Abstract: A fixing portion is provided so that the position of a guide wire (1) relative to an endoscope (2) is fixed lest it change by means of a retaining wire (12) that has one end coupled to the distal end portion side of a guide wire body (11) and the other end extending to the proximal end portion side of the guide wire body (11).

Abstract: An endoscope for treatment suitable to the treatment in a body cavity comprises an elongated soft observing optical unit having at least an observing optical system; and a unit inserting tool having a unit inserting channel in which the observing optical unit is inserted and a treatment tool inserting channel in which a treatment tool is inserted. The unit inserting channel of the unit inserting tool has a branching portion at which the unit inserting channel is branched into a first inserting channel and a second inserting channel. An observing window which is arranged at the end opening of the first inserting channel is provided in a surface at the distal-end and an observing window which is arranged at the end opening of the second inserting channel is provided in a surface at the halfway portion.

Abstract: A holding member has an opening portion which opens to an distal end. The opening portion, the distal end of an endoscope and a holding member define a treatment space. A clamping member can project and retreat from and into the opening portion through the treatment space. The puncture member can move in the treatment space, in a direction that intersects with the longitudinal direction of the endoscope.

Abstract: In the case where the living tissues in the patient's body is resected as well, it is possible to suture the resected portion immediately without replacement with another treatment device after resection. Thus, prevention of bleeding from the resected portion or earlier repair of an ulcer that occurs with the resected portion can be carried out for the patent lowly invasively and easily.

Abstract: There is provided a flexible guide tube which guides an endoscope or a therapeutic device into an abdominal cavity through the mouth and stomach to conduct an observation or a therapeutic treatment in the abdominal cavity. The guide tube includes an insertion section which has a distal end, a peripheral section, and a central axis, and which is capable of being inserted into a body through the mouth, and two expandable and shrinkable balloons arranged in the vicinity of the distal end at a predetermined distance from each other in the axial direction on the periphery of the insertion section. The predetermined distance is preferably set to 3 to 8 mm, and the length of the insertion section is preferably set to about 600 to 1000 mm.

Abstract: There is provided an endoscopic system.

Abstract: A medical ligating apparatus comprises a medical ligating device consisting of a ligating member which consists of a flexible wire rod and ligates living tissues, and a fixing member which is movably provided at the ligating member and fixes the living tissues in a ligated state, a manipulating device having a flexible sheath and a proximal manipulating section, and cutting means for cutting the ligating member, the cutting means being provided on the manipulating device and being movably provided on the ligating member.

Abstract: A tissue puncturing system used to suture tissues in a body cavity including: an endoscope; a flexible sheath having a distal portion provided with at least a side opening and a lumen, through which an endoscope may pass; at least one mechanism for puncturing tissue disposed in the flexible sheath, and having a pointed end, which is movable from a first position to a second position; and an operation mechanism for moving the mechanism for puncturing between the first and second positions.

Abstract: An endoscopic instrument used for endoscopically suturing tissue in the living body.

Abstract: A suturing device for an endoscope includes a curved needle rotatably attached on the distal end of the suturing device. A rotary member is provided on the rotation axis of the curved needle for rotating said curved needle and a connecting arm connects the curved needle to the rotary member. The center of curvature of the curved needle is aligned with the rotation axis of the curved needle and engaging means are provided at least at the pointed end of the curved needle for receiving thread.

Abstract: An endoscopic instrument used to form an artificial valve for treating gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Abstract: A fixing portion is provided so that the position of a guide wire relative to an endoscope is fixed lest it change by means of a retaining wire that has one end coupled to the distal end portion side of a guide wire body and the other end extending to the proximal end portion side of the guide wire body.

Abstract: A medical indwelling tube for forming a passage at a predetermined portion where the tube is placed comprising a tube member having at least an inner surface portion of an inner cavity formed of thermal plastic resin, and means for setting surface roughness of the inner surface of the tube member to 0.5 .mu.m or less by an expression of maximum height Ry, thereby preventing deposition of bacteria and matters in body fluids on the inner surface of the tube caused by a bacteria adhering phenomenon.

Abstract: Heat pipes comprising an outer tubular material closed at both ends, a wick of metal fibers, an inner tubular material covered with the wick and inserted in the outer tubular material and a heat transfer volatile liquid confined in the closed outer tubular material. An evaporation region and a condensing region are respectively constituted in the end portions of the outer tubular material. The liquid in the evaporation region vaporizes when heated and the vapor is passed to the condensing region to condense while giving the heat of the vapor to other materials outside the heat pipe, and the condensed liquid is returned to the evaporation region by the capillary action of said wick, thus repeating a cycle of the evaporation and condensation.

Abstract: Heat pipes comprising an outer tubular material closed at both ends, a wick of metal fibers, an inner tubular material covered with the wick and inserted in the outer tubular material and a heat transfer volatile liquid confined in the closed outer tubular material. An evaporation region and a condensing region are respectively constituted in the end portions of the outer tubular material. The liquid in the evaporation region vaporizes when heated and the vapor is passed to the condensing region to condense while giving the heat of the vapor to other materials outside the heat pipe, and the condensed liquid is returned to the evaporation region by the capillary action of said wick, thus repeating a cycle of the evaporation and condensation.