Abstract: A recording element and a recording device is disclosed which may stably eject very fine liquid drops without nozzles and with low frequency low voltage driving. The element of the present invention provides vibrators on a substrate. On the vibrators are provided elastic members. The elastic members have their tips in a sharpened form, plate-like form, or needle-like form. The free surface of liquid are positioned closer to the bottom side of the elastic members than the tip of the elastic members to drive the vibrators with an external driving means.

Abstract: An ink-jet recording apparatus jetts an ink droplet from a free surface of an ink material by propagating a surface acoustic wave. The apparatus includes a substrate, a slant face formed on the substrate, The slant face contacts the ink material with a grade in use. A vibration generator for generating plural surface acoustic waves, is formed on the substrate away from the ink material in use, and the plural surface acoustic waves are propagated along with the substrate and changed into plural longitudinal waves having propagating directions in the ink material. The propagating directions will be concentrated at a certain portion within the ink material.

Abstract: An ink jet recording device for jetting an ink droplet from a free surface of an ink material includes: an ink container for containing the ink material and providing the free surface of the ink material therein; a vibrating member for providing a vibrating energy to the free surface of the ink material by contacting thereto at an interface portion between the free surface of the ink material and the ink container, wherein the vibrating means surrounds the free surface so that the vibrating energy is concentrated at one specific portion on the free surface of the ink material in order to jet the ink droplet therefrom; and an actuating system for actuating the vibrating member. An ink jet recording method using the same is also disclosed.

Abstract: Each pixel consists of an image electrode formed on a first insulating substrate, a ferroelectrlc material portion formed on the image electrode, a pixel electrode formed on the ferroelectric material layer, a scanning electrode formed on a second insulating substrate, and a liquid crystal portion disposed between the pixel electrode and the scanning electrode. When an input signal is written to the respective pixels, a liquid crystal portion of each of pixels selected for display is supplied with an effective voltage that makes a transmittance of the liquid crystal portion smaller than 50%.

Abstract: A thin-film resistor comprising a mixture of rhodium (Rh) oxide as a resistive material, and at least one element M selected from the group consisting of silicon (Si), lead (Pb), bismuth (Bi), zirconium (Zr), barium (Ba), aluminium (Al), boron (B), tin (Sn), and titanium (Ti), wherein M/Rh, or the ratio of the number of element M atoms to that of rhodium (Rh) atoms is in the range of 0.3 to 3.0. Thin-film resistor is formed from the process of preparing a solution of an organometallic material, coating the material on a substrate, drying and then firing the material at a peak temperature not less than 500.degree. C.

Abstract: A voltage non-linear device comprises, on an insulating substrate, a bottom electrode film, a voltage non-linear film, and a top electrode film formed in this order, wherein the bottom electrode film, the voltage non-linear film and the top electrode film are, respectively, made of a metal or a metal oxide formed by applying a metallo-organic paste and sintering the thus applied paste. The voltage non-linear film is made of a metal oxide sintered from a mixture of a metallo-organic zn compound and a metallo-organic compound of at least one element selected from Bi, Mn, Co, Cr and Sb. A method for making the voltage non-linear device and metallo-organic compounds useful for the method are also described. Moreover, a liquid crystal display device using the voltage non-linear device and a method for making the display device are described.

Abstract: A two-dimensional image read/display device which is able to read and display information including two-dimensional images. A two-dimenasional image read/display device comprising a substrate, an optical sensor provided on the substrate and a light emitting unit provided to the optical sensor, wherein the optical sensor comprises a sensor area and a non-sensor area arranged alternately in a two dimensional manner, the light emitting unit comprises a light emitting area and a light transmissive area arranged alternately in a two dimensional manner, and the sensor area is disposed opposed to the light transmissive area at given distance therefrom.

Abstract: A resistor comprises iridium and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of silicon, bismuth, lead, tin, aluminum, boron, titanium, zirconium, calcium and barium. A process for producing the resistor comprises the steps of coating a solution of an iridium containing organometallic material onto a substrate and subsequently firing the coated solution. The resistor is used as a heating resistor of a thermal head.

Abstract: A resistor film formed by applying onto a substrate a homogeneous mixture solution of metal organic compounds including metals selected from the element group of silicon (Si), bismuth (Bi), lead (Pb), aluminum (Al), zirconium (Zr), calcium (Ca), tin (Sn), boron (B), titanium (Ti), barium (Ba), and the like, and a metal selected from the group of iridium (Ir) and ruthenium (Ru) and burning the homogeneous mixture solution. The homogeneous mixture solution is burned at a temperature of 700.degree. C. or more in an atmosphere of oxygen.

Abstract: A method for producing a resistor is disclosed, comprising coating a metal organic compound solution containing a ruthenium complex and at least one complex of an element selected from the group consisting of silicon, barium, bismuth and lead on a substrate and then firing it. This resistor is a uniform thin-film resistor and is suitable for use as a resistor to be used in hybrid ICs and various electronic devices.

Abstract: A leadless chip carrier is constructed in such a manner that each of the electrode terminals is made to be recessed from the insulation layer of the bottom surface of the carrier so as to have a difference in level between the bottom surface and at least a part of the electrode terminal. Because of such construction, when the electrode terminals are bonded to the conductors of the printed circuit board in the reflowing method, molten solder is collected in the recessed portions of the electrode terminals besides each portion of the insulation layer positioned between the electrode terminals prevents flowing of the molten solder in the recessed portion, so that strength and reliability in the bonding are remarkably improved.

Abstract: A thermal recording head device and a method for operating a thermal recording head device in which a video signal representing an entire line of dots to be printed is simultaneously stored. The thermal recording head itself is composed of a belt-shaped resistive member having leads arranged in first and second groups of leads extending alternately therefrom. The leads of the first group are alternatingly connected to a power supply terminal while synchronously therewith bits of a video signal are alternately gated to control corresponding switching elements connected between the leads of the second group and ground. AND-OR gates are employed to perform the alternating connection between the register in which the video signal is stored. Switching elements, composed of bipolar transistors, are connected between the leads of the second group of leads and ground.

Abstract: A thermal printing head has a plurality of heating resistors formed on an insulating substrate with spaces of a predetermined width being provided between adjacent resistors. In another embodiment, these spaces are filled with intermediate layers of a material such as glass.With this structure, temperature distribution produced by the heating resistors becomes substantially flat, whereby the power consumption of the thermal printing head can be reduced, and the thermal efficiency can be improved.