Abstract: In a memory array MCA which includes memory cells MC each having a variable-resistance-based memory device RQ and a select transistor MQ, an object is to receive a fixed quantity of storage data for a short time, and to realize writing operation to the memory cell, with suppressed peak current. In order to achieve the object, the data bus occupation time in rewriting operation is shortened by using plural sense amplifiers and storing storage data temporarily, and plural programming circuits are provided and activated using the control signals with different phases. By the above, the phase change memory system with low current consumption can be realized, without causing degradation of the utilization ratio of the data bus.

Abstract: In a memory array MCA which includes memory cells MC each having a variable-resistance-based memory device RQ and a select transistor MQ, an object is to receive a fixed quantity of storage data for a short time, and to realize writing operation to the memory cell, with suppressed peak current. In order to achieve the object, the data bus occupation time in rewriting operation is shortened by using plural sense amplifiers and storing storage data temporarily, and plural programming circuits are provided and activated using the control signals with different phases. By the above, the phase change memory system with low current consumption can be realized, without causing degradation of the utilization ratio of the data bus.

Abstract: A phase change memory includes a memory cell with a phase change element storing data according to level change of a resistance value in association with phase change, a write circuit converting the phase change element to an amorphous state or a polycrystalline state according to the logic of write data in a write operation mode, a read circuit reading out stored data from the phase change element in a readout operation mode, and a discharge circuit applying a discharge voltage to the phase change element to remove electrons trapped in the phase change element in a discharge operation mode. Accordingly, variation in the resistance value at the phase change element can be suppressed.

Abstract: In a memory array MCA which includes memory cells MC each having a variable-resistance-based memory device RQ and a select transistor MQ, an object is to receive a fixed quantity of storage data for a short time, and to realize writing operation to the memory cell, with suppressed peak current. In order to achieve the object, the data bus occupation time in rewriting operation is shortened by using plural sense amplifiers and storing storage data temporarily, and plural programming circuits are provided and activated using the control signals with different phases. By the above, the phase change memory system with low current consumption can be realized, without causing degradation of the utilization ratio of the data bus.

Abstract: A phase change memory includes a memory cell with a phase change element storing data according to level change of a resistance value in association with phase change, a write circuit converting the phase change element to an amorphous state or a polycrystalline state according to the logic of write data in a write operation mode, a read circuit reading out stored data from the phase change element in a readout operation mode, and a discharge circuit applying a discharge voltage to the phase change element to remove electrons trapped in the phase change element in a discharge operation mode. Accordingly, variation in the resistance value at the phase change element can be suppressed.

Abstract: In a memory array MCA which includes memory cells MC each having a variable-resistance-based memory device RQ and a select transistor MQ, an object is to receive a fixed quantity of storage data for a short time, and to realize writing operation to the memory cell, with suppressed peak current. In order to achieve the object, the data bus occupation time in rewriting operation is shortened by using plural sense amplifiers and storing storage data temporarily, and plural programming circuits are provided and activated using the control signals with different phases. By the above, the phase change memory system with low current consumption can be realized, without causing degradation of the utilization ratio of the data bus.

Abstract: A phase change memory includes a memory cell with a phase change element storing data according to level change of a resistance value in association with phase change, a write circuit converting the phase change element to an amorphous state or a polycrystalline state according to the logic of write data in a write operation mode, a read circuit reading out stored data from the phase change element in a readout operation mode, and a discharge circuit applying a discharge voltage to the phase change element to remove electrons trapped in the phase change element in a discharge operation mode. Accordingly, variation in the resistance value at the phase change element can be suppressed.

Abstract: A substrate treatment apparatus (1) capable of performing the surface treatment of a treated substrate (W) by placing the treated substrate on a substrate support body (2) and dripping a treatment liquid on the surface of the substrate while rotating the substrate support body (2). The substrate support body (2) comprises a circular casserole-like base (3), a top board (10) generally formed in a disk shape, having a longitudinal cross section of reverse trapezoidal shape, and fitted to the upper opening of the base, and a hollow rotating shaft (15) fitted to the base (3) or the top board (10) at its rotating axis. The apparatus is characterized in that a gas blowout nozzle (14) comprising a plurality of slit-like grooves radially extending from the hollow rotating shaft (15) to the outside is formed in at least one surface selected from the contact surface (13) of the top board (10) and the upper opening contact surface (5a) of the base (3) brought into contact with each other by the fitting.

Abstract: An interface controller is designed to separately define the first control information to be supplied to the first latch means for controlling an operation of an interface-controlled device connected to the same controller and the second control information to be supplied to the second latch means for controlling an interface operation with the interface-controlled device, in a form of a pair of the first and second information. When there is an addition or a change in a command defined for the interface-controlled device, as for a command transmission to the interface-controlled device and as for an interface control operation of the interface controller itself, both the control information can be independently amended to cope with the addition or the change.

Abstract: There is provided a flash control system for a camera, which is provided with an automatic flash device which uses a predetermined appropriate amount of light to control emission of flash light, a control system that preliminarily emits the flash light, a first photometric sensors for colorimetry, a color determining system that determines the color of the object. Further, the flash control system is provided with a first colorimetric compensation value determining system which determines a first colormetric compensation value based on the determined color, and a flash control level adjusting system that adjusts the predetermined appropriate amount of light based on the first colorimetric compensation value.

Abstract: A photometry device for a camera is provided with a normal light sensor having a spectral sensitive characteristics close to those of a human eye, and a plurality of colorimetric sensors. The device further includes a photometry value determining system, a colorimetric compensation value determining system that determines a color of an object at each of the plurality of photometry areas and a colorimetric compensation value based on the determined color, and an exposure value determining system that compensates for the photometry value determined by the photometry value determining system for each of the plurality of photometry areas, and determines an exposure value based on the compensated photometry values. In the photometry device configured as above, the colorimetric compensation value determining system determines different colorimetric compensation values for different one of the plurality of photometry areas.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory is configured inclusive of a memory unit including a data area capable of writing data therein, and a management area capable of writing therein management information about the data written into the data area, and a memory control unit for controlling the operation of the memory unit. Under such a configuration, there is provided control means for instructing rewriting of next data with respect to a write error produced in the data area without instructing rewriting of the same data, and instructing rewriting of the same data with respect to a write error produced in the management area. Owing to its provision, an effective record rate can be avoided from falling below a rate for write data.

Abstract: A photometry device for a camera is provided with a normal light sensor having a plurality of photometry areas, and a plurality of photometric sensors for colorimetry. A photometry value determining system determines a photometry value at each photometry area in accordance with outputs of the normal light sensor. A colorimetric compensation value determining system determines a color of an object at each photometry area in accordance with the outputs of the photometric sensors for colorimetry, and determines a colorimetric compensation value based on the determined color. An exposure value determining system compensates for the photometry value determined by the photometry value determining system for each o photometry area, and determines an exposure value based on the compensated photometry values. The colorimetric compensation value determining system determines different threshold values, which are used for determining colors at the plurality of photometry areas, for different photometry areas.

Abstract: A photometry device for a camera is provided with a normal light sensor, an exposure amount determining system, a plurality of colorimetric sensors that detect a color of the object using light passed through a photographing lens of the camera. The calorimetric sensors have spectral sensitivity characteristics that are different from each other. The photometry device further includes an external light sensor, a light source color compensation amount determining system, a light source effect compensation system, a colorimetry compensation amount determining system, and an exposure amount compensation system. In such a device, the light source color compensation amount determining system changes the light source color compensation amount in accordance with an object distance, or the magnification of the photographing lens.

Abstract: A photometry device for a camera has a normal light metering system and a plurality of light metering systems having different spectral sensitivity characteristics. An exposure amount of an object is determined in accordance with an output of the normal light metering system. A colormetry system divides a photometry area into a plurality of areas and judges a color of the object at each of the plurality of areas. The compensation amount determining system determines the exposure compensation amounts respectively corresponding to the plurality of areas based on the color thereat. A compensation amount related to an area corresponding to a focused portion of the object. The exposure amount is compensated in accordance with the determined exposure compensation amount.

Abstract: There is provided a flash control system for a camera, which is provided with an automatic flash device which uses a predetermined appropriate amount of light to control emission of flash light, a control system that preliminarily emits the flash light, a first photometric sensors for colorimetry, a color determining system that determines the color of the object. Further, the flash control system is provided with a first colorimetric compensation value determining system which determines a first colormetric compensation value based on the determined color, and a flash control level adjusting system that adjusts the predetermined appropriate amount of light based on the first calorimetric compensation value.

Abstract: A photometry device for a camera, includes a normal light sensor having spectral sensitivity characteristics close to visual sensitivity characteristics, a plurality of colorimetric sensors having spectral sensitivity characteristics that are different from each other, an exposure amount determining system that determines an exposure amount of an object in accordance with an output of the normal light sensor, a colorimetry system that judges a color of the object in accordance with the outputs of the plurality of colorimetric sensors, and a compensation amount determining system that determines an exposure compensation amount in accordance with the color judged by the colorimetry system. The compensation amount determining system compensates for the exposure compensation amount determined by the compensation amount determining system in accordance with differences among the outputs of the plurality of colorimetric sensors.

Abstract: A photometry device for a camera is provided with a normal light sensor having spectral sensitivity characteristics close to visual sensitivity characteristics, a plurality of colorimetric sensors having spectral sensitivity characteristics that are different from those of the normal light sensor, an exposure amount determining system that determines an exposure amount of an object in accordance with an output of the normal light sensor. A color of the object is determined in accordance with the outputs of the plurality of colorimetric sensors and an external light sensor that measures an external light illuminating the object at spectral sensitivity characteristics corresponding to each of the plurality of colorimetric sensors. Then, based on the determined color, an exposure compensation amount is determined.

Abstract: A strobe control device for a camera is provided with a light amount measuring system that measures amount of light emitted by a strobe and reflected by an object, a comparing system that compares the measured light amount with a reference exposure light amount. The reference exposure light amount is determined in accordance with a reference control level, the strobe is controlled to stop emitting light when the measured light amount has reached the reference exposure light amount. The strobe control device is further provided with a colorimetry system that determines a color of the object, a reflection compensation value determining system that determines a compensation value for compensating for errors depending on a reflectivity of an object, and a compensation system that compensates for the reference control level in accordance with the reflection compensation value.

Abstract: A photometry device for a camera includes a normal light metering system having spectral sensitivity characteristics close to visual sensitivity characteristics, and a plurality of light metering systems having spectral sensitivity characteristics that are different from those of the normal light metering system. Further provided is an exposure amount determining system that determines an exposure amount of an object in accordance with an output of the normal light metering system, a colorimetry system that judges a color of the object in accordance with the outputs of said plurality of light metering systems. An exposure compensation amount is determined in accordance with the color judged by the colorimetry system, and then, the exposure amount is compensated in accordance with the exposure compensation amount.