Abstract: A mining riser pipe is extended from above water toward a water bottom containing water bottom resources, and a lower portion of an insertion pipe connected to a lower portion of the mining riser pipe is inserted into the water bottom. A liquid is supplied into the insertion pipe and a rotation shaft extends axially inside both of pipes is rotated to rotate stirring blades attached to a lower portion of the rotation shaft inside the insertion pipe, thereby drilling and dissolving mud S inside the insertion pipe into a slurry form is raised to an upper portion of the insertion pipe by a stirring flow generated by the rotation of the stirring blades, and the raised mud is lifted above the water through the mining riser pipe by lifting force.

Abstract: An amplitude detection circuit detects the peak value of an output signal of a photo-detector amplified by a head amplifier. The peak value detected by the amplitude detection circuit is read into a drive controller, and compared with a target value suitable for coding in a binary format a detected signal. The gain of a variable gain amplifier is adjusted accordingly. Consequently, an analog signal processing circuit can stably codify the detected signal in a binary format. Under the control of the drive controller, a recording power level calculation circuit determines a test writing power level with which test writing is performed on a test track of a magneto-optical disk. The recording power level calculation circuit then calculates an actual record power for each zone of the magneto-optical disk according to the test writing power level.

Abstract: In a tandem type vacuum booster, the booster comprises a first and a second flange, and the second flange is formed with a first stop projection and a second stop projection, the first stop projection being adapted to abut against a predetermined one of the locking claw to stop the flanges at the assembled position before the locking claws interfere with a positioning means during rotation of the flanges to the assembled position, and the second stop projection permitting passing thereover of a locking claw other than the predetermined locking claw during rotation of the flanges toward the assembled position, but coming into abutment against such other locking claw to resist the rotation of the flanges back to the disassembled position when the flanges have reached the assembled position.

Abstract: As a beam converger, one having reflective surfaces including partial cylindrical curved surfaces and partial plain surfaces, which surround laser rod and pump lamp plane-parallelly and substantially uniformly in the axial direction thereof, is adopted, so as to make a high beam converging property in the case of adoption of an elliptic cylinder moderate. The axes of the pump lamp and/or the laser rod are shifted to positions closer to the partial cylindrical curved surfaces than the center lines of the partial cylindrical curved surfaces, so as to increase energy of light exciting the laser rod by the pump lamp, thus improving the efficiency. A laser system obtained by combining a resonant type laser device comprising two laser rods and one or two pump lamps with a prism having a regular equilateral triangle shape in cross section, highly contributes to the compactness and simplification of the laser system.

Abstract: A tandem-type vacuum booster having a partition plate providing front and rear chambers with a booster piston and diaphragm in each chamber. A piston boss is slidably supported on the partition plate and a connecting cylinder is formed on the front chamber booster piston. A press plate is provided on the piston boss and the rear booster piston and an end plate of the connecting cylinder are coupled to the piston boss by the press plate and a plurality of bolts disposed around the piston boss with the rear booster piston and diaphragm clamped between the press plate and piston boss. The front ends of the bolts are disposed to come closer to the piston boss axis than the rear ends. The bolt heads are also received in recesses provided in the press plate to prevent relative rotation between the bolts and press plate.

Abstract: An assembly of a vacuum booster device and a master cylinder comprising a booster shell composed of front and rear halves and a brake master cylinder body which are together combined by the aid of tie rods extending through the booster shell, and a booster piston accommodated in the shell so that the load on the booster shell is removed, any means for fastening the opposite edge portions of both the shell halves is eliminated and, accordingly, outside diameter of the shell is decreased without lowering its strength. Furthermore, retaining ring fitted in the tie rod effective in preventing the shell from separation enables both the constructing and separating works of the assembly easier.

Abstract: A vacuum type brake booster device comprising a booster shell, a booster piston accommodated in the booster shell, a piston diaphragm working together with the booster piston for dividing the booster shell into both front and rear working chambers, and tie rods extending through the piston and the diaphragm for connection of the front and rear walls of the booster shell. Circumferential positioning devices are arranged between the booster piston and piston diaphragm and between the piston diaphragm and booster shell, respectively, so that the piston can correctly be adapted to the shell. Accordingly, the booster piston can be operated freely from interference of the tie rods. Furthermore, the piston diaphragm can be prevented from unnecessary forces due to the pressure difference between both the working chambers by the aid of thin-wall portions arranged in the piston diaphragm.

Abstract: A vacuum type brake booster device comprising a first and a second working chambers defined in a booster shell by a booster piston, tie rods extending through the booster piston for connection of the front and rear walls of the booster shell so as to support loads on the booster shell, flexible bellows surrounding each of the tie rods and having opposite ends fixed respectively to the tie rod and the booster piston so that the inside of the bellows is communicated to the second working chamber, and an adjustable stop mechanism provided on an input rod for adjusting a retraction limit of the latter, whereby a control valve is held in a neutral position to keep the second working chamber out of communication with the first working chamber and the external atmosphere so that the bellows becomes expansive owing to a pressure difference between the working chambers for getting out of contact with the tie rod and, accordingly, for keeping the movement of the booster piston undisturbed.

Abstract: A vacuum type brake booster device is provided which comprises a booster shell of substantially elliptical shape in transverse cross section, a booster piston of similar shape as the booster shell and accommodated therein for axial reciprocating movement, and a diaphragm secured about the outer periphery thereof to the booster shell and about the inner periphery to the booster piston to divide the interior of the booster shell into a first working chamber in communication with a vacuum source and a second working chamber adapted to be selectively placed in communication with the first working chamber or the atmosphere by a switching valve. The diaphragm is also shaped substantially elliptically in transverse cross section, and includes a pair of opposite straight peripheral wall sections and a pair of opposite arcuate peripheral wall sections interconnecting the straight wall sections; the arcuate wall sections have a wall thickness greater than that of the straight wall sections.

Abstract: A highly durable and light-weighted vacuum type brake booster device including a booster shell, a booster piston axially slidably accommodated in the booster shell to divide the interior thereof into a first chamber communicating with a vacuum source and a second chamber adapted to be placed into selective communication through a control valve with the first chamber and the atmosphere, and an input rod operatively connected with the control valve for operating the latter to generate a pressure differential between the first and second chambers. The front and rear walls of the booster shell are connected with each other by means of tie rod(s) which extend(s) through the booster piston with a deformable seal member disposed therebetween. The booster piston is urged in a retracting direction by a return spring disposed in the first chamber.

Abstract: A vacuum type brake booster device comprising a booster shell, a booster piston accommodated in the booster shell, a piston diaphragm working together with the booster piston for dividing the booster shell into front and rear working chambers, and tie rods extending through the piston and the diaphragm for connection of the front and rear walls of the booster shell. The piston diaphragm is provided with reasonably arranged reinforcing beads integrally formed projected therewith for increasing the tensile rigidity of the diaphragm. Accordingly, the thrust force produced by the pressure difference between both the working chambers can be effectively transmitted from the piston diaphragm to the booster piston.

Abstract: A vacuum type brake booster device comprising a booster shell divided into front and rear halves, a booster piston accommodated in the booster shell, and tie rods extending through the booster piston for connection of the front and rear halves. The tie rod is firmly held upright at a prescribed position on the rear half wall by the combined action of a mounting support on the rear half wall, a stepped tie rod flange, an elastic sealing member disposed in said mounting support between the rear half wall and the stepped flange, a retainer ring inside the mounting support. Accordingly, the tie rod thus firmly secured to the rear half is readily aligned with and pass through a through hole in the front half to expedite the assembly of the front and rear halves and, in addition, use of the elastic sealing member contributes to the simplification of the construction.

Abstract: A vacuum actuated type booster device for assisting master cylinder of automobile braking system. The device has a booster shell, a booster piston reciprocatably received by the booster shell, a diaphragm connected at the inner peripheral portion thereof to the rear side of a disc portion of the booster piston and at the outer peripheral portion thereof to the peripheral wall of the booster shell, a first and a second working chambers defined in the booster shell by the booster piston and diaphragm, a vacuum source with which the first and the second working chambers are normally communicated and an input rod slidably mounted in the booster piston. The second working chamber solely is brought into communication with the atmosphere as the input rod is moved forwardly so that the booster piston is driven forwardly by the pressure differential between the first and the second working chambers.