Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes first and second forming units that form first and second to-be-transferred images and first and second not-to-be-transferred images with first and second toners, respectively, the first toner containing a metal pigment; a transfer body to which the first and second to-be-transferred and not-to-be-transferred images are to be transferred; a transfer member that transfers the first and second to-be-transferred images to a recording medium at a transfer nip between the transfer member and the transfer body; and a removing member that removes, with an electrostatic force, the first and second toners forming the first and second not-to-be-transferred images from the transfer member. In a transfer mode, the first not-to-be-transferred image is transferred to a position that do not overlap the recording medium to be introduced into the transfer nip after the first not-to-be-transferred image when seen in a direction of introduction of the recording medium.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes first and second forming units that form first and second to-be-transferred images and first and second not-to-be-transferred images with first and second toners, respectively, the first toner containing a metal pigment; a transfer body to which the first and second to-be-transferred and not-to-be-transferred images are to be transferred; a transfer member that transfers the first and second to-be-transferred images to a recording medium at a transfer nip between the transfer member and the transfer body; and a removing member that removes, with an electrostatic force, the first and second toners forming the first and second not-to-be-transferred images from the transfer member. In a transfer mode, the first not-to-be-transferred image is transferred to a position that do not overlap the recording medium to be introduced into the transfer nip after the first not-to-be-transferred image when seen in a direction of introduction of the recording medium.

Abstract: A copper compound-carried titanium oxide photocatalyst which is excellent in a photocatalytic activity and a viral inactivation property and a production process for the same can be provided by a copper compound-carried titanium oxide photocatalyst comprising titanium oxide in which a content of rutile type titanium oxide is 50% by mole or more and a monovalent copper compound and a divalent copper compound which are carried on a surface of the titanium oxide described above and a production process for a copper compound-carried titanium oxide photocatalyst, comprising a step of carrying a monovalent copper compound and a divalent copper compound on a surface of titanium oxide in which a content of rutile type titanium oxide is 50% by mole or more.

Abstract: A carbon material containing boron atom in an amount of 0.001 to 0.5 mass %, in which the average interplanar spacing (d002) of plane (002) is 0.337 nm or less. By observing optical structures in cross-section of formed bodies made of the carbon material, when areas are accumulated from a smallest structure in an ascending order, SOP represents an area of an optical structure whose accumulated area corresponds to 60% of the total area of all optical structures; when the structures are counted from a structure of a smallest aspect ratio in an ascending order, AROP represents the aspect ratio of the structure which ranks at the position of 60% in total number of all the structures; and when D50 represents an average particle diameter; SOP, AROP and D50 satisfy the following relationship: 1.5?AROP?6 and 0.2×D50?(SOP×AROP)1/2<2×D50. Also disclosed is a secondary battery using the carbon material as an electrode material.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a charging roller including elastic and surface layers and a photoconductor drum. Initially, the surface layer has a surface roughness Rz of 3-6 ?m, and the layers have an impedance ratio of 0.81 or less in absolute value at a frequency of 800-3000 Hz. After a predetermined time, the surface roughness Rz is reduced by a decrement ?Rz of 0.1-4 ?m. The drum has a film thickness D initially ranging from 20-40 ?m and reduced by a decrement ?D of 5-25 ?m after the predetermined time. Herein, 0.005??Rz/?D?0.8 holds. The impedance ratio is represented as ZE/(ZE+ZS) wherein ZE and ZS represent the respective impedances of the elastic layer and the surface layer, and 100k A4-size recording media recorded with images with an area coverage of 7% are printed in the predetermined time.

Abstract: A scale-like carbon material and carbon material for a battery electrode suitable for use as an electrode material for an aqueous-electrolyte secondary battery, wherein the ratio IG/ID (G value) between the peak area (ID) in a range of 1300 to 1400 cm?1 and the peak area (IG) in a range of 1580 to 1620 cm?1 by Raman spectroscopy spectra when an edge surface of the particle of the scale-like carbon material is measured with by Raman microspectrometer is 5.2 to 100 and the average interplanar spacing d002 of plane (d002) by the X-ray diffraction method is 0.337 nm or less and optical structures of the carbon material have a specific shape; the method for producing the same; a carbon material for a battery electrode and a paste for an electrode containing the material; and a secondary battery having excellent charge/discharge cycle characteristics and high current load characteristics.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a charging roller including elastic and surface layers and a photoconductor drum. Initially, the surface layer has a surface roughness Rz of 3-6 ?m, and the layers have an impedance ratio of 0.81 or less in absolute value at a frequency of 800-3000 Hz. After a predetermined time, the surface roughness Rz is reduced by a decrement ?Rz of 0.1-4 ?m. The drum has a film thickness D initially ranging from 20-40 ?m and reduced by a decrement ?D of 5-25 ?m after the predetermined time. Herein, 0.005??Rz/?D?0.8 holds. The impedance ratio is represented as ZE/(ZE+ZS) wherein ZE and ZS represent the respective impedances of the elastic layer and the surface layer, and 100 k A4-size recording media recorded with images with an area coverage of 7% are printed in the predetermined time.

Abstract: A copper compound-carried titanium oxide photocatalyst which is excellent in a photocatalytic activity and a viral inactivation property and a production process for the same can be provided by a copper compound-carried titanium oxide photocatalyst comprising titanium oxide in which a content of rutile type titanium oxide is 50% by mole or more and a monovalent copper compound and a divalent copper compound which are carried on a surface of the titanium oxide described above and a production process for a copper compound-carried titanium oxide photocatalyst, comprising a step of carrying a monovalent copper compound and a divalent copper compound on a surface of titanium oxide in which a content of rutile type titanium oxide is 50% by mole or more.