Abstract: A steering angle zero point detection unit 102 detects a zero point of a steering angle of a steering wheel. A zero point history holding unit 104 records a detection history of zero points. A characteristic change determination unit 116 determines whether or not a characteristic change occurs in the steering transmission system based on a width in the detection history of the zero points.

Abstract: A steering torque sensor detects steering torque of a steering wheel. A steering angle sensor detects a steering angle of the steering wheel. An abnormality determining unit determines that a characteristic change is caused in the steering transmission system, when it is determined that the steering torque is smaller than or equal to a predetermined value and when the number of times when a difference between target vehicle behavior that is calculated from the steering angle and actual vehicle behavior is larger than or equal to a reference value is larger than or equal to a predetermined number of times during one steering.

Abstract: Access point pictures designated as randomly accessible positions are I pictures or P pictures. Information indicating the decoding sequence (I1, P1, B1, B2, B3, B4, P2, . . . ) of pictures functioning as access points and attribute information (picture_type) indicating whether a picture functions as an access point or is necessary for decoding of the access point following a given access point are recorded on the video information recording medium. Random access is possible even if the GOP interval is lengthened.

Abstract: A moving image encoder has an image separating unit (1) for generating four separate images (1)-(4) by sampling pixels constituting an input image every two alternate pixels in the horizontal direction and each alternate pixel in the vertical direction. An intraframe predictive coding unit performs intraframe predictive coding of the separate image (1) by using pixels constituting the separate image (1) produced by the image separating unit (1). An inter-separate image predictive coding unit 12 performs inter-separate image predictive coding of the separate images (2)-(4) produced by the image separating unit 1 by using the pixels constituting the separate image (1) produced by the image separating unit (1).

Abstract: Access point pictures designated as randomly accessible positions are I pictures or P pictures. Information indicating the decoding sequence (I1, P1, B1, B2, B3, B4, P2, . . . ) of pictures functioning as access points and attribute information (picture_type) indicating whether a picture functions as an access point or is necessary for decoding of the access point following a given access point are recorded on the video information recording medium. Random access is possible even if the GOP interval is lengthened.

Abstract: An image decoding device and an image decoding method are disclosed. The decoding device includes: a variable length decoder to variable-length-decode an inputted encoded bit stream to obtain a parameter for prediction signal generation, a compressed difference image, and filters; and a filtering processor to carry out a filtering process on a decoded image acquired by adding a prediction image and a difference image, wherein the prediction image is generated by using the parameter for prediction signal generation, and the difference image is acquired by decoding the compressed difference image, wherein the variable length decoder variable-length-decodes class identification information for a block in the decoded image, and wherein the filtering processor refers to the class identification information for the block to determine a class for the block, and carries out a filtering process on the block based on the determined class and the filters.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image encoding device which is constructed in such a way as to include an encoding mode determining unit 4 for evaluating the degree of efficiency of encoding of a difference image A which is the difference between an image of a macroblock to be encoded, and a prediction image A generated by a motion-compensated prediction unit 2 in a motion prediction mode A, and also evaluating the degree of efficiency of encoding of a difference image B which is the difference between the image of the macroblock to be encoded, and a prediction image B generated by the motion-compensated prediction unit 2 in a motion prediction mode B, and for selecting a difference image having a higher degree of encoding efficiency.

Abstract: Access point pictures designated as randomly accessible positions are I pictures or P pictures. Information indicating the decoding sequence (I1, P1, B1, B2, B3, B4, P2, . . . ) of pictures functioning as access points and attribute information (picture_type) indicating whether a picture functions as an access point or is necessary for decoding of the access point following a given access point are recorded on the video information recording medium. Random access is possible even if the GOP interval is lengthened.

Abstract: Access point pictures designated as randomly accessible positions are I pictures or P pictures. Information indicating the decoding sequence (I1, P1, B1, B2, B3, B4, P2, . . . ) of pictures functioning as access points and attribute information (picture_type) indicating whether a picture functions as an access point or is necessary for decoding of the access point following a given access point are recorded on the video information recording medium. Random access is possible even if the GOP interval is lengthened.

Abstract: Access point pictures designated as randomly accessible positions are I pictures or P pictures. Information indicating the decoding sequence (I1, P1, B1, B2, B3, B4, P2, . . . ) of pictures functioning as access points and attribute information (picture_type) indicating whether a picture functions as an access point or is necessary for decoding of the access point following a given access point are recorded on the video information recording medium. Random access is possible even if the GOP interval is lengthened.

Abstract: An intra-scene and inter-scene adaptive coding unit 6 converts an MPEG-2 video bit stream into a slave stream by using both coded data which is included in the coded data about scene video units in a master stream recorded in a data recording unit 2 and for which alternative coded data to be used for prediction reference has not been retrieved by an inter-scene prediction determining unit 5, and coded data retrieved by the inter-scene prediction determining unit 5 for the prediction reference.

Abstract: Access point pictures designated as randomly accessible positions are I pictures or P pictures. Information indicating the decoding sequence (I1, P1, B1, B2, B3, B4, P2, . . . ) of pictures functioning as access points and attribute information (picture_type) indicating whether a picture functions as an access point or is necessary for decoding of the access point following a given access point are recorded on the video information recording medium. Random access is possible even if the GOP interval is lengthened.

Abstract: Access point pictures designated as randomly accessible positions are I pictures or P pictures. Information indicating the decoding sequence (I1, P1, B1, B2, B3, B4, P2, . . . ) of pictures functioning as access points and attribute information (picture_type) indicating whether a picture functions as an access point or is necessary for decoding of the access point following a given access point are recorded on the video information recording medium. Random access is possible even if the GOP interval is lengthened.

Abstract: Access point pictures designated as randomly accessible positions are I pictures or P pictures. Information indicating the decoding sequence (I1, P1, B1, B2, B3, B4, P2, . . . ) of pictures functioning as access points and attribute information (picture_type) indicating whether a picture functions as an access point or is necessary for decoding of the access point following a given access point are recorded on the video information recording medium. Random access is possible even if the GOP interval is lengthened.

Abstract: Access point pictures designated as randomly accessible positions are I pictures or P pictures. Information indicating the decoding sequence (I1, P1, B1, B2, B3, B4, P2, . . . ) of pictures functioning as access points and attribute information (picture_type) indicating whether a picture functions as an access point or is necessary for decoding of the access point following a given access point are recorded on the video information recording medium. Random access is possible even if the GOP interval is lengthened.

Abstract: Access point pictures designated as randomly accessible positions are I pictures or P pictures. Information indicating the decoding sequence (I1, P1, B1, B2, B3, B4, P2, . . . ) of pictures functioning as access points and attribute information (picture_type) indicating whether a picture functions as an access point or is necessary for decoding of the access point following a given access point are recorded on the video information recording medium. Random access is possible even if the GOP interval is lengthened.

Abstract: Zirconia sintered body having similar appearance to natural tooth. On straight line extending in first direction from one end to the other end of zirconia sintered body, when chromaticity (L*, a*, b*) by a L*a*b* colorimetric system of first point positioned in section from the one end to 25% of the whole length is (L1, a1, b1) and chromaticity (L*, a*, b*) by L*a*b* colorimetric system of second point positioned in section from the other end to 25% of whole length is (L2, a2, b2), L1 ranges from 58.0 to 76.0, a1 ranges from ?1.6 to 7.6, b1 ranges from 5.5 to 26.3, L2 ranges from 71.8 to 84.2, a2 ranges from ?2.1 to 1.8, b2 ranges from 1.9 to 16.0, L1<L2, a1>a2, b1>b2, and tendency to increase or decrease chromaticity by the L*a*b* colorimetric system from first point to second point does not change.

Abstract: Provided is a high-strength zirconia sintered body in which the progression of low-temperature degradation is inhibited. The zirconia sintered body contains partially-stabilized zirconia as a matrix phase and contains at least one element from among phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), and bismuth (Bi). The content of the abovementioned element(s) in the zirconia sintered body ranges from 4×10?4 mol to 4×10?2 mol with respect to 1 mol of zirconium(IV) oxide. Preferably, the zirconia sintered body further contains 0.03% to 3% by mass of silicon dioxide.

Abstract: An illuminating device (210) according to an embodiment of the invention included in an image reading apparatus (100) and an image forming apparatus (D) includes light source portions (211a1), (211b1), (211a2) and (211b2), light-guiding members (213a) and (213b) for illuminating an illumination target (G) from an elongated light emitting face (M) that extends in a longitudinal direction (Y), by guiding light from the light source portions, and holding members (216a) and (216b) for holding the light-guiding members. The holding members include holding portions (2161a) and (2161b) for removably holding the light-guiding members, and tilted portions (2162a) and (2162b) that reflect light emitted from the light emitting face (M), the tilted portions extending from a front end on the light emitting face (M) side of the holding portions, obliquely widening with increasing distance from the light-guiding members.

Abstract: An on-vehicle display device includes a first display section provided in an area within a width of a steering wheel of a vehicle viewed from a driver sitting on a driver seat of the vehicle and which displays at least one piece of report information concerning a state of the vehicle, a second display section provided in an area outside the width of the steering wheel viewed from the driver and which displays an image, and a control section which controls displays of the first display section and the second display section respectively. When a piece of report information is displayed on the first display section, the control section controls to display an information image corresponding to the piece of report information on the second display section.