotor as it rotates.