Abstract: The invention provides a process for producing a ?-glycoside compound represented by formula (3), characterized in that the process includes causing to react a cyclic alkene compound represented by formula (1) or (2) with a nucleophile in the presence of a transition metal catalyst.

Abstract: An acylating agent and a hydrolase are caused to act on a hydroxypyranone represented by formula (I) in a water-containing organic solvent, to thereby produce an acyloxypyranone compound represented by formula (II) (wherein R1 represents an acyl group). Then, an acetylene organic metal compound represented by formula (III) (wherein R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a tri-substituted silyl group, and M represents an alkali metal atom, aluminum, or a magnesium monohalide) and a coordinating additive are caused to act on the acyloxypyranone compound represented by formula (II), to thereby produce an alkyne compound represented by formula (IV). The alkyne compound represented by formula (IV) is hydrolyzed with acid, to thereby produce a dihydrofuran compound represented by formula (V).

Abstract: An acylating agent and a hydrolase are caused to act on a hydroxypyranone represented by formula (I) in a water-containing organic solvent, to thereby produce an acyloxypyranone compound represented by formula (II) (wherein R1 represents an acyl group). Then, an acetylene organic metal compound represented by formula (III) (wherein R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a tri-substituted silyl group, and M represents an alkali metal atom, aluminum, or a magnesium monohalide) and a coordinating additive are caused to act on the acyloxypyranone compound represented by formula (II), to thereby produce an alkyne compound represented by formula (IV). The alkyne compound represented by formula (IV) is hydrolyzed with acid, to thereby produce a dihydrofuran compound represented by formula (V).

Abstract: The invention provides a process for producing a ?-glycoside compound represented by formula (3), characterized in that the process includes causing to react a cyclic alkene compound represented by formula (1) or (2) with a nucleophile in the presence of a transition metal catalyst.

Abstract: A polyamic acid comprising at least 10 mol % repeating units represented by the formula [1] or [2]; and a polyimide represented by the formula [3] or [4] which is obtained from the polyamic acid. A polyimide film having high heat resistance and satisfactory in light-transmitting properties and tensile strength is obtained from the polyamic acid. (In the formulae, R1 and R2 each independently represents hydrogen or C1-10 alkyl; R3 and R4 each independently represents hydrogen, halogeno, C1-10alkyl, or phenyl or the R3 and R4 on adjoining carbon atoms are bonded to each other to form C3-8 cycloalkyl or phenyl; R5 represents a divalent organic group; and n is an integer of 2 or larger.

Abstract: A polyamic acid comprising at least 10 mol % repeating units represented by the formula [1] or [2]; and a polyimide represented by the formula [3] or [4] which is obtained from the polyamic acid. A polyimide film having high heat resistance and satisfactory in light-transmitting properties and tensile strength is obtained from the polyamic acid. (In the formulae, R1 and R2 each independently represents hydrogen or C1-10 alkyl; R3 and R4 each independently represents hydrogen, halogeno, C1-10alkyl, or phenyl or the R3 and R4 on adjoining carbon atoms are bonded to each other to form C3-8 cycloalkyl or phenyl; R5 represents a divalent organic group; and n is an integer of 2 or larger.

Abstract: To provide a novel process for producing an optically active allyl compound which is useful as an intermediate raw material for e.g. pharmaceutical products.

Abstract: The present invention provides a transparent substrate capable of improving the light extraction efficiency of an organic electroluminescence device, and an organic electroluminescence device with high luminous efficiency and with excellent mass productivity using the substrate. The present invention relates to a transparent substrate for an organic electroluminescence device characterized in that an optical interference film comprising at least one layer having such a refractive index and a film thickness as to reduce a quantity of reflection of light emitted from a light-emitting layer is provided on both sides of the transparent substrate in the organic electroluminescence device, and to an organic electroluminescence device comprising the transparent substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a transparent substrate capable of improving the light extraction efficiency of an organic electroluminescence device, and an organic electroluminescence device with high luminous efficiency and with excellent mass productivity using the substrate.

Abstract: Provided are a transparent substrate capable of improving the light extraction efficiency of an organic electroluminescence device, and a practical organic electroluminescence device using the substrate.