Abstract: The invention provides a vehicle motion control device capable of realizing optimum avoidance control in the case of an emergency. The vehicle motion control device includes an external environment detection unit for detecting external environment, and a travel state detection unit for detecting a travel state of a driver's vehicle. An obstruction is detected based on the external environment detected by the external environment detection unit, and an environment map indicating obstructions is created. A control device estimates a plurality of possible avoidance actions for avoiding an obstruction based on the environment map and the travel state of the driver's vehicle detected by the travel state detection unit. The control device estimates collision damage according to each avoidance action estimated by the avoidance action estimation unit, and selects an appropriate avoidance action based on the estimated collision damage.

Abstract: An obstacle avoidance control device has a detector for detecting the distance between a vehicle and an obstacle and the relative speed of the vehicle with respect to the obstacle, a memory for storing a map for calculating vehicle generation force to avoid the obstacle based on a parameter set by a physical quantity determined by a component Vx in the vehicle front-rear direction as of the relative speed, a component Vy in the vehicle lateral direction of the relative speed, and a distance Ye? in the vehicle lateral direction, for avoiding the obstacle, and a computing unit for computing the parameter based on the distance and the relative speed that are detected by the detector and computing vehicle generation force by using the calculated parameter and the map.

Abstract: A multiwavelength optical device includes a substrate; a first mirror section including a plurality of first mirror layers stacked on the substrate; an active layer stacked on the first mirror section, the active layer including a light emission portion; a second mirror section including a plurality of second mirror layers stacked on the active layer; a first electrode disposed between the active layer and the second mirror section; and a second electrode disposed between the first mirror section and the active layer.

Abstract: An obstacle avoidance control device has a detector for detecting the distance between a vehicle and an obstacle and the relative speed of the vehicle with respect to the obstacle, a memory for storing a map for calculating vehicle generation force to avoid the obstacle based on a parameter set by a physical quantity determined by a component Vx in the vehicle front-rear direction as of the relative speed, a component Vy in the vehicle lateral direction of the relative speed, and a distance Ye? in the vehicle lateral direction, for avoiding the obstacle, and a computing unit for computing the parameter based on the distance and the relative speed that are detected by the detector and computing vehicle generation force by using the calculated parameter and the map.

Abstract: A vehicle control system includes a calculator that calculates an integrated controlled variable including a first controlled variable used for controlling the braking/driving force of each wheel so as to optimize the ? utilization ratio of the wheel and a second controlled variable used for controlling the steering angle of each wheel, based on constraints including a target resultant force to be applied to the vehicle body and a limit friction circle of each wheel, a calculator that calculates a steering controlled variable used for controlling only the steering angle of each wheel so as to achieve the target resultant force, and a controller that controls only the steering angle of each wheel, or the steering angle and braking/driving force of each wheel, based on a controlled variable obtained by linearly interpolating the integrated controlled variable and the steering controlled variable.

Abstract: There is provided a new and novel vehicle running control device for correcting a yaw angle of a vehicle toward the yaw direction intended by a driver, together with vehicle stability control, through generating yaw moments. In order to accomplish the yaw angle correction, the inventive device operates a yaw moment generating apparatus e.g. a steering apparatus, so as to generate a direction correcting yaw moment based upon an integration value of the deviations between an actual yaw rate and its target value. The direction correcting yaw moment may be generated for correcting the yaw angle deviation remaining after the stability control is ended.

Abstract: Various state amounts of a vehicle body detected by various types of sensors are captured (step 102). A maximum frictional force Fimax is calculated for each of wheels (steps 104 to 110). By use of the maximum frictional force Fimax and other physical quantities, a performance function not dependent on respective magnitudes of a vehicle body generating force and a yaw moment is defined, which performance function is prepared by means of a performance function in a case in which the vehicle body generating force is larger than the yaw moment, and a performance function in a case in which the vehicle body generating force is not larger than the yaw moment (step 112).

Abstract: A vehicle motion control device and method computes a size of a using friction circle in each of wheels by multiplying a size of an each wheel friction circle indicating a maximum generating force in each of the wheel tires by a previously computed each wheel using percentage, computes the each wheel tire generating force and the each wheel using percentage indicating a rate with respect to an upper limit value of a ?-using efficiency in each of the wheels, on the basis of a target vehicle body force and moment indicating a target vehicle body longitudinal force, a target vehicle body transverse force and a target yaw moment, and the computed size of the using friction circle, and controls a vehicle motion in such a manner that the computed each wheel tire generating force is obtained on the basis of the computed each wheel tire generating force, thereby minimizing an upper limit of the ?-using efficiency in each of the wheels.

Abstract: A vehicle dynamics control system and a method of controlling vehicle dynamics that includes calculating a tire force to achieve target vehicle force and moment; calculating a longitudinal ? rate that a longitudinal force of each tire is normalized with the size of the tire friction circle of each wheel, representing the maximum tire force at each wheel; calculating a steering angle equalized for right and left wheels based on the longitudinal ? rate of each tire, a lateral force of each tire, and a vertical load of each tire; and controlling vehicle dynamics based on the calculated steering angle.

Abstract: In a laser array device, each laser of a transmitting unit 30 and each optical detector of a receiving unit 20 are arranged to be adjacent to each other. A plurality of unit modules 40 are formed so that each unit module 40 contains adjoining laser 30-1 and optical detector 20-1, and a laser control circuit 10-1. In each unit module, a part of laser beam outputted from the laser is reflected and outputted to the optical detector, an intensity of the laser beam outputted from the laser is detected based on a detection signal outputted from the optical detector, and when the detected laser-beam intensity exceeds a predetermined reference level, the output of the laser beam of the laser is stopped.

Abstract: In a laser array device, each laser of a transmitting unit 30 and each optical detector of a receiving unit 20 are arranged to be adjacent to each other. A plurality of unit modules 40 are formed so that each unit module 40 contains adjoining laser 30-1 and optical detector 20-1, and a laser control circuit 10-1. In each unit module, a part of laser beam outputted from the laser is reflected and outputted to the optical detector, an intensity of the laser beam outputted from the laser is detected based on a detection signal outputted from the optical detector, and when the detected laser-beam intensity exceeds a predetermined reference level, the output of the laser beam of the laser is stopped.

Abstract: Various state amounts of a vehicle body detected by various types of sensors are captured (step 102). A maximum frictional force Fimax is calculated for each of wheels (steps 104 to 110). By use of the maximum frictional force Fimax and other physical quantities, a performance function not dependent on respective magnitudes of a vehicle body generating force and a yaw moment is defined, which performance function is prepared by means of a performance function in a case in which the vehicle body generating force is larger than the yaw moment, and a performance function in a case in which the vehicle body generating force is not larger than the yaw moment (step 112).

Abstract: A vehicle control system includes a calculator that calculates an integrated controlled variable including a first controlled variable used for controlling the braking/driving force of each wheel so as to optimize the ? utilization ratio of the wheel and a second controlled variable used for controlling the steering angle of each wheel, based on constraints including a target resultant force to be applied to the vehicle body and a limit friction circle of each wheel, a calculator that calculates a steering controlled variable used for controlling only the steering angle of each wheel so as to achieve the target resultant force, and a controller that controls only the steering angle of each wheel, or the steering angle and braking/driving force of each wheel, based on a controlled variable obtained by linearly interpolating the integrated controlled variable and the steering controlled variable.

Abstract: There is provided a new and novel vehicle running control device for correcting a yaw angle of a vehicle toward the yaw direction intended by a driver, together with vehicle stability control, through generating yaw moments. In order to accomplish the yaw angle correction, the inventive device operates a yaw moment generating apparatus e.g. a steering apparatus, so as to generate a direction correcting yaw moment based upon an integration value of the deviations between an actual yaw rate and its target value. The direction correcting yaw moment may be generated for correcting the yaw angle deviation remaining after the stability control is ended.

Abstract: A driving control device and methods including controllers for independently controlling a steering angle, and braking and driving force of each wheel. The device includes detectors that detect driver input including a steering operation amount, a driving force operation amount, and a braking force operation amount. Moreover, the device includes calculators that calculate a vehicle target longitudinal and lateral force, and a vehicle target yaw moment based on the inputs by the driver, a target generating force of each wheel based on the detected amounts, and a target steering angle and target braking and driving torque of each wheel based on the target generating force of each wheel. Finally, a controller controls the device so that a steering angle and the braking and driving torque of each wheel are determined to be the target steering angle and the target braking and driving torque.

Abstract: A driving control device and methods including controllers for independently controlling a steering angle, and braking and driving force of each wheel. The device includes detectors that detect driver input including a steering operation amount, a driving force operation amount, and a braking force operation amount. Moreover, the device includes calculators that calculate a vehicle target longitudinal and lateral force, and a vehicle target yaw moment based on the inputs by the driver, a target generating force of each wheel based on the detected amounts, and a target steering angle and target braking and driving torque of each wheel based on the target generating force of each wheel. Finally, a controller controls the device so that a steering angle and the braking and driving torque of each wheel are determined to be the target steering angle and the target braking and driving torque.

Abstract: A control device for controlling the running behavior of a four wheeled vehicle has a mathematical tire model of each wheel defining a relationship between longitudinal and lateral forces vs.

Abstract: An optical transmission mechanism including a first optical fiber protruding from a chip, and a second optical fiber protruding from a circuit board. The tip ends of the first and second optical fibers are coupled with each other. A guide member contacting the tip end of the second optical fiber may be used to position the tip end of the second optical fiber at a face-to-face coaxial position with the tip end of the first optical fiber. The tip ends of the first and second optical fibers are easily coupled with each other without positioning the chip relative to the circuit board.

Abstract: A driver regards a relative acceleration of a subject vehicle with respect to an object such as a preceding vehicle, an obstacle and the like as one having highest priority, and performs control such that deceleration is immediately started even if a relative velocity is small if the relative acceleration is large. Taking note of this point, the relative acceleration between the subject vehicle and the object is detected, and it is judged whether or not the subject vehicle and the object relatively approach each other at a relative acceleration not less than a predetermined value. A vehicle velocity is controlled such that the relative acceleration is not more than a predetermined target relative acceleration (for which a direction for approach is positive) when the subject vehicle and the object relatively approach each other at a relative acceleration not less than the predetermined value. Thus, the start of deceleration felt by the driver is adequate.

Abstract: The present invention provides an ethanol-based ink for marking pens which comprises at least one dye selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by specific structures, an ethanol-soluble resin, and ethanol.According to the present invention, yellow, orange, red, blue, pink, sky-blue and black inks can be provided, and even if these inks are allowed to stand for a long period of time, any precipitates are not observed in the inks and so they are excellent in water resistance after writing. In addition, the fixing properties of the inks to a metal are also good.