Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure describe estimating/measuring core-cladding concentricity error in optical fibers. In sharp contrast to the prior art, our inventive method is based on measuring a seemingly unrelated property of fibers called guided acoustic wave Brillouin scattering (GAWBS). As we shall show and describe, by analyzing this GAWBS property we advantageously determine what level of CCCE is exhibited by the optical fiber.

Abstract: An interrupter includes a gas producer, an actuator pin, and an electrical conductor. The electrical conductor includes a first terminal portion, a first separable portion, a second terminal portion, and a second separable portion. The second separable portion is electrically connected to the first separable portion in parallel. A first timing when the first separable portion starts to be cut off from the first terminal portion is earlier than a second timing when the second separable portion starts to be cut off from the second terminal portion.

Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording medium according to which both the thermal stability of the magnetization is good and writing with a magnetic head is easy, and moreover the SNR is improved. In the case of a perpendicular magnetic recording medium comprising a nonmagnetic substrate (1), and at least a nonmagnetic underlayer (2), a magnetic recording layer (3), and a protective layer (4) formed in this order on the nonmagnetic substrate (1), the magnetic recording layer (3) comprises a low Ku region (31) layer having a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy constant (Ku value) of not more than 1×105 erg/cm3, and a high Ku region (32) layer having a Ku value of at least 1×106 erg/cm3. Moreover, the magnetic recording layer (3) is made to have therein nonmagnetic grain boundaries that contain a nonmagnetic oxide and magnetically isolate crystal grains, which are made of a ferromagnetic metal, from one another.

Abstract: There is provided a perpendicular magnetic recording medium according to which both the thermal stability of the magnetization is good and writing with a magnetic head is easy, and moreover the SNR is improved. In the case of a perpendicular magnetic recording medium comprising a nonmagnetic substrate 1, and at least a nonmagnetic underlayer 2, a magnetic recording layer 3 and a protective layer 4 formed in this order on the nonmagnetic substrate 1, the magnetic recording layer 3 comprises a low Ku region 31 layer having a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy constant (Ku value) of not more than 1×105 erg/cm3, and a high Ku region 32 layer having a Ku value of at least 1×106 erg/cm3. Moreover, the magnetic recording layer 3 is made to have therein nonmagnetic grain boundaries that contain a nonmagnetic oxide and magnetically isolate crystal grains, which are made of a ferromagnetic metal, from one another.

Abstract: There is provided a perpendicular magnetic recording medium according to which both the thermal stability of the magnetization is good and writing with a magnetic head is easy, and moreover the SNR is improved. In the case of a perpendicular magnetic recording medium comprising a nonmagnetic substratel, and at least a nonmagnetic underlayer 2, a magnetic recording layer 3 and a protective layer 4 formed in this order on the nonmagnetic substrate 1, the magnetic recording layer 3 comprises a low Ku region 31 layer having a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy constant (Ku value) of not more than 1×105 erg/cm3, and a high Ku region 32 layer having a Ku value of at least 1×106 erg/cm3. Moreover, the magnetic recording layer 3 is made to have therein nonmagnetic grain boundaries that contain a nonmagnetic oxide and magnetically isolate crystal grains, which are made of a ferromagnetic metal, from one another.

Abstract: A speech synthesizer includes a data memory having a plurality of address areas, which stores a plurality of phases in the address areas and an address designating circuit designating one of the address areas based on the phase signal. Further, a speech synthesizer includes a speech synthesizing circuit generating a speech synthesizing signal corresponding to the phase, which is stored in the designated area, a digital/analog converter transforming the speech synthesizing signal to an analog signal having amplitude, and a counter setting a period of silence. Furthermore, a speech synthesizer includes a silence-input circuit being connected between the speech synthesizing circuit and the digital/analog converter, which supplies a predetermined voltage to the digital/analog converter for the period that is set by the counter.

Abstract: The magnetic record/reproduce apparatus for recording and reproducing large amounts of data at ultra-high-speed using a perpendicular magnetic recording mode, comprises: at least a cylinder having a perpendicular magnetic recording layer provided on at least the inner or outer surface thereof; a plurality of magnetic heads arranged to face the perpendicular magnetic recording layer of the cylinder; a rotating means for rotating at least one of the cylinder and the plurality of magnetic heads in relation to the other; a linear driving means for moving at least the cylinder or the plurality of magnetic heads along the axial direction of the cylinder; and a record/reproduce means for recording and/or reproducing data on the perpendicular magnetic recording layer.

Abstract: A suspension system 10 has one or more protrusive seating portions 21L;22L, on which a coil spring 13 is situated, and is formed in a partly circumferential portion of a spring seat 14L supporting the coil spring 13, and a tapered surface 23L for preventing body warp or bending of the coil spring 13 in a circumferential portion of at least one protrusive seating portion 22L.

Abstract: A speech synthesizer includes a data memory having a plurality of address areas, which stores a plurality of phases in the address areas and an address designating circuit designating one of the address areas based on the phase signal. Further, a speech synthesizer includes a speech synthesizing circuit generating a speech synthesizing signal corresponding to the phase, which is stored in the designated area, a digital/analog converter transforming the speech synthesizing signal to an analog signal having amplitude, and a counter setting a period of silence. Furthermore, a speech synthesizer includes a silence-input circuit being connected between the speech synthesizing circuit and the digital/analog converter, which supplies a predetermined voltage to the digital/analog converter for the period that is set by the counter.

Abstract: A thin-film single magnetic pole head which assures highly efficient magnetic energization of a main magnetic pole and which exhibits optimum recording characteristics even in case of recording on a double-layer perpendicular magnetic recording medium with a high frequency. The thin-film single magnetic pole head includes a main magnetic pole consisting of a soft magnetic thin film and a return yoke. A thin-film coil for energizing the main magnetic pole is constituted by a plurality of conductor layers extending substantially parallel to one another and substantially at right angles to the main magnetic pole. The conductor layers are layered together in the up-and-down direction on both sides of the main magnetic pole. A thin-film coil for magnetically energizing the main magnetic pole is constituted by selectively interconnecting the conductors.

Abstract: In the method of producing reduced iron according to the invention, fine iron oxides and powdery solid reductants are mixed, compacted into sheet-like compacts, and charged onto the hearth of a reduction furnace for reduction while maintaining the temperature inside the furnace at not less than 1100° C. As the sheet-like compacts can be obtained by compacting mixture of raw material by use of rollers or the like, processing time is much shorter than the case of pelletization or agglomeration. A drying step is unnecessary since feeds are placed no the hearth via a feeder chute or the like. The method is carried out with ease by use of the facility according to the invention. High quality hot metal can be produced by charging reduced iron in hot condition obtained by the method described as above into a shaft furnace or a in-bath smelting furnace for melting at high thermal efficiency.

Abstract: In the method of producing reduced iron according to the invention, fine iron oxides and powdery solid reductants are mixed, compacted into sheet-like compacts, and charged onto the hearth of a reduction furnace for reduction while maintaining the temperature inside the furnace at not less than 1100.degree. C. As the sheet-like compacts can be obtained by compacting mixture of raw material by use of rollers or the like, processing time is much shorter than the case of pelletization or agglomeration. A drying step is unnecessary since feeds are placed no the hearth via a feeder chute or the like. The method is carried out with ease by use of the facility according to the invention. High quality hot metal can be produced by charging reduced iron in hot condition obtained by the method described as above into a shaft furnace or a in-bath smelting furnace for melting at high thermal efficiency.

Abstract: A magnetic recording and reproducing device using a double-layered magnetic recording medium having a first layer with an anisotropy perpendicular to the medium plane and having a second layer with a lower coercive force than the first layer. A single pole magnetic head is arranged so as to magnetize the recording medium in a direction perpendicular to the recording medium plane.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium suitable for use in a recording system employing a magnetic recording transducer or head of the single-pole type which operates in a perpendicular magnetization mode comprises a non-magnetic base supporting a layer of low coercive force material formed on the base and which underlies a magnetic recording layer. The magnetic recording layer which faces the magnetic recording transducer or head is formed of an alloy composed mainly of chromium and cobalt and has an easy axis of magnetization perpendicular to the surface of the magnetic recording layer, with the thickness of the latter being no greater than 3.0 microns. The low coercive force material layer has a coercive force no greater than 1/5 of the coercive force of the magnetic recording layer, and the thickness of the low coercive force layer is greater than 0.1 microns.