Abstract: An in-vehicle network system deployed in a vehicle includes a plurality of first nodes configured to perform an operation relevant to a first function in the vehicle, a second node configured to perform an operation relevant to a second function different from the first function in the vehicle; and a relay device configured to relay communication between the first nodes and the second node. The relay device is configured to start relay of communication between the first nodes earlier than the relay of communication between the first node and the second node at a time of startup.

Abstract: A discharging furnace and a filling furnace are disposed in three dimensions in the upper and lower positions of a filling and discharging furnace. A reservoir is provided in an inclined surface protruding toward the lower filling furnace. The reservoir includes a valve operatively connected thereto. A hot blast heated by a duct heater through a duct is mainly fed into the discharging furnace for further heating, while a remaining small portion of the hot blast is fed into the filling furnace for keeping the filling furnace warm. Inside the discharging furnace, a filling material filled in a bent workpiece is molten and discharged into the reservoir and when the valve is opened, the gathered filling material is filled into the inside of the workpiece which is carried by a filling carrier. The filling carrier is divided into three portions of a filling pallet, a carrier body and a sealing pallet, wherein the filling pallet is provided with a nozzle and the sealing pallet is provided with a seal member.

Abstract: A filling material such as a fatty acid is filled into a metallic pipe in a molten state. The metallic pipe is then bent at a room temperature in a condition in which the filling material is solidified. After the bending work has been finished, the filling material is melted and discharged out of the pipe. The filling material may be a mixture of a fatty acid and a powdery additive.