Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting document data enabling transfer of document data over a communication path assigned the highest possible priority among a plurality of communication paths. First, an attempt is made to transfer document data over the highest-priority communication path. If the attempt has failed, the document data are transferred over a communication path which is lower in priority than the highest-priority communication path. After information for one page of text data has been transferred over the lower-priority communication path, an attempt is again made to transfer the remaining part of text data over the highest-priority communication path.

Abstract: A road path searching apparatus applicable to a car navigation system is disclosed. Road map data with different level of detail for defining a predetermined area is stored previously in a memory device. First, nodes Nai and Nbj adjacent to each of the search nodes Pa and PB are detected based on map data having a high level of detail. When nodes Nai and Nbj exist on a map of a lower level of detail, a map of one lower level of detail is selected as a map to be used in the searching process. Accordingly, as following searching process is performed based on the map data of lower level of detail, required processing time is reduced.

Abstract: A tunnel lining process and an apparatus for use in the process in the prior art are improved in order to greatly enhance a lining speed and to facilitate the work of placing concreate for lining. The improvements reside in that a pressing form for pressing a tunnel concrete lining and a side form to be positioned on the side of the pressing form opposite to an already placed concrete lining are constructed as separate bodies in distinction from the prior art. After the pressing form and the side form have been disposed along an excavated surface of a tunnel, lining concrete is placed in a space delimited by the both forms, the excavated surface and the already placed concrete lining so as to press the lining concrete onto the excavated surface to be lined.

Abstract: A submerged tundish nozzle for continuous casting wherein substantially H-shaped delivery ports are opened outward on the outer periphery of a nozzle closed at the lower end as opposed to the short side walls of a mold and, as required, said delivery ports are formed as directed a little upward or a deflecting plate of an arrowhead-shaped cross-section is set at a small distance in front of the delivery port.Further, substantially I-shaped delivery ports may be made between those delivery ports.