Abstract: An apparatus for recording and/or reproducing a serial digitized analog signal controls the transport speed of a recording medium according to the sampling rate employed in digitizing the analog signal to produce a constant data density on the recording medium regardless of the sampling rate selected. The frequency of a fundamental clock signal establishes the sampling frequency during recording. A coded timing signal also recorded on the recording medium includes both a sync signal and a coded identity of the sampling frequency in use. During reproduction, the coded identity of the sampling frequency is used to select the same fundamental clock signal as was used during recording and the reproduced sync signal is phase compared with a reference signal derived from the fundamental clock signal to correspondingly control the speed and phase of transport of the recording medium. The fundamental clock signal may be manually varied during reproduction for pitch control of the reproduced analog signal.

Abstract: A trouble diagnosing device of a control circuit for receiving, as input signals, signals containing information on controlled means and producing, as output signals, control signals for controlling the controlled means on the basis of the input signals, includes modulator means for modulating the input signals by means of a modulation signal having a trouble diagnosing discrimination waveform, and a trouble diagnosing circuit for producing an output signal indicating trouble in the control circuit system when the output signals of said control circuit systems produced upon receipt of the input signals modulated by the modulator means, contain an abnormal signal.In an embodiment of the invention, the modulator means modulate input signals by means of a trouble diagnosing modulation signal having such a small pulse width that electromagnetic actuators for controlling the controlled means are not able to respond thereto.

Abstract: A skid prevention method for reducing braking torque during a wheel lock while braking, using a main control system of an anti-skid brake device regardless of the brake input by the driver. When wheel lock is overcome, reduction of braking torque ceases. When wheel lock lasts more than a preset period without reduction in breaking torque, even when wheel lock results from failure of the main control system, the braking torque is reduced for a preset period through an auxiliary system. If the main control system reduces the braking torque for a period longer than a preset time, braking torque reduction by the main control system may be nullified, and when wheel lock lasts longer than a preset period, the braking torque may be reduced by the auxiliary control system for the preset period. An anti-skid device for carrying out this method has a brake for applying the braking torque to the wheels, a main control system for controlling the brake to reduce braking torque in case of wheel lock.

Abstract: A method of preventing wheels of a vehicle from skidding in which a wheel-acceleration signal representative of the peripheral acceleration of a wheel is obtained by differentiating a wheel-shaped signal representative of a suitably detected peripheral speed of the wheel. The braking torque applied to the wheel during braking is controlled and held constant when the level of a wheel-acceleration signal is higher than that of a first reference wheel-acceleration signal and lower than that of a second reference wheel-acceleration signal, whereas it is increased when the level of the wheel-acceleration signal is higher than that of the second reference wheel-acceleration signal.

Abstract: An arrangement for indicator meters for automobiles, in which a speed meter and a tachometer are coaxially arranged in a front-and-back positional relationship in the lengthwise direction of the vehicle body so that they may be more readily observed with the least movement of eyes as well as from one and same direction. Also disclosed is an arrangement for the warning indicator devices, in which such warning indicators as turning directions, operating conditions of brakes, dynamo, and so forth are arranged in vacant space around dial plates for the speed meter and tachometer, and such warning indicator devices are accommodated in a cavity formed on the top raised portion of a steering handle column cover.

Abstract: A system for handling pulse encoded signals includes several parallel signal paths to carry pulses on which a signal has been encoded. The encoding is based on a predetermined amplitude value, or weight, for each pulse, and each signal path receives all pulses having the same weighting factor. A switching system is provided to switch the signals received on the various paths to different paths in a determinable order at a repetition rate commensurate with the pulse encoding repetition rate. The signals are then transmitted along the signal paths and are then switched back to the original order for pulse decoding. If pulse bits are lost in the second path, an interpolation may be made to provide a reasonable restoration of the signal to minimize the dropout effect.

Abstract: In dynamic modulation (D.M.) of non-return-to-zero pulse signals, the only condition under which the D.M. signal would remain in the same state, either 1 or 0, for two consecutive pulse intervals is when the NRZ signal includes the sequence 101. Two sampling signals at the proper clock repetition rate are generated from the D.M. signal by the decoder and are successively used to sample the D.M. signal and to sample the signal resulting from the first sampling. Information of the state of the D.M. signal at the time of the first sampling is retained to be compared with the state of the D.M. signal at a later time, and the state of one of the compared signals is separately compared with the state of a signal between the first-compared signals. If the wrong clock pulses midway between the correct clock pulses are used in making the comparisons, a correction signal will be generated in the last half of the second consecutive pulse interval in which the D.M. signal remains in the same state.