Abstract: In a 2D photonic crystal waveguide comprising a 2D photonic crystal structure based on a slab (11) formed of a material having a higher refractive index than air, in which a material (16) having a lower refractive index than the slab material is periodically arrayed to provide a refractive index distribution, a photonic crystal waveguide is created by forming a line defect (12), which functions as a waveguide, in the periodic array of photonic crystal, and at least one point defect (14) is disposed adjacent the photonic crystal waveguide to act as a disorder in the periodic array of photonic crystal. The point defect functions as a light or electromagnetic radiation outlet/inlet port for trapping light or electromagnetic radiation of a selected wavelength among light or electromagnetic radiation propagating through the waveguide and radiating it, or trapping light or electromagnetic radiation of a selected wavelength from the exterior and introducing it into the waveguide.

Abstract: In a 2D photonic crystal waveguide comprising a 2D photonic crystal structure based on a slab (11) formed of a material having a higher refractive index than air, in which a material (16) having a lower refractive index than the slab material is periodically arrayed to provide a refractive index distribution, a photonic crystal waveguide is created by forming a line defect (12), which functions as a waveguide, in the periodic array of photonic crystal, and at least one point defect (14) is disposed adjacent the photonic crystal waveguide to act as a disorder in the periodic array of photonic crystal. The point defect functions as a light or electromagnetic radiation outlet/inlet port for trapping light or electromagnetic radiation of a selected wavelength among light or electromagnetic radiation propagating through the waveguide and radiating it, or trapping light or electromagnetic radiation of a selected wavelength from the exterior and introducing it into the waveguide.

Abstract: A magneto-optic element is employed to create an optical attenuator, an optical modulator and a magnetic field strength sensor. The magneto-optic element exhibits a multiple domain structure in a state where no magnetic field is applied, wherein magnetization components in adjacent domains of the element along a direction in which a light beam travels are different from one another. The optical attenuator further includes apparatus for applying a magnetic field of variable strength to the magneto-optic element. The optical modulator further includes apparatus for applying a modulated magnetic field to the magneto-optic element. The magnetic field strength sensor operates by placing the magneto-optic element in the vicinity of an object to be measured. A light beam is directed from an input optical fiber onto the magneto-optic element and the element diffracts the light beam. A portion of the light beam exiting the element impinges on a reflector and is received by a second optical fiber.

Abstract: A magneto-optic element is employed to create an optical attenuator and an optical modulator. The magneto-optic element exhibits a multiple domain structure in a state where no magnetic field is applied, wherein magnetization components in adjacent domains of the element along a direction in which a light beam travels are different from one another. The optical attenuator further includes apparatus for applying a magnetic field of variable strength to the magneto-optic element. The optical modulator further includes apparatus for applying a modulated magnetic field to the magneto-optic element. In both devices, a light beam is directed from an input optical fiber onto the magneto-optic element. The element diffracts the light beam. A portion of the light beam exiting the element impinges on a reflector and is received by a second optical fiber. In the optical attenuator, that portion of light is attenuated with respect to the light in the input optical fiber.

Abstract: A magnetic multilayer is an alternate stack of a plurality of magnetic thin films containing Fe, Co or Ni and a plurality of Ag thin film. Both the films are formed by molecular beam epitaxy to a thickness of 2 to 60 .ANG.. The multilayer has an axis of easy magnetization in a plane parallel to the surface and an in-plane squareness ratio of 0.5 or lower and exhibits antiferromagnetism. The multilayer shows giant magnetoresistance change in low magnetic fields, for example, a magnetoresistance change of 1 to 40% in a magnetic field of 0.01 to 20 kOe.

Abstract: A polarizer and a method of manufacturing the polarizer comprising first zones which are formed by one or more layers and second zones which are formed by one or more layers, the zones being alternately and horizontally arranged on a common plane. A material of at least one layer of at least either zones is birefringent, and the birefringent layer is formed by oblique vapor deposition. The polarizer, excellently suited for quantity production and for space and size reduction, can be formed directly and simply on the planes of light beam incidence or emergence of various optical elements. The invention also concerns polarizer-equipped optical elements and a method of manufacturing such elements which have the polarizer directly formed by oblique deposition on the plane of light beam incidence, emergence, or reflection of the optical elements.

Abstract: Magnetic particles comprising a magnetic core and a shell covering the core are provided wherein the shell is formed from titanium nitride, titanium carbide, aluminum nitride, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, or a mixture thereof by plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition while vibrating the core.

Abstract: An electromagnetic shielding material comprising a composition consisting of Mn-Zn ferrite powders, conductive carbon powders and organic high molecular weight compounds. The Mn-Zn ferrite powders may be contained in the range between 30 and 70 vol %. The composition has 10.sup.2 to 10.sup.-1 ohm.cm of volume resistivity and exhibits excellent electromagnetic absorbing property. The electromagnetic shielding material can prevent transmission of electromagnetic waves and attenuate refleted waves by absorbing the waves.

Abstract: An electromagnetic shielding material for absorbing electromagnetic energy has been found. The shielding material is flexible and has a thin conductive core with a composite ferrite material deposited around the core. The composite ferrite material is a mixture of ferrite powder and a binder for binding the powder. The conductive core may be formed in the shape of a flat sheet or an elongated textile shape. The binder may be a high molecular compound like plastic. When the core is in a textile shape, the textile covered with the composite ferrite material is woven into a cloth which is sufficiently flexible to form around any desired shape.

Abstract: A composite ferrite cloth having ferro-magnetic property weaved with composite ferrite textile has been found. The composite ferrite textile is the mixture of ferrite powder and the binder for coupling the same. The binder may be a high molecule compound like plastics, or glass with low melting point. The composite textile may be produced either by slicing a composite ferrite sheet attached on a plastics substrate, depositing composite ferrite paint around a core textile similar to the producing process of an electric wire, or just mixing ferrite powder with plastics or glass. The ferrite cloth which is weaved with composite ferrite textile is flexible and has many fields of application.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electromagnetic interference shielding material used for shielding radios and the like from electromagnetic waves emitted from a computer or the like. In the prior art, a zinc flame-sprayed shielding material is applied on the housing of a computer or the like to shield it from electromagnetic waves.The present invention provides an electromagnetic interference shielding material having an improved durability and shield effectiveness (SE) and comprising a ferromagnetic amorphous alloy having a conductivity of 10.sup.2 .OMEGA..sup.-1 .multidot.cm.sup.-1 or more and a permeability of 100 or more at 1 kHz.