Abstract: The present invention addresses a problem of providing a high quality seamless capsule, with excellent uniformity of shell thickness and virtually no eyes in the shell. The problem can be solved by manufacturing a seamless capsule using a shell composition comprising at least one polysaccharide selected from the group consisting of agar, carrageenan and gellan gum, and a PVA copolymer comprising the following structural units: (i) polyvinyl alcohol, (ii) at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, fumaric acid and maleic acid, and (iii) at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid ester selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formula [I]: H2C?C(R1)—COOR2??[I] (wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R2 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms).

Abstract: The present invention addresses a problem of providing a high quality seamless capsule, with excellent uniformity of shell thickness and virtually no eyes in the shell. The problem can be solved by manufacturing a seamless capsule using a shell composition comprising at least one polysaccharide selected from the group consisting of agar, carrageenan and gellan gum, and a PVA copolymer comprising the following structural units: (i) polyvinyl alcohol, (ii) at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, fumaric acid and maleic acid, and (iii) at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid ester selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formula [I]: H2C?C(R?)—COOR2??[I] (wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R2 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms).

Abstract: A transmission line 5 configured to be broken when it comes into contact with a rail 4 is installed on a disengagement prevention guide 1 attached to an axle box 3 of a railway vehicle. One end 5a and the other end 5b of the transmission line 5 are connected to a determination unit 6 to monitor continuity of the transmission line 5. In the event of a derailment, the determination unit 6 determines that a derailment has occurred when the disengagement prevention guide 1 makes contact with the rail 4 and the transmission line 5 breaks, thereby interrupting the continuity of the transmission line 5. This arrangement allows an accurate detection of a derailment, so as to prevent a railway vehicle from traveling when its wheels have become disengaged from a rail without an operator being aware of it, thus improving safety after the derailment occurs.

Abstract: An amount of wear of a railroad vehicle wheel flange online while traveling in a curved section is directly measured. A laser rangefinder 3 is installed on an outer track side in a rounded curve section of a railroad track. When a railroad vehicle travels through the rounded curve section, the laser rangefinder 3 measures a distance to a front rim surface of a wheel on an outer track side of a wheelset in a forward direction of travel of a bogie forming a vehicle. The amount of wheel flange wear is obtained by comparing this measured distance with a previous measurement of the measured distance. It is then possible to control the amount of wheel flange wear when traveling in a curved section, thus making it possible to quickly find wheels having flange wear that has exceeded a control range and ensure safety during travel of the railroad vehicle.

Abstract: A transmission line 5 configured to be broken when it comes into contact with a rail 4 is installed on a disengagement prevention guide 1 attached to an axle box 3 of a railway vehicle. One end 5a and the other end 5b of the transmission line 5 are connected to a determination unit 6 to monitor continuity of the transmission line 5. In the event of a derailment, the determination unit 6 determines that a derailment has occurred when the disengagement prevention guide 1 makes contact with the rail 4 and the transmission line 5 breaks, thereby interrupting the continuity of the transmission line 5. This arrangement allows an accurate detection of a derailment, so as to prevent a railway vehicle from traveling when its wheels have become disengaged from a rail without an operator being aware of it, thus improving safety after the derailment occurs.

Abstract: There are manufactured an enteric capsule comprising: a seamless capsule consisting of a capsule fill and a shell layer; and an enteric coating layer on the shell layer, the enteric coating layer comprising one selected from a methacrylic acid-based polymer, polyvinyl acetate phthalate, organic acid ester of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, carboxymethylethylcellulose, and cellulose acetate phthalate; and an enteric seamless capsule further comprising a subcoating layer between the shell layer of the seamless capsule and the enteric coating layer, the subcoating layer consisting of hydroxypropylcellulose and the like. The enteric seamless capsule has acid resistance and also enables controlled dissolution for each application site in the body.

Abstract: When preparing a soft capsule shell by forming a film from a composition for a soft capsule shell comprising a base containing either gelatin or a mixture of starch and carrageenan as a main component and a plasticizer containing sorbitol, maltitol and glycerin as main components, it is possible to provide a soft capsule in which the soft capsule shell thereof does not easily soften and the surface of the soft capsule shell is resistant to adherence and which has excellent gloss and transparency even if the plasticizer contains glycerin.

Abstract: An object is to provide a method of manufacturing a soft capsule that is enteric and excellent in formulation properties. An enteric soft capsule is manufactured by the following steps (a) and (b): (a) preparing an enteric capsule shell liquid comprising gelatin and low methoxyl pectin having a degree of amidation of 5 to 25%, and (b) encapsulating capsule fills using the enteric capsule shell liquid prepared in the step (a) by stamping. Preferably, the jelly strength of the gelatin is 160 to 300 Bloom, the degree of esterification of the low methoxy pectin is 20 to 40%, and the enteric capsule shell liquid comprises 30 to 35 parts by mass of the low methoxy pectin per 100 parts by mass of the gelatin.

Abstract: An amount of wear of a railroad vehicle wheel flange online while traveling in a curved section is directly measured. A laser rangefinder 3 is installed on an outer track side in a rounded curve section of a railroad track. When a railroad vehicle travels through the rounded curve section, the laser rangefinder 3 measures a distance to a front rim surface of a wheel on an outer track side of a wheelset in a forward direction of travel of a bogie forming a vehicle. The amount of wheel flange wear is obtained by comparing this measured distance with a previous measurement of the measured distance. It is then possible to control the amount of wheel flange wear when traveling in a curved section, thus making it possible to quickly find wheels having flange wear that has exceeded a control range and ensure safety during travel of the railroad vehicle.

Abstract: An object is to provide a method of manufacturing a seamless soft capsule that is enteric and excellent in formulation properties. An enteric seamless soft capsule is manufactured by the following steps (a) and (b): (a) preparing an enteric capsule shell liquid comprising gelatin and low methoxy pectin having a degree of esterification of 0 to 40% and a degree of amidation of 0 to 25%, the enteric capsule shell liquid having a viscosity at 50° C. of 60 to 127 mPa·s; and (b) encapsulating capsule fills with the enteric capsule shell liquid prepared in the step (a) by dripping. Preferably, the jelly strength of the gelatin is 180 to 330 Bloom, an aqueous solution of the low methoxy pectin at a concentration of 2 mass % has a viscosity at 35° C. of 8 to 15 mPa·s, and the enteric capsule shell liquid comprises 10 to 20 parts by mass of the low methoxy pectin per 100 parts by mass of gelatin.

Abstract: An object is to provide a method of manufacturing a seamless soft capsule that is enteric and excellent in formulation properties. An enteric seamless soft capsule is manufactured by the following steps (a) and (b): (a) preparing an enteric capsule shell liquid comprising gelatin and low methoxy pectin having a degree of esterification of 0 to 40% and a degree of amidation of 0 to 25%, the enteric capsule shell liquid having a viscosity at 50° C. of 60 to 127 mPa·s; and (b) encapsulating capsule fills with the enteric capsule shell liquid prepared in the step (a) by dripping. Preferably, the jelly strength of the gelatin is 180 to 330 Bloom, an aqueous solution of the low methoxy pectin at a concentration of 2 mass % has a viscosity at 35° C. of 8 to 15 mPa·s, and the enteric capsule shell liquid comprises 10 to 20 parts by mass of the low methoxy pectin per 100 parts by mass of gelatin.

Abstract: Provided are a plant-derived soft capsule shell having high shell sheet strength, good adhesive property, and good shell performance, and a soft capsule. A soft capsule shell comprising: (A) iota carrageenan; and (B) waxy corn starch having undergone a heat-moisture treatment in the presence of a salt, the soft capsule shell having a content mass ratio [(A)/(B)] of the component (A) to the component (B) of 0.4 to 3, the soft capsule shell having a content mass ratio [carrageenan/starch] of carrageenan including the component (A) to starch including the component (B) of 0.29 to 1.

Abstract: An object is to provide a method of manufacturing a soft capsule that is enteric and excellent in formulation properties. An enteric soft capsule is manufactured by the following steps (a) and (b): (a) preparing an enteric capsule shell liquid comprising gelatin and low methoxyl pectin having a degree of amidation of 5 to 25%, and (b) encapsulating capsule fills using the enteric capsule shell liquid prepared in the step (a) by stamping. Preferably, the jelly strength of the gelatin is 160 to 300 Bloom, the degree of esterification of the low methoxy pectin is 20 to 40%, and the enteric capsule shell liquid comprises 30 to 35 parts by mass of the low methoxy pectin per 100 parts by mass of the gelatin.

Abstract: A vehicle abnormality detecting apparatus 1 includes wheel load sensors 11 that are attached to right and left rails R constituting a track to measure wheel loads of wheels 3 provided in a vehicle 2; and a calculation unit 12 that is connected to the wheel load sensors 11. An index represented by wheel loads of a pair or more of right and left wheels 3 provided in at least one of bogies 4 and defined according to a type of vehicle abnormality as an index for detecting the vehicle abnormality is previously stored in the calculation unit 12. The calculation unit 12 calculates a value of the stored index from the wheel loads measured by the wheel load sensors 11 and transmitted from the wheel load sensors 11, and detects the abnormality of a running vehicle based on the calculated value of the index.

Abstract: Provided is a capsule formulation capable of retaining a hydrophilic substance over a long period of time and also capable of containing incompatible components, in a single capsule. A capsule formulation is produced by encapsulating with a hydrophilic film, a capsule content formed by enclosing an aqueous solution in an oily substance containing a porous microparticulate powder. The capsule formulation preferably comprises 0.1 to 20 parts by weight of the porous microparticulate powder based on 100 parts by weight of the oily substance, and it is preferably a soft capsule formulation.

Abstract: To prevent separation of a truck frame and a wheel axle and to continue supporting a vehicle, even if damage has occurred to a steering device of a steering truck in which front-back support of a steering axle is performed only by a steering mechanism. A railway vehicle steering truck provided with an axle box suspension of a steering axle, which is designed to perform support in the front-back direction of an axle box which rotatably supports the steering axle, by means of a steering device having a steering link which is rotatably connected to the axle box, and a connecting link rotatably connected to a bolster, each of these being rotatably connected to a steering lever which is rotatably connected to the a truck frame.

Abstract: In the event that a steering device is damaged, the damaged component is prevented from dropping onto a surface of a track or prevented from making contact with a surface of a track, even if a component to prevent dropping is not newly installed. A railway vehicle steering truck having a steering device with a steering link which is rotatably connected to an axle box which supports a steering axle, and a connecting link rotatably connected to a bolster, and these are each rotatably connected to a steering lever which is rotatably connected to a truck frame. A length A1 or A2 from one center of rotation of the steering link is shorter than a radius B of a wheel that has reached a wear limit.

Abstract: A tread surface cleaning system has a cleaning element mounted to a truck frame of a steering truck in a position facing a tread surface of a wheel. The cleaning element moves freely to come into contact with and to move away from the tread surface. A pressing-load application spring biases the cleaning element toward the tread surface and a stopper restrains the cleaning element from approaching the tread surface. A forward and backward movement of a wheel axle 2 in the travel direction caused by steering is used so that the cleaning element makes contact only on the inner rail side toward which the tread surface of the wheel approaches when passing through a curved section. The cleaning element does not make contact on the outer rail side from which the tread surface moves away when passing through a curved section and when traveling through a straight section.

Abstract: A steering truck for steering a wheel axle of a truck has a solid lubricant application device at a position facing a flange of a wheel on the outer side of the wheel axle in the direction of travel in a truck frame. A solid lubricant is applied to freely make contact with and move away from the flange and a spring impels the solid lubricant towards the flange. A stopper restrains the solid lubricant from approaching the flange, By utilizing a forward and backward movement of the wheel axle in the travel direction caused by steering, the solid lubricant 3 makes contact only on the outer rail side toward which the wheel approaches when passing through a curved section. No contact occurs on the inner rail side from which the wheel moves away when passing through a curved section and when traveling through a straight section.

Abstract: A vehicle abnormality detecting apparatus 1 includes wheel load sensors 11 that are attached to right and left rails R constituting a track to measure wheel loads of wheels 3 provided in a vehicle 2; and a calculation unit 12 that is connected to the wheel load sensors 11. An index represented by wheel loads of a pair or more of right and left wheels 3 provided in at least one of bogies 4 and defined according to a type of vehicle abnormality as an index for detecting the vehicle abnormality is previously stored in the calculation unit 12. The calculation unit 12 calculates a value of the stored index from the wheel loads measured by the wheel load sensors 11 and transmitted from the wheel load sensors 11, and detects the abnormality of a running vehicle based on the calculated value of the index.