Abstract: A hydrogen production system (X1) according to the present invention includes a reforming apparatus (Y1) having a vaporizer (1) and a reforming reactor (2), and a PSA apparatus (5). In the vaporizer (1) a mixed material (hydrocarbon-based material, water, and oxygen) is heated and vaporized. In the reforming reactor (2), steam reforming reaction and partial oxidation reaction of the hydrocarbon-based material take place at a time, so that reformed gas (containing hydrogen) is led out from the vaporized mixed material. In the PSA apparatus (5), the reformed gas is introduced into an adsorption tower loaded with an adsorbing agent, so that an unnecessary component in the gas is adsorbed by the adsorbing agent and hence hydrogen-rich gas is led out of the tower, while the unnecessary component is desorbed from the adsorbing agent, so that hydrogen-containing desorbed gas that contains the unnecessary component and hydrogen remaining in the tower is discharged out of the tower.

Abstract: A method for treating drain in hydrogen production includes steps of gasifying in a gasifier (1), reforming in a reformer (2), gas-liquid separation in a gas-liquid separator (4), PSA gas separation in a PSA separator (5) and evaporation in a drain treatment unit (6). In the gasifying, a mixed material containing methanol is heated and gasified. In the reforming, reformed gas containing hydrogen is produced from the mixed material by reforming reaction of methanol. In the gas-liquid separation, a liquid component is separated from the reformed gas and discharged as drain. In the PSA gas separation, hydrogen-rich gas and offgas are extracted from the reformed gas by PSA separation using an adsorption tower. In the gasifying, the offgas is burned, and the mixed material is heated by using the combustion gas as heat source. In the evaporation, drain is evaporated using the combustion gas after heating the mixed material as heat source.

Abstract: A method for treating drain in hydrogen production includes steps of gasifying in a gasifier (1), reforming in a reformer (2), gas-liquid separation in a gas-liquid separator (4), PSA gas separation in a PSA separator (5) and evaporation in a drain treatment unit (6). In the gasifying, a mixed material containing methanol is heated and gasified. In the reforming, reformed gas containing hydrogen is produced from the mixed material by reforming reaction of methanol. In the gas-liquid separation, a liquid component is separated from the reformed gas and discharged as drain. In the PSA gas separation, hydrogen-rich gas and offgas are extracted from the reformed gas by PSA separation using an adsorption tower. In the gasifying, the offgas is burned, and the mixed material is heated by using the combustion gas as heat source. In the evaporation, drain is evaporated using the combustion gas after heating the mixed material as heat source.

Abstract: A hydrogen production system (X1) according to the present invention includes a reforming apparatus (Y1) having a vaporizer (1) and a reforming reactor (2), and a PSA apparatus (5). In the vaporizer (1) a mixed material (hydrocarbon-based material, water, and oxygen) is heated and vaporized. In the reforming reactor (2), steam reforming reaction and partial oxidation reaction of the hydrocarbon-based material take place at a time, so that reformed gas (containing hydrogen) is led out from the vaporized mixed material. In the PSA apparatus (5), the reformed gas is introduced into an adsorption tower loaded with an adsorbing agent, so that an unnecessary component in the gas is adsorbed by the adsorbing agent and hence hydrogen-rich gas is led out of the tower, while the unnecessary component is desorbed from the adsorbing agent, so that hydrogen-containing desorbed gas that contains the unnecessary component and hydrogen remaining in the tower is discharged out of the tower.

Abstract: An improved wet-laid nonwoven fabric for a battery separator wherein 20 to 95% by weight of thermoplastic staple fibers having a single fiber diameter of 20 .mu.rm, or less are three-dimensionally entangled with hot-melt fibers having a melting point lower by 20.degree. C. than that of the thermoplastic staple fibers so that a mean fiber entangling point interval is 300 .mu.m or less, wherein at least part of the hot-melt fibers are fused to bond the fibers with each other to fix the nonwoven structure. The nonwoven fabric has a basis weight in a range from 10 to 350 g/m.sup.2, a thickness in a range from 30 to 1000 .mu.m and an apparent density in a range from 0.26 to 0.7 g/cm.sup.3, and is excellent in uniformity and mechanical strength. The wet-laid nonwoven fabric is particularly excellent in air permeability, liquid holding capability, liquid retention capability and liquid absorption rate and satisfies the requirement for a battery separator.

Abstract: In the analysis of hemoglobins in blood samples by chromatography, an increase in the pressure in a flow passage line is suppressed, a separation column is made durable against prolonged use by supplying phosphate-based buffer solutions as eluting solutions to a separation column and a solution containing not more than 100 mM of S-(carboxyalkyl)-L-cysteine and phosphate-based buffer agent thereto in the course of a series of analyzing steps.

Abstract: In the analysis of hemoglobins in blood samples by chromatography, an increase in the pressure in a flow passage line is suppressed, a separation column is made durable against prolonged use by supplying phosphate-based buffer solutions as eluting solutions to a separation column to a separation column and a solution containing not more than 100 mM of S-(carboxyalkyl)-L-cysteine and phosphate-based buffer agent thereto in the course of a series of analyzing steps.

Abstract: Stable hemoglobin A.sub.lc (s-A.sub.lc) can be separated from other hemoglobin components and quantitated in a short time by means of a liquid-chromatographic apparatus comprising a separation column packed with a packing material consisting essentially of a porous substance having a carboxyalkyl group combined thereinto, as ion exchanger, a means for injecting a sample into the separation column, a means for passing one or more eluents through the separation column, and a means for detecting hemoglobin, hemoglobin derivatives or glycosylated hemoglobin, the average particle size of the packing material in dry state being 4 .mu.m or less.

Abstract: A method for continuously treating a gas using an apparatus with a catalyst bed housed therein comprises the steps of passing a subject gas through the catalyst bed to adsorb the adsorbable substances in the subject gas thereto; and passing a regenerating gas through the catalyst bed adsorbed by the adsorbable substances in the subject gas to react and decompose them and simultaneously regenerate the catalyst bed. A particular apparatus is used with this method.By carrying out this method of the present invention using the gas treating apparatus, it is possible to continuously, efficiently and economically advantageously treat a gas containing a malodorous component, harmful component, organic solvent, hydrocarbon vapor or the like.

Abstract: A liquid chromatography system and a method of utilizing the same, comprising a plurality of separated-component vessels for collecting components eluted in a separation column, a flowing system conduit for component extraction through which the components separated in the separation column are individually delivered to the separated-component vessels. The system further comprises a flowing system conduit for sample introduction through which any of the separated components collected in the plurality of separated-component vessels is selectively drawn from its vessel and introduced to the upstream side of the separation column. The present invention allows a plurality of components in a sample of a mixture to be individual collected, and also allows any of the collected components to be re-separated selectively and automatically.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid chromatography based on a very small liquid feeding rate, where a liquid sample containing components to be detected, such as anion species, is mixed with an eluting solution, the resulting liquid mixture is continuously passed through a separation column, whereby the components to be detected are held in the separation column, then a predetermined amount of an extraction liquid as an aliquot is injected into the stream of the liquid mixture, and the liquid mixture is continuously passed through the separation column after the injected extraction liquid has passed through the separation column. The thus obtained chromatogram has peaks corresponding to the consumptions of the components to be detected in the liquid mixture.According to the present invention the unpractical problem that a very trace amount of a liquid sample has been so far injected when a flow rate of the eluting solution is low can be completely solved.

Abstract: Desired components can be simply and economically separated and recovered from a sample solution having a complicated composition through a liquid chromatography by passing the sample solution through a separation column, thereby separating components contained therein in the separation column, then selectively passing the eluate from the separation column through a trapping column according to a desired component, thereby trapping the desired component in the trapping column, while discarding or recycling the effluent eluate from the trapping column, and then passing another eluting solution composed of a volatile substance when dried under reduced pressure through the trapping column, thereby recovering eluate containing the desired component from the trapping column.

Abstract: A sample leaving a separation column of liquid chromatograph is led to an electrolytic cell to obtain an electrolytic current corresponding to the amount of an assayed sample component. The electrolytic cell is divided into two compartments by an ion exchange pipe penetrating therethrough at the center. One compartment is a cylindrical working electrode chamber in the pipe, and the other compartment is a cylindrical chamber for a counterelectrode outside the pipe. A working electrode comprising a bundle of electroconductive carbon fibers is provided in the working electrode chamber, and preferably a swellable rod is inserted as a core into the working electrode. In the chamber for the counterelectrode, a cylindrical counterelectrode made of carbon fibers is provided to surround the outside surface of the ion exchange pipe. The inner diameter of the ion exchange pipe is substantially equal to the inner diameter of a tube for introducing the sample.

Abstract: In a method for assaying maltose to quantitatively determine amylase, which comprises an enzyme membrane having immobilized .alpha.-glucosidase and glucose oxidase, the present invention is an improvement of the enzyme electrode for assaying maltose, where a hydrogen peroxide electrode provided with a palladium cathode is used.

Abstract: An apparatus for electrochemically measuring clinical emergency check items of blood for a short time by flowthrough system, using a small amount of whole blood as a blood sample, which comprises a blood pH/gas component sensor unit, an electrolyte component sensor unit, and/or a biochemical component sensor unit, arranged in series in this order, a sampler and these sensor units being communicated with one another through a blood sample flow passage or channel, each of the sensor units being provided with sensor electrodes and at least one reference electrode as electrochemical sensor means.Detected values from each of the sensor units are transmitted to a computer or calculator through a current amplifier and/or a differential amplifier for a differential voltage from the voltage of the reference electrode to compute pH, pressure, or concentrations from the detected values, and numerically displayed on a display device connected to the computer.

Abstract: A track-type vehicle undercarriage comprising a track frame, a carrier rail mounted on the track frame, a track rail fixedly secured to the track frame underneath thereof, a recoil device mounted on the track frame, a support member fixedly connected to the recoil device and biased forwardly thereby, a front rail rotatably mounted on the support member, a sprocket, and an endless track of linked together track shoes mounted on the carrier rail, front rail, track rail and sprocket.

Abstract: A disease diagnostic method and apparatus in which a two-dimensional pattern diagram representing the relation between integrated values of peaks and the retention times in a chromatogram of substances in a body fluid of a subject is obtained to be geographically compared, for disease diagnostic purpose, with a two-dimensional pattern diagram representing the relation between integrated values of peaks and the retention times in a chromatogram obtained through separating and detecting substances in a body fluid of a normal person, and also with two-dimensional pattern diagrams representing the relation between integrated values of peaks and the retention times in chromatograms obtained through separating and detecting substances in a body fluid of abnormal patients classified by diseases.

Abstract: A gas detecting means of this invention is provided with a discharge section which radiates light by electric discharge, a detecting section which collects an ion current of a sample gas ionized by the light, and an optical path which connects the discharge and the detecting sections. The discharge is formed by a pointed cathode and an anode having a penetration hole. The tip of the pointed cathode is directed to the optical path. The diameter of the penetration hole of the anode is smaller than that of the optical path. The anode is disposed in such a manner that any peripheral part of an inlet of the penetration hole is at an equal distance from the tip of the cathode. Both the discharge section and the detecting section are shielded electrically by an outer shell of metal.

Abstract: A definite, but large amount of a sample solution is fed to a small concentration column filled with a packing material to retain in the concentration column components to be measured in the sample solution. Then, a small amount of a desorbing solution is fed to the concentration column to desorb the components retained in the concentration column. The effluent solution containing the desorbed components is fed to a separation column filled with a packing material. An eluting solution is fed to the separation column to separate the components from one another, and the components are detected by a detector.Since the components are separated from one another after their concentrations have been elevated, and thus the components can be measured with a high sensitivity.

Abstract: A separation column for separating and developing a sample to be analyzed is connected to a pump for feeding an eluting solution at an end of the separation column. A means for introducing the sample to be analyzed is provided between the pump and the separation column. Another end of the separation column is connected to an electrochemical detection means through a mixing means. To the mixing means is connected a pump for feeding a catalyst solution capable of promoting an electrode reaction of the sample contained in an eluate solution. A mixture solution of the eluate solution and the catalyst solution from the mixing means is fed to a detection means to quantitatively determine the sample.