Abstract: This invention is a multiple reflection type cell that makes it possible to reduce a dead space resulting from a position adjusting mechanism and to adjust the light to a desired optical path length without complicating a structure. The multiple reflection type cell comprises a cell body where a cell chamber is formed, two or more reflecting members that are mounted on the cell body and whose reflecting surfaces locate in the cell chamber, and a position adjusting mechanism that adjusts a position of the reflecting member relative to the cell body. The cell body has a mounting part that communicates the cell chamber and the outside and on which the reflecting members are mounted. A seal member that seals a gap between the cell chamber and the outside of the cell body is arranged between the reflecting member mounted on the mounting part and the cell body so that the gap between the cell chamber and the outsider of the cell body is sealed by the seal member.

Abstract: This invention is a multiple reflection type cell that makes it possible to reduce a dead space resulting from a position adjusting mechanism and to adjust the light to a desired optical path length without complicating a structure. The multiple reflection type cell comprises a cell body where a cell chamber is formed, two or more reflecting members that are mounted on the cell body and whose reflecting surfaces locate in the cell chamber, and a position adjusting mechanism that adjusts a position of the reflecting member relative to the cell body. The cell body has a mounting part that communicates the cell chamber and the outside and on which the reflecting members are mounted. A seal member that seals a gap between the cell chamber and the outside of the cell body is arranged between the reflecting member mounted on the mounting part and the cell body so that the gap between the cell chamber and the outsider of the cell body is sealed by the seal member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image process part that creates image data including pixel values of a process color image and pixel values of white which becomes a base of the process color image based on image forming data, and an image forming process part that forms the image on a medium using a process color developer and a white developer based on the image data. Wherein, the image process part that determines a black portion in which a combination of the pixel values of the process color image is regarded as black and a non-black portion in which the combination of the pixel values of the process color image is regarded as a color other than black, and identifies the pixel values of white for the base of the process color image in the image data such that an usage amount of the white developer for the black portion is less than that for the non-black portion.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image process part that creates image data including pixel values of a process color image and pixel values of white which becomes a base of the process color image based on image forming data, and an image forming process part that forms the image on a medium using a process color developer and a white developer based on the image data. Wherein, the image process part that determines a black portion in which a combination of the pixel values of the process color image is regarded as black and a non-black portion in which the combination of the pixel values of the process color image is regarded as a color other than black, and identifies the pixel values of white for the base of the process color image in the image data such that an usage amount of the white developer for the black portion is less than that for the non-black portion.

Abstract: The X-ray detection apparatus is equipped with an X-ray irradiation unit, an X-ray detector, and a movable collimator having a plurality of apertures. The collimator is provided with a window unit through which light passes, and the apertures and the window unit are aligned in one direction. The collimator moves in the direction so as to change the diameter of an aperture for narrowing X-rays from the X-ray irradiation unit to be used for irradiation of a sample and move to a position to allow an imaging unit to photograph a sample through the window unit. It becomes possible to photograph a sample even in a state where the X-ray irradiation unit, the X-ray detector and the collimator are positioned proximally to each other.

Abstract: The X-ray detection apparatus is equipped with an X-ray irradiation unit, an X-ray detector, and a movable collimator having a plurality of apertures. The collimator is provided with a window unit through which light passes, and the apertures and the window unit are aligned in one direction. The collimator moves in the direction so as to change the diameter of an aperture for narrowing X-rays from the X-ray irradiation unit to be used for irradiation of a sample and move to a position to allow an imaging unit to photograph a sample through the window unit. It becomes possible to photograph a sample even in a state where the X-ray irradiation unit, the X-ray detector and the collimator are positioned proximally to each other.

Abstract: A carriage case, in which electronical parts are received for transportation, is provided as being capable of securely holding such parts therein and preventing them from being damaged and hampering dust from attaching on them with the removal of electrostatic charge and reducing gas detrimental to such parts to the minimum. The carriage case comprises: a case body having a base member and a cover member; and a sheet member that is made from an adhesive material of curable composition essentially consisting of component (A): a polyoxyalkylene based polymer having more than one alkenyl groups in one molecule, component (B): a compound having at least two hydrosilyl groups in one molecule and component (C): a hydrosilylation catalyst. The sheet member is applied on an inner bottom side surface of the base member and on the sheet member. The parts are attached so as to be securely positioned in the case.

Abstract: A printer includes an output unit, a management unit, and a transmission unit. The output unit outputs an image onto print paper. The management unit monitors an operating state of the output unit, and manages operating state information. The transmission unit transmits managed operating state information in response to an operating state acquisition request from a host device. Upon receipt of a request for obtaining operating state information from the host device, if the printer is set as a first device in tandem operation, the transmission unit does not transmit the operating state information to the host device. If the printer is set as a second device in tandem operation, the transmission unit transmits the managed operating state information including operating state information on the printer and operating state information on the first device to the host device.

Abstract: In a print data forming apparatus, a color conversion information storing section stores plural color conversion information, a mode shift detecting section detects a shift to an image converting mode, an image conversion processing section forms plural printer characteristics images based on the stored respective color conversion information from received drawing data, a monitor image conversion processing section converts the printer characteristics images into plural monitor characteristics images which can be displayed on a monitor, and an input section requests a selection of a specific one of the displayed monitor characteristics images. An unnecessary consumption amount of sheets and toner is avoided in color reproducing mode settings of the print data forming apparatus having color conversion tables.

Abstract: A carriage case, in which electronical parts are received for transportation, is provided as being capable of securely holding such parts therein and preventing them from being damaged and hampering dust from attaching on them with the removal of electrostatic charge and reducing gas detrimental to such parts to the minimum. The carriage case comprises: a case body having a base member and a cover member; and a sheet member that is made from an adhesive material of curable composition essentially consisting of component (A): a polyoxyalkylene based polymer having more than one alkenyl groups in one molecule, component (B): a compound having at least two hydrosilyl groups in one molecule and component (C): a hydrosilylation catalyst. The sheet member is applied on an inner bottom side surface of the base member and on the sheet member. The parts are attached so as to be securely positioned in the case.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and substrate examining device that sequentially and automatically measures at least the thickness and the internal stress of the thin film at a predetermined measurement point on the surface of every manufactured semiconductor substrate to perform quality control on each substrate, and reliably recognizes the cause of defects to improve productivity. The examining device and method accurately analyzes the correlation between film thickness and stress to establish the manufacturing processes necessary for manufacturing a semiconductor substrate of higher performance, and measures the distribution of a physical quantity such as internal stress, index of refraction, and composition of the semiconductor substrate in the film thickness direction, without being influenced by change in ambient environmental temperature thereby further improving examination precision.

Abstract: To provide a photoelectron measuring device that enables handling of samples in the atmosphere. A photoelectron measuring device that emits ultraviolet light from an ultraviolet light generating source 1 onto a sample S while changing the wavelength and detects the wavelength at which photoelectrons start to be discharged from the sample S, with the section up to an emission outlet 2 being housed in a non-oxygen environment and a sample stand 4 being disposed so that the distance from the emission outlet 2 to the sample S is 7 mm or less.

Abstract: In a print data forming apparatus, a color conversion information storing section stores plural color conversion information, a mode shift detecting section detects a shift to an image converting mode, an image conversion processing section forms plural printer characteristics images based on the stored respective color conversion information from received drawing data, a monitor image conversion processing section converts the printer characteristics images into plural monitor characteristics images which can be displayed on a monitor, and an input section requests a selection of a specific one of the displayed monitor characteristics images. An unnecessary consumption amount of sheets and toner is avoided in color reproducing mode settings of the print data forming apparatus having color conversion tables.

Abstract: An inspection device having a reading portion for reading an image on a sheet having an image formed thereon, a storage portion for storing therein image data read by the reading portion, and a selecting portion for selecting one of a first mode for storing the image data read by the reading portion in the storage portion, and a second mode for judging whether the image data read by the reading portion is similar to the image data stored in the storage portion.

Abstract: A communication system that can quickly perform the processing of the data re-transmission when error occurs in the data. The communication system includes an automatic original feeder and an image reader that transmit and receive data simultaneously. A CPU provided in the automatic original feeder determines error of reception data. The CPU adds the result of the determination to transmission data being transmitted to the image reader. One of the automatic original feeder and the image reader acts as a slave, and the other acts as a master.

Abstract: A driving apparatus includes a plurality of driving devices; a plurality of malfunction detectors for detecting a malfunction of the driving devices; a plurality of electric current setting devices for setting electric currents through the driving device; and a controller for controlling the plurality of driving devices, malfunction detectors and the electric current setting devices. The controller is effective to set standard electric currents, maximum tolerable electric currents, standard speeds, minimum rotatable speeds and maximum tolerable speeds of the plurality of driving devices, and a total current applied to the plurality of driving devices, wherein the driving devices are given priorities depending on influential ranges of functions of the driving devices.

Abstract: A driving apparatus includes a plurality of driving devices, a plurality of detectors for detecting a malfunction of the driving devices, and a controller, which is responsive to a detection result of the detectors, for decreasing a driving speed of a driving device at which a malfunction is detected and increases a driving speed of another driving device.

Abstract: A driving apparatus includes a plurality of driving devices; a plurality of malfunction detectors for detecting a malfunction of the driving devices; a plurality of electric current setting devices for setting electric currents through the driving devices; a controller for controlling the plurality of driving devices, malfunction detectors and the electric current setting devices, wherein the controller is effective to set standard electric currents, maximum tolerable electric currents, standard speeds, minimum rotatable speeds and maximum tolerable speeds of the plurality of driving devices, and a total current applied to the plurality of driving devices, wherein the driving devices are given priorities depending on influential ranges of functions of the driving devices, wherein when the malfunction detector detects a malfunction of the driving devices, the electric current setting device raises the setting of the electric current of the driving device at which the malfunction is detected within the maximum

Abstract: An apparatus and method for preventing an interruption of electrical power to a portable electronic device, such as, for example, a call device, supplied by an internal battery when the portable electronic device is dropped or subjected to an external shock. A battery cover seals a battery compartment in which a negative battery terminal and a positive battery terminal, of a battery, are in contact with a respective compressible contact terminal and a fixed terminal. A battery fixing base plate, attached to an inner surface of the battery cover, includes a set flange that is inserted between a battery compartment wall to which one contact terminal is attached and an associated battery terminal in contact with the one contact terminal, thus providing a mechanism that prevents a longitudinal movement of the battery in the battery compartment.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and substrate examining device that sequentially and automatically measures at least the thickness and the internal stress of the thin film at a predetermined measurement point on the surface of every manufactured semiconductor substrate to perform quality control on each substrate, and reliably recognizes the cause of defects to improve productivity. The examining device and method accurately analyzes the correlation between film thickness and stress to establish the manufacturing processes necessary for manufacturing a semiconductor substrate of higher performance, and measures the distribution of a physical quantity such as internal stress, index of refraction, and composition of the semiconductor substrate in the film thickness direction, without being influenced by change in ambient environmental temperature thereby further improving examination precision.