Abstract: An eccentric universal joint mechanism, even when there is a lateral displacement between a first pipe and a second pipe, can absorb the displacement and connect the first pipe and the second pipe. The eccentric universal joint mechanism includes: a first sleeve; a second sleeve; and an eccentric universal joint connecting the first sleeve and the second sleeve. The eccentric universal joint includes a first eccentric pipe, and a second eccentric pipe rotatably joined to the first eccentric pipe. A displacement between the center line of the first eccentric pipe and the center line of the second eccentric pipe is determined by the rotational position of the second eccentric pipe.

Abstract: An eccentric universal joint mechanism, even when there is a lateral displacement between a first pipe and a second pipe, can absorb the displacement and connect the first pipe and the second pipe. The eccentric universal joint mechanism includes: a first sleeve; a second sleeve; and an eccentric universal joint connecting the first sleeve and the second sleeve. The eccentric universal joint includes a first eccentric pipe, and a second eccentric pipe rotatably joined to the first eccentric pipe. A displacement between the center line of the first eccentric pipe and the center line of the second eccentric pipe is determined by the rotational position of the second eccentric pipe.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member for carrying a toner image; a recording material conveyer belt for electrostatically carrying and feeding a recording material; a roller, provided on a side of the recording material conveyer belt not carrying the recording material in a separation position where the recording material is separated from the recording material conveyer belt, for supporting the recording material conveyer belt; a transfer charger for electrostatically transferring the toner image from the image bearing member onto the recording material at a transfer position; a discharge, provided across the recording material conveyer belt from the roller at the separation position, for discharging the recording material upon separation thereof from the recording material conveyer belt; wherein the roller is electrically grounded through an element in which a voltage is generated when the current is supplied thereto.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, latent image forming device for forming an electrostatic image on the image bearing member, the latent image forming device having a charging member contactable to the image bearing member to electrically charge the image bearing member, and the charging member being supplied with a voltage which includes an oscillation component, a developing device for developing the electrostatic latent image with toner into a toner image, the developing device being capable of removing residual toner from the image bearing member, a transfer device for transferring the toner image from the image bearing member onto a transfer material, and a frequency control device for controlling a frequency of the oscillation component so that the frequency is higher when at least a part of such an area of the image bearing member as is going to be a non-image area is charged than when such an area of the image bearing member as is going to be an image area is charged.