Abstract: An aqueous solution for intraoral cleaning via irradiation with ultraviolet ray and/or near-ultraviolet visible ray and/or ray in an 800-900 nm near-infrared region is employed as the hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution, wherein a concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 1 w/v % to 7 w/v %, and a concentration of a hydrogen peroxide stabilizer is 81 ppm (mg/L) or less in the aqueous solution.

Abstract: An aqueous solution for intraoral cleaning via irradiation with ultraviolet ray and/or near-ultraviolet visible ray and/or ray in an 800-900 nm near-infrared region is employed as the hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution, wherein a concentration of hydrogen peroxide is 1 w/v % to 7 w/v %, and a concentration of a hydrogen peroxide stabilizer is 81 ppm (mg/L) or less in the aqueous solution.

Abstract: A battery includes a negative electrode body wound to be flat. The negative electrode body has a plurality of negative electrode main bodies arranged in a line in a negative electrode connection direction in a developed state, and at least one negative electrode connection portion connecting a pair of negative electrode main bodies adjacent in the developed state among the plurality of negative electrode main bodies. The at least one negative electrode connection portion is folded back such that the plurality of negative electrode main bodies overlap each other. A dimension of each of the plurality of negative electrode main bodies in the negative electrode connection direction decreases with separation from an outer end side negative electrode main body. A dimension of the at least one negative electrode connection portions in the negative electrode connection direction increases with separation from an inner end side negative electrode connection portion.

Abstract: A battery includes a negative electrode body wound to be flat. The negative electrode body has a plurality of negative electrode main bodies arranged in a line in a negative electrode connection direction in a developed state, and at least one negative electrode connection portion connecting a pair of negative electrode main bodies adjacent in the developed state among the plurality of negative electrode main bodies. The at leak one negative electrode connection portion is folded back such that the plurality of negative electrode main bodies overlap each other. A dimension of each of the plurality of negative electrode main bodies in the negative electrode connection direction decreases with separation from an outer end side negative electrode main body. A dimension of the at least one negative electrode connection portions in the negative electrode connection direction increases with separation from an inner end side negative electrode connection portion.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes an electrode body which includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode and an outer package which is formed by overlapping a first member and a second member. The outer package includes: a housing portion which houses the electrode body; and a sealing portion which is formed along an outer circumference of the housing portion, by fusing and bending the first member and the second member, at a portion corresponding to the outer circumference of the housing portion.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrochemical cell including: an electrode body; an exterior packaging body in which a plurality of substrates including a first substrate formed from a ceramic material are stacked in the first direction, and a cavity in which the electrode body is accommodated is formed; a first electrode connection wiring that is formed in the exterior packaging body and connects a first electrode layer and an external substrate to each other; and a second electrode connection wiring that is forming in the exterior packaging body and connects a second electrode layer and the external substrate to each other. At least the first electrode connection wiring is formed in the first substrate, and an attachment portion, to which a fastening member configured to mount at least the first electrode connection wiring to the external substrate is attached, is formed in the first substrate.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes an electrode body which includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode and an outer package which is formed by overlapping a first member and a second member. The outer package includes: a housing portion which houses the electrode body; and a sealing portion which is formed along an outer circumference of the housing portion, by fusing and bending the first member and the second member, at a portion corresponding to the outer circumference of the housing portion.

Abstract: The present invention is an all-solid-state electrode body including: a positive electrode via that is formed in a negative electrode connection layer, and connects a plurality of a positive electrode connection layers adjacent to each other in a first direction; a negative electrode via that is formed in the positive electrode connection layer, and connects a plurality of the negative electrode connection layers adjacent to each other in the first direction; a positive electrode current collector layer which is exposed on a first surface that faces one side of the first direction in a stacked body, and is connected to the positive electrode connection layer via the positive electrode via; and a negative electrode current collector layer which is exposed on the first surface in the stacked body, and is connected to the negative electrode connection layer via the negative electrode via.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electrochemical cell including: an electrode body; an exterior packaging body in which a plurality of substrates including a first substrate formed from a ceramic material are stacked in the first direction, and a cavity in which the electrode body is accommodated is formed; a first electrode connection wiring that is formed in the exterior packaging body and connects a first electrode layer and an external substrate to each other; and a second electrode connection wiring that is forming in the exterior packaging body and connects a second electrode layer and the external substrate to each other. At least the first electrode connection wiring is formed in the first substrate, and an attachment portion, to which a fastening member configured to mount at least the first electrode connection wiring to the external substrate is attached, is formed in the first substrate.

Abstract: The present invention is an all-solid-state electrode body including: a positive electrode via that is formed in a negative electrode connection layer, and connects a plurality of a positive electrode connection layers adjacent to each other in a first direction; a negative electrode via that is formed in the positive electrode connection layer, and connects a plurality of the negative electrode connection layers adjacent to each other in the first direction; a positive electrode current collector layer which is exposed on a first surface that faces one side of the first direction in a stacked body, and is connected to the positive electrode connection layer via the positive electrode via; and a negative electrode current collector layer which is exposed on the first surface in the stacked body, and is connected to the negative electrode connection layer via the negative electrode via.

Abstract: In a method of reflow soldering, a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery is discharged to a first discharge voltage different from a second discharge voltage at an inflection point in a discharge curve of the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery having an axis of abscissa representing discharge capacity and an axis of ordinate representing discharge voltage. The discharged non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery is placed on a substrate which is then exposed to a reflow soldering temperature to reflow solder the non-aqueous secondary battery to the substrate. The first discharge voltage is higher than the second discharge voltage to prevent degradation of characteristics of the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery resulting from decomposition of the non-aqueous electrolyte due to reaction of the non-aqueous electrolyte with excessive lithium ions in the cathode active material when the non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery is exposed to the reflow soldering temperature.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell capable of reflow soldering has a terminal for connection to a circuit board. The terminal is fixed to either the positive pole can or the negative pole can, and the bottom surface of the other pole can which is not fixed to the terminal is provided with a layer consisting of at least one of Au, Sn, Sn-alloy and Ni.

Abstract: In a nonaqueous-electrolyte secondary-battery that is soldered to a circuit board by a reflow soldering process, there has been a problem that when a secondary battery that requires discharging a after assembling the battery that requires discharging after assembling the battery is subjected to reflow, battery characteristics degrade due to heat treatment. Discharge voltage at the end of the discharging is made to be higher than a discharge voltage value that is an inflectional value at the end of a voltage plateau region indicating a cell reaction in a discharge curve (discharge capacity in abscissa and discharge voltage in ordinate) of initial discharge, thereby degradation of the battery characteristics due to the reflow hear treatment can be suppressed.

Abstract: In an electrochemical cell, an area required for mounting is reduced by soldering one electrode of the electrochemical cell directly to a circuit board. Also a underlying plating was found which suppresses whisker generation in Sn or Sn-alloy.

Abstract: Heat in a reflow soldering may cause a reaction between the electrolyte liquid and the positive or negative pole active material to result in a rapid inflation or a burst in a battery. A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of a high capacity adaptable to reflow soldering can be produced by employing a positive pole active material or a negative pole active material constituted of particles coated with an oil repellent material.

Abstract: When trying to check the lamination structure of devices advanced in scaling and integration, SEM observation is insufficient in resolution. TEM observation presents a problem such that high throughputs cannot be achieved because it is required to prepare a sample for TEM observation. To include: a focused ion beam apparatus for processing a sample surface and preparing a sample chip; a pick-up apparatus for picking up the sample chip; a sample chip holder for securing the sample chip picked up; an argon ion beam irradiating apparatus for etching a surface of the sample chip secured to the sample chip holder with an argon ion beam; and a SPM for observing the surface of the sample chip secured to the sample chip holder.

Abstract: A method for producing an electrical double layer capacitor comprising the steps of assembling together components comprised of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a non-aqueous solvent, an electrolyte containing a supporting salt, a separator, and a gasket to form a coin- or button-type electrical double layer capacitor, heating the assembled coin- or button-type electrical double layer capacitor so that a temperature profile of the heating step is approximately the same as a temperature profile of reflow soldering, and welding an outer connection terminal to the heated assembled coin- or button-type electrical double layer capacitor after the heating step.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte rechargeable battery is resistant to the reflow temperature during reflow soldering. The non-aqueous electrolyte rechargeable battery has a positive electrode having an active material comprised of an oxide of molybdenum, a negative electrode comprised of lithium and SiO, an electrolytic solution comprised of a material containing a supporting salt and resistant to the reflow temperature during reflow soldering of the non-aqueous electrolyte rechargeable battery, and a gasket comprised of a compound selected from the group consisting of LCP, PEEK, PEN, and tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer resin.

Abstract: An electrical double layer capacitor has an electrolyte included of a non-aqueous solvent and a supporting salt dissolved in the non-aqueous solvent. A pair of polarizing electrodes are disposed in confronting relation with one another. A separator is disposed between the polarizing electrodes. The supporting salt contained in the electrolyte exists only in regions proximate a surface of the polarizing electrodes when the electrical double layer capacitor is fully charged. When the electrical double layer capacitor is charged at 3.3 V for 24 hours, a charged current after 24 hours is in the range of from about 5 &mgr;A/cm2 to about 22 &mgr;A/cm2 per unit area of the polarizing electrodes.

Abstract: An electrical double layer capacitor which causes no liquid leakage and capacity decrease due to the side reactions of the electrolyte and has a very low leak current. It holds an electrolyte which contains the supporting salt in such an amount that the ionized supporting salt in the electrolyte mostly migrates close to the surface of the electrode in the fully charged state, so that the electrolyte becomes almost an insulator when the electrical double layer has been formed by full charging. In addition, the positive electrode has a smaller capacity than the negative electrode, so that the capacitor has a high withstanding voltage.