Abstract: A slide member includes a surface layer having a slide surface for a mating member. The surface layer has a plurality of pyramid-shaped projections protruding from a phantom plane thereby defining the slide surface along the phantom plane. The percent area A of the pyramid-shaped projections occupied in the slide surface is in a range of A.gtoreq.50%. The inclination angle .theta. of the pyramid-shaped projection formed by a line passing through its apex and the central portion of its base surface with respect to a reference line perpendicular to the phantom plane is in a range of 0.degree..ltoreq..theta..ltoreq.30.degree..

Abstract: A slide member includes a surface layer having a slide surface for a mating member. The surface layer has a plurality of pyramid-shaped projections protruding from a phantom plane thereby defining the slide surface along the phantom plane. The percent area A of the pyramid-shaped projections occupied in the slide surface is in a range of A.gtoreq.50%. The inclination angle .theta. of the pyramid-shaped projection formed by a line passing through its apex and the central portion of its base surface with respect to a reference line perpendicular to the phantom plane is in a range of 0.degree..ltoreq..theta..ltoreq.30.degree..

Abstract: A slide member includes a surface layer having a slide surface for a mating member. The surface layer has a plurality of pyramid shaped projections protruding from a phantom plane thereby defining the slide surface along the phantom plane. The percent area A of the pyramid-shaped projections occupied in the slide surface is in a range of A.gtoreq.50%. The inclination angle .theta. of the pyramid-shaped projection formed by a line passing through its apex and the central portion of its base surface with respect to a reference line perpendicular to the phantom plane is in a range of 0.degree..ltoreq..theta..ltoreq.30.degree..

Abstract: A slide member includes a surface layer having a slide surface for a mating member. The surface layer has a plurality of pyramid-shaped projections protruding from a phantom plane thereby defining the slide surface along the phantom plane. The percent area A of the pyramid-shaped projections occupied in the slide surface is in a range of A.gtoreq.50%. The inclination angle .theta. of the pyramid-shaped projection formed by a line passing through its apex and the central portion of its base surface with respect to a reference line perpendicular to the phantom plane is in a range of 0.degree..ltoreq..theta..ltoreq.30.degree..

Abstract: A slide member includes a surface layer of a Pb alloy on a slide surface for a mating member, and the crystal form of the Pb alloy is formed such that the orientation index in a (h00) plane by Miller indices is in a range of 50 to 100%.

Abstract: A fiber-reinforced piston ring for an internal combustion engine comprised of composite body of reinforcing fiber which is long carbon fibers oriented in a peripheral direction of the piston ring and having a fiber volume fraction in a range of 5% to 60% in a matrix of an aluminum alloy. In alternate embodiments the composite body is provided with a layer of aluminum alloy, or a hard layer for wear resistance, or a combination of an aluminum alloy layer and a hard layer.

Abstract: Cooperating slidable aluminum alloy members comprising first and second slidable aluminum alloy members that have a slide portion and slide surface, respectively, which slide relative to each other. The slide portion of the first slidable aluminum alloy member is being comprised of a fiber-reinforced aluminum alloy. The reinforcement fiber used for the first slidable aluminum alloy member being a mixture of an alumina fiber and a carbon fiber. The slide surface of the second slidable member is provided with a layer of heat resistant synthetic resin in which are dispersed a solid lubricant and an abrasion resistance improving agent.

Abstract: A cylinder block made of fiber-reinforced light alloy for an internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder barrel having a fiber-reinforced part formed around a cylinder bore, and a cylinder block outer wall surrounding the cylinder barrel and defining a water jacket between itself and the barrel, wherein a reinforcing deck part is provided to connect between the outer wall and an end portion of the barrel adjacent the cylinder head joining surface, the deck part having a thickness in the direction of barrel axis set to be not less than 7% of a piston stroke.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having a cylinder block made of a light-alloy with a cylinder wall around a cylinder bore including a cylindrical fiber-reinforced portion which is formed of a mixture of an alumina-based fiber and a carbon fiber with a light-alloy matrix. The alumina-based fiber has a fiber volume fraction set in a range of 8 to 20%, and the carbon fiber has a fiber volume fraction set in a range of 0.3 to 15%. The alumina-based fiber contains 25% or less, by weight, of silica, has an average aspect ratio of 20 to 150, and an alpha rate of 2 to 60%. The carbon fiber has an average aspect ratio set in a range of 10 to 100 and a Young's modulus set in a range of 20 to 30 t/mm.sup.2. The piston for the cylinder bore has an iron-plated layer covered by a tin-plated layer. The piston rings for the piston may be of austenitic stainless steel to provide thermal expansion characterics similar to the cylinder wall and may be provided with a nitride or chromium-plated layer.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy slide support member which is disclosed herein as a cylinder block of an internal combustion engine includes a slide portion, such as the cylinder for slideably supporting the piston, made of a fiber-reinforced aluminum alloy containing at least an alumina fiber as a reinforcing material, wherein the alpha rate of the alumina fiber is set in a range of 10.0 to 50.0% and the volume content of the alumina fiber is set in a range of 8.0 to 20.0%. Another embodiment employs carbon fibers in addition to the alumina fibers. Further, the walls of the cylinder barrel are of a varying thickness to equalize the cooling and cause uniform thermal expansion of the cylinder barrel.

Abstract: Cells of a microorganism, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, belonging to the genus Mycobacterium are disrupted in distilled water or a suitable buffer solution, and then centrifuged or filtrated to remove the cell wall residue. To the aqueous cell-free extract is added a polyvalent metal salt or an antibiotic, such as streptomycin sulfate, which acts as a flocculant to form a precipitate. The precipitate consists essentially of sugar, protein, lipid, and nucleic acid. Owing to its high antitumor and adjuvant activities as well as its slight side effects, it can be used as antitumor and adjuvant preparations.

Abstract: An electroplating bath for depositing tin or a tin alloy with satisfactory brightness, which comprises a mother bath of a pH-value ranging from 4 to 8 and containing citric acid or its salt, an ammonium salt and a water-soluble polymer as a brightener. The bath may further comprise an aldehyde compound as a co-brightener.

Abstract: A method for stabilizing tin or tin alloy electroplating baths containing citric acid or its salt and an ammonium salt, by adding at least one saturated hydroxycarboxylic acid or its salt other than citric acid or citrate and/or at least one saturated dibasic carboxylic acid.