Abstract: A lighting device that includes a light source, a first optical element configured to convert light emitted from the light source into substantially parallel light, and a plurality of second optical elements arranged in a first direction. Each of the plurality of second optical elements has a light incident surface. Each of the plurality of second optical elements guides at least a portion of the substantially parallel light incident on the light incident surface in a second direction intersecting the first direction and guides another portion in the first direction.

Abstract: In a dry cleaner, after clothes 2 is washed, the washing solvent contained in the washed clothes 2 is dissolved into a liquid perfluorocarbon 4a being heated at its boiling point or thereabout in order to remove the washing solvent. Thereafter, drying of the clothes 2 is performed by mainly aiming to evaporate the liquid perfluorocarbon 4a contained in the clothes 2. Since the drying is targeted on the liquid perfluorocarbon, the time required for drying clothes can markedly reduced.

Abstract: In a dry cleaner, after clothes 2 is washed, the washing solvent contained in the washed clothes 2 is dissolved into a liquid perfluorocarbon 4a being heated at its boiling point or thereabout in order to remove the washing solvent. Thereafter, drying of the clothes 2 is performed by mainly aiming to evaporate the liquid perfluorocarbon 4a contained in the clothes 2. Since the drying is targeted on the liquid perfluorocarbon, the time required for drying clothes can markedly reduced.

Abstract: A process for methanol which comprises cracking 100 moles of methanol in admixture with 1 to 99 moles of water, thereby obtaining a gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide, is described. The process is preferably carried out using a catalyst which consists of a carrier comprising copper and chromium oxides with or without manganese oxide and/or barium oxide and a catalytic component of nickel oxide or a mixture of nickel oxide and a basic oxide.