Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having antiviral activity, especially having arenavirus proliferation inhibitory activity, and/or a medicament comprising the compound. More preferably, the present invention provides a compound having proliferation inhibitory activity on the Old World arenaviruses such as Luna virus, Lassa virus, and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and/or the New World arenaviruses such as Junin virus, and/or a medicament comprising the compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having the basic structure shown by Formula (I) in which the indole ring and the pyrazolopyridine structure is bound through a substituent, a salt thereof or a solvate of either the compound or a salt of the compound, as well as a preventative agent or a therapeutic agent for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (Type 2 diabetes) or obesity containing such compound, salt or solvate as an active ingredient.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having the basic structure shown by Formula (I) in which the indole ring and the pyrazolopyridine structure is bound through a substituent, a salt thereof or a solvate of either the compound or a salt of the compound, as well as a preventative agent or a therapeutic agent for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (Type 2 diabetes) or obesity containing such compound, salt or solvate as an active ingredient.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes: a cylinder having a combustion chamber formed at an upper side thereof and accommodating a piston to be reciprocally movable; a crankcase provided below the cylinder and accommodates a crankshaft; and a blow-by gas passageway recirculating blow-by gas, which leaks into the crankcase from the combustion chamber, to the combustion chamber through an intake system, in which an inner surface portion of the crankcase is provided with a blow-by gas intake part, and the blow-by gas intake part includes a protruding portion protruding in a direction in which the crankshaft extends, and the intake port opened in the protruding direction is formed at a tip end portion of the protruding portion.

Abstract: An intake system of an internal combustion engine with a supercharger includes: a negative pressure control valve which is disposed in the upstream side than an intake side supercharger in an intake passage; a first external gas introduction passage which introduces a single external gas made of blow-by gas, at a part of the intake passage which is on the upstream side of the intake side supercharger and on the downstream side of the negative pressure control valve; and a fresh air introduction passage which introduces fresh air to an internal combustion engine main body from the upstream side of the negative pressure control valve.

Abstract: An oil separator includes: a collecting member that collects an oil mist included in blow-by gas of an internal combustion engine; and an oil separator portion inside which the collecting member is disposed, in which the collecting member includes a plurality of wire net members stacked along a flow direction of the blow-by gas.

Abstract: This internal combustion engine includes an oil seal attached to a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine main body, and a cover member including an oil seal securing portion for securing the oil seal attached to the crankshaft, the cover member including a first main body attachment portion which is arranged in a vicinity of the oil seal securing portion and which is for attaching the cover member to the internal combustion engine main body by a first fastening member.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes: a cylinder having a combustion chamber formed at an upper side thereof and accommodating a piston to be reciprocally movable; a crankcase provided below the cylinder and accommodates a crankshaft; and a blow-by gas passageway recirculating blow-by gas, which leaks into the crankcase from the combustion chamber, to the combustion chamber through an intake system, in which an inner surface portion of the crankcase is provided with a blow-by gas intake part, and the blow-by gas intake part includes a protruding portion protruding in a direction in which the crankshaft extends, and the intake port opened in the protruding direction is formed at a tip end portion of the protruding portion.

Abstract: An oil separator includes: a collecting member that collects an oil mist included in blow-by gas of an internal combustion engine; and an oil separator portion inside which the collecting member is disposed, in which the collecting member includes a plurality of wire net members stacked along a flow direction of the blow-by gas.

Abstract: An intake system of an internal combustion engine with a supercharger includes: a negative pressure control valve which is disposed in the upstream side than an intake side supercharger in an intake passage; a first external gas introduction passage which introduces a single external gas made of blow-by gas, at a part of the intake passage which is on the upstream side of the intake side supercharger and on the downstream side of the negative pressure control valve; and a fresh air introduction passage which introduces fresh air to an internal combustion engine main body from the upstream side of the negative pressure control valve.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder block, an auxiliary machinery attachment member arranged at a side wall of the cylinder block, the auxiliary machinery attachment member to which an auxiliary machine is attached, and a separator portion disposed in a void between the cylinder block and the auxiliary machinery attachment member, the separator portion being provided as a separate member from the cylinder block and the auxiliary machinery attachment member to perform gas-liquid separation on blow-by gas.

Abstract: This internal combustion engine includes an oil seal attached to a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine main body, and a cover member including an oil seal securing portion for securing the oil seal attached to the crankshaft, the cover member including a first main body attachment portion which is arranged in a vicinity of the oil seal securing portion and which is for attaching the cover member to the internal combustion engine main body by a first fastening member.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes: a chain cover that is attached to an internal combustion engine main body having a crankshaft; an oil seal that is mounted on the crankshaft in the vicinity of the chain cover; a metallic oil seal fixing member that is disposed on a surface of the chain cover and fixes the oil seal, the surface being present opposite to the internal combustion engine main body; and a first sealing member that is disposed between the oil sealing fixing member and the chain cover.

Abstract: A valve timing control apparatus includes: a drive-side rotor rotating in synchronization with a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine; a driven-side rotor arranged to have the same shaft center as the drive-side rotor, rotating in synchronization with a camshaft for opening and closing valves; a fluid pressure chamber formed between the drive-side driven-side rotors; a partitioning portion provided in at least one of the drive-side and driven-side rotors; a timing advance chamber and a timing delay chamber formed by partitioning the fluid pressure chamber by the partitioning portion; a lock mechanism including a lock member and a concave portion a lock release flow path through which operating fluid supplied and discharged to and from the concave portion is circulated; a valve arranged in the middle of the lock release flow path; and a control unit controlling the operation of the valve.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder block, an auxiliary machinery attachment member arranged at a side wall of the cylinder block, the auxiliary machinery attachment member to which an auxiliary machine is attached, and a separator portion disposed in a void between the cylinder block and the auxiliary machinery attachment member, the separator portion being provided as a separate member from the cylinder block and the auxiliary machinery attachment member to perform gas-liquid separation on blow-by gas.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes: a chain cover that is attached to an internal combustion engine main body having a crankshaft; an oil seal that is mounted on the crankshaft in the vicinity of the chain cover; a metallic oil seal fixing member that is disposed on a surface of the chain cover and fixes the oil seal, the surface being present opposite to the internal combustion engine main body; and a first sealing member that is disposed between the oil sealing fixing member and the chain cover.

Abstract: A valve timing control apparatus includes a driving-side rotation member, a driven-side rotation member, a first lock mechanism selectively achieving a first lock state in which a relative rotation phase of the driven-side rotation member relative to the driving-side rotation member is locked at an intermediate lock phase and a first lock release state, and a second lock mechanism selectively achieving a second lock state in which the relative rotation phase is locked at one of a most advanced angle phase and a most retarded angle phase and a second lock release state, the driven-side rotation member being rotatable relative to the driving-side rotation member by a first clearance angle in the first lock state, the driven-side rotation member being rotatable relative to the driving-side rotation member by a second clearance angle in the second lock state, the second clearance angle being smaller than the first clearance angle.

Abstract: A valve timing control apparatus includes a driving-side rotation member, a driven-side rotation member, and a lock mechanism including a recess portion, a lock member engageable and disengageable relative to the recess portion, and a biasing member. The recess portion includes a lock groove portion with which the lock member is configured to engage to lock a relative rotation phase at a lock phase, and a restriction groove portion. The lock groove portion includes a lock bottom surface and the restriction groove portion includes a restriction bottom surface. A second depth from an opening position of the recess portion to the restriction bottom surface is smaller than a first depth from the opening position to the lock bottom surface. The second depth from the opening position to the restriction bottom surface is smaller than a third depth from the restriction bottom surface to the lock bottom surface.

Abstract: A valve timing control apparatus includes: a drive-side rotor rotating in synchronization with a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine; a driven-side rotor arranged to have the same shaft center as the drive-side rotor, rotating in synchronization with a camshaft for opening and closing valves; a fluid pressure chamber formed between the drive-side driven-side rotors; a partitioning portion provided in at least one of the drive-side and driven-side rotors; a timing advance chamber and a timing delay chamber formed by partitioning the fluid pressure chamber by the partitioning portion; a lock mechanism including a lock member and a concave portion a lock release flow path through which operating fluid supplied and discharged to and from the concave portion is circulated; a valve arranged in the middle of the lock release flow path; and a control unit controlling the operation of the valve.

Abstract: A valve timing control apparatus includes a driving-side rotation member, a driven-side rotation member, a first lock mechanism selectively achieving a first lock state in which a relative rotation phase of the driven-side rotation member relative to the driving-side rotation member is locked at an intermediate lock phase and a first lock release state, and a second lock mechanism selectively achieving a second lock state in which the relative rotation phase is locked at one of a most advanced angle phase and a most retarded angle phase and a second lock release state, the driven-side rotation member being rotatable relative to the driving-side rotation member by a first clearance angle in the first lock state, the driven-side rotation member being rotatable relative to the driving-side rotation member by a second clearance angle in the second lock state, the second clearance angle being smaller than the first clearance angle.