Abstract: An aberration correction system having a first lens disposed at an object side; and a second lens disposed at an image side, wherein the first and second lenses have different dispersions (Abbe numbers) with respect to each other, the surface of the object side of the first lens and the surface of the image side of the second lens which is adjacent to the image have substantially common center of curvature and the first and second lenses rotate around the center of curvature.

Abstract: A measuring method and apparatus for measuring the shape of an optical surface using Fizeau interference is disclosed. The states of three surfaces are determined by measuring Fizeau fringes between all possible pairs of said surfaces. In at least one of these measurements means for reversing the coordinate axis in the beam is provided.

Abstract: A projecting device comprising an array of axial element lens systems, wherein each element lens system includes a single bar lens having an axial length larger than the effective aperture and adapted to form an intermediate image of a pixel of the object plane and an erect image of a magnification of unity not vertically nor laterally inverted in such a manner that the light intensity on the image plane corresponding to said pixel is defined in the form of Gaussian distribution by the eclipse of the aperture. The element lens systems are arranged in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis so as to cause the light intensity distributions of said systems to mutually overlap in the peripheral areas thereof on the image plane, wherein each row of the systems in the array is displaced by a half pitch with respect to the neighboring row to constitute a staggered arrangement thereby achieving a uniform exposure distribution, integrated in time, in the scanning direction.

Abstract: A compound eye projection device includes a first lens and a second lens equal in shape and power. These two lenses are disposed with their optical axis being coincident with each other and together constitute an element lens system. A plurality of such element lens systems are arranged in a line form in a predetermined direction to thereby form a projection device.

Abstract: A projection apparatus for forming an image of original on a photosensitive material opposed to the plane of the original. The projection apparatus has a projecting system composed of a plurality of projection optical system arrays. Each individual projection optical system is composed of a first and a second lens coaxially disposed and having a relatively large length as compared with its effective lens diameter respectively. The first lens is an exit side telecentric lens whereas the second one is an incident side telecentric lens. The first lens forms an intermediate image of a portion of the original on a plane between the first and second lenses and the second lens reforms the intermediate image on the photosensitive material.

Abstract: A projecting device is disclosed which has plural element lens systems arranged in at least two rows in a staggered fashion in two grooved blocks, with one row displaced relative to the adjacent row by a distance equal to half the pitch of the adjacent row. Each lens system is composed of at least one bar lens for imaging a part of the object as a part of the corresponding image. An opaque elastomer material fills the space between the rows for preventing light from entering into the space while allowing the positional relation between the rows to be fine-adjusted.

Abstract: This specification discloses a projection device in which bar lenses of plastic, each having a great length in the direction of its optical axis as compared with its effective diameter, of the lenses are arranged in the form of a predetermined array. The bar lenses are shielded from the outside atmosphere by a holding member capable of easily setting the lenses. Further, transparent plates, such as glass plates or the like, are provided at the incidence end and the emergence end to seal the holding member, so that there occurs no deterioration of the predetermined optical performance resulting from variations in the environmental humidity which would otherwise cause variations in the plastic material.

Abstract: This specification discloses a projection device in which a plurality of element lens systems for projecting a part area of an object onto a predetermined part area on the image plane at erect one-to-one magnification are arranged parallel to one another in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis. Each element lens system is a telecentric system comprising three thin lenses of the same shape arranged in the direction of the optical axis, and an intermediate lens is provided at a position deviated from the intermediate point between the object side lens and the image plane side lens.

Abstract: A projecting device having an array, in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis, of plural element lens systems each axially provided with two bar lenses of an axial length larger than the effective diameter thereof, characterized by the presence of an intermediate ring positioned between two bar lenses for extracting the effective beam emerging from the first bar lens and entering the second bar lens and providing a determined light intensity distribution on the projection plane.

Abstract: In a slit exposure type copying machine, a projection device basically includes transmission type element lens systems each including a lens having a great length in the direction of the optic axis thereof as compared with the effective diameter thereof. A part area of an original is projected upon a predetermined part area on an image plane and the light intensity distribution of the projected part area has a predetermined central area controlled by lens aperture eclipse and extending diametrically from at least the optic axis and a marginal area lying outwardly of the central area and weak in light intensity. A plurality of such element lens systems are substantially equidistantly arranged in the lengthwise direction of the slit in a plane perpendicular to the optic axis so that the marginal areas in at least the element lens systems are superposed upon one another.

Abstract: In a projecting apparatus which focuses the image of an object on an intermediate mirror through a lens array and finally projects the reflected image onto a projection plane again through said lens array, a polarizing beam splitter is provided between the object plane and the lens array to reduce the light loss and to compactize the apparatus.

Abstract: This specification discloses a compact projection device in which lens systems extending in the direction of the optic axis for projecting a part area of an object upon a predetermined part area on an image plane (hereinafter referred to as element lens systems) are initially set by a lens holding member having groove portions or hole portions extending in the direction of the optic axis, the distributions of intensity of light of the element lens systems on the image plane are controlled by an aperture eclipse such that the intensity of light is weaker in the marginal area than at least in the central area, a plurality of such element lens systems are arranged in a predetermined direction in a plane perpendicular to the optic axis and the distributions of intensity of light of the element lens systems are suitably superposed upon one another at least in the marginal area to provide uniformity of the distribution of the exposure amount integrated in the scanning direction with respect to the lengthwise direct

Abstract: An ommateal image projector of a type, in which a single or a plurality of rows of the so-called bar lenses having a longer length in the direction of its optical axis than the effective lens diameter thereof are arranged, each bar lens projecting a partial image of an object to be projected onto a mirror surface, and the partial image formed on this mirror surface forming again this partial image onto the image projecting surface by the same bar lens. The entire image of the object is formed on the projecting surface by row of the bar lenses, and the total image thus formed is an erected image.

Abstract: The present invention includes asymmetrical Fourier transform lens systems for use in performing optical Fourier transforms. The present invention also treats the application of an aberration theory to the design of such lens systems. The aberration theory leads to the conclusion that the lens systems not always necessitate symmetrical configuration and to a provision of necessary conditions which the resulting lens systems should satisfy. One embodiment of the first subsystem comprises at least three lens components each of which is composed of at least two lens elements. In a complete optical Fourier transform lens system, the second subsystem of the same construction as that of the first subsystem is arranged in longitudinally inverted relation thereto.