Abstract: A grained artificial leather comprised of a sheet-form fibrous base, a porous polyurethane layer having interconnected open cells, formed on at least one surface of the base, and a non-porous polyurethane film formed on the porous polyurethane layer. A multiplicity of open cells are interspersed in the porous polyurethane layer, part of which are closed by the non-porous polyurethane film and the remainder of which are not closed and at least 70% in number of the non-closed opening cells have a diameter of 1-25 .mu.m.The artificial leather is made by adhering the porous polyurethane layer to the sheet-form fibrous base, applying a polyurethane/solvent mixed liquid as dots interspersed on the surface of the polyurethane layer to develop a multiplicity of open cells on the surface, and then applying a finishing polyurethane on the open cell-developed surface.

Abstract: A motion picture film is provided on which a digital sound track for audio data is formed along the film running direction. Data tracks are disposed in the digital sound track along a direction normal to the film running direction and extend in the film running direction. A data pattern having a block of audio data is recorded in the data tracks, along with tracking patterns representing each data track. Each of the tracking patterns is recorded at one side of the data track along the film running direction with an offset in the film running direction of one half the width of a data track from the center of that data track.

Abstract: A color image processing apparatus is disclosed in which a color image signal is separated into lightness data and chromaticity data, and if it is decided that a block includes an edge and the lightness data and chromaticity data of the block have a strong correlation, the block is identified as one including an edge of a color line image.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus for converting color images into monochromatic pattern images. The image processing apparatus includes: means for detecting the area of a color image; means for converting a color image into a monochromatic pattern image; and control means for varying such image processing in accordance with the result of detection made by the means for detecting the area. When a thin line is detected in a color area, the method of processing is determined based on the width of the detected thin line. For example, when the width of the thin line is smaller than a predetermined value, the area of such thin line may be outputted as a plain image instead of a pattern image so that it may easily be seen or recognized. The contour of a color area may be made conspicuous by combining a plain image and a pattern image.

Abstract: A connecting pin has a body of great strength which will not come off position when locked and will not be caught on the way of insertion and removal.In the connecting pin, a flange 10 for locking is provided on the rear end of a column-like body. A long hole 11 is formed through in the shank part on the forward end side of the body. A shaft 12 is inserted in the shank part on the forward end side of the body in a direction intersecting the long hole and opposed two holes 17 are formed in parallel with this shaft. A lock piece 13 supported on the aforesaid shaft at a midway point and having a plurality of slots 16 in both sides is rotatably inserted and in the hole is inserted a positioning member which selectively engages in one of the slots.

Abstract: There is disclosed an apparatus for image reading or processing, that can precisely identify a particular pattern, such as of banknotes or securities faithful copying of which is to be prohibited. The apparatus is provided with a detecting unit for detecting positional information of an original image, and a discriminating unit for extracting the pattern data of a certain part of the original image and discriminating whether the original image is the predetermined image, based on the similarity between the pattern data and the predetermined pattern.

Abstract: A lower gate type semiconductor device, in which, for increasing an on-current of a lower gate type thin film transistor and restricting an off-current, there is provided a gate-controlled offset region different from a channel region in one or both conductivity types. This region increases the on-current of the transistor, provides a reduction of a leakage current, and restriction of a subthreshold coefficient. A two-dimensional size can also be reduced by altering the gate height. The on-current is increased, and the leakage current is reduced in the device. The offset region is composed of a semiconductor material and is formed at the end of a drain region of the device.

Abstract: This invention provides an image processing system comprising devices for producing image signals by scanning an original image, process units for generating video signals by processing the image signals, detector for detecting the coordinates of the original image and controller for storing the coordinate signals from the detecting means and for controlling the process units according to thus stored signals.

Abstract: A synchronizing clock generating circuit for generating synchronizing clocks timed to synchronizing signals contained in input video signals is disclosed. A trapezoidal wave from a trapezoidal wave generator 19 and a reference pulse RP from a reference pulse generator 12 are compared as to phase in a phase comparator 21, while the trapezoidal wave and a pseudo-reference pulse rp from a CH2 generator 23 are compared as to phase in a phase comparator 22, and a difference between outputs of phase comparison is used in a dc detection circuit 24 for controlling the gradient of the trapezoidal wave. Besides, an output of a VCO 15, controlled by the results of phase comparison between the trapezoidal wave and the reference pulse RP is used as a synchronizing clock signal.

Abstract: There is disclosed an apparatus for image reading or processing, that can precisely identify a particular pattern, such as of banknotes or securities faithful copying of which is to be prohibited. The apparatus is provided with a detecting unit for detecting positional information of an original image, and a discriminating unit for extracting the pattern data of a certain part of the original image and discriminating whether the original image is the predetermined image, based on the similarity between the pattern data and the predetermined pattern.

Abstract: A signal level clamping apparatus for a CTDM video signal used for a time-base correction apparatus has a clamping circuit supplied with a reproduced color difference signal wherein, between adjacent two horizontal sync. signals, a first and second time-compressed color difference line signals are sequentially arranged with a predetermined interval therebetween, a time-base correction unit supplied with an output from the clamping circuit, a sync. signal separator circuit for separating a reproduced horizontal sync. signal from the reproduced color difference signal supplied thereto, a write clock signal generating circuit for generating a write clock signal synchronized with the reproduced horizontal sync. signal from the sync. signal separator circuit and for applying the write clock signal to the time-base correction unit, and a clamping pulse generating circuit for generating a clamping pulse synchronized with the reproduced horizontal sync. signal from the sync.

Abstract: In a method of expanding a compressed color image, in units of blocks each consisting of a plurality of pixels, to lightness information and chromaticity information representing a block, original lightness information is decoded on the basis of the compressed lightness information in units of blocks, and chromaticity information of each pixel in the block is decoded in accordance with a distribution and gradient of the decoded lightness information value.

Abstract: An image data coding apparatus adopting the method of this invention includes a divider section for dividing an image having gray levels into a plurality of blocks, each consisting of a plurality of pixels; a pre-processing section for detecting the density and the presence/absence of an edge in an image of each divided block; and a vector quantizing section for encoding an image of each block in accordance with the detected density and the presence/absence of the edge in the image of the block. The pre-processing section detects a standard deviation of density levels of the pixels included in each block. The vector quantizing section divides the density levels of the pixels included in each block into a plurality of level sections so as to obtain a code indicating the level section in which the density level of each pixel is included. In the vector quantizing section, the obtained code is again encoded by means of vector quantization.

Abstract: A displaying apparatus for a vehicle to project a pattern to be displayed of an indicator on a half mirror disposed in front of a driver's seat such that a driver of the vehicle sees the pattern overlapping views outside a front windshield of the vehicle. The displaying apparatus comprises a projector for projecting the pattern. The projector includes the indicator, etc., and is received within a case which is provided to a ceiling in the interior of the vehicle to accommodate a room lamp. The half mirror is fitted to a fitting device installed on a dashboard of the vehicle such that an angle of the half mirror is freely set. The half mirror is set on the dashboard at an angle in a range between 100 and 120 deg. the angle being formed toward the front windshield from a horizontal line (0 deg) extending to the driver.

Abstract: A guard for a baby carriage in which armrests have fitting holes facing a front surface and a guard has fitting pipes which are insertable into these fitting holes. Each of the fitting pipes has a biased tab which is engageable with a engagement hole at the side of a cylidrical hole at the back of the fitting hole. An opening button, at the bottom of the arm rest, releases the biased tab for the removal of the guard. Planar covers with rear projections are fittable into the fitting holes.

Abstract: This invention provides an image processing system comprising devices for producing image signals by scanning an original image, process units for generating video signals by processing the image signals, detector for detecting the coordinates of the original image and controller for storing the coordinate signals from the detecting means and for controlling the process units according to thus stored signals.

Abstract: A display apparatus for a vehicle comprises a unit for projecting display patterns provided by a display unit onto a projecting face in front of a driver's seat, the projecting unit having first and second display devices respectively forming virtual images in positions different from each other in front of the projecting face; and a unit for visually overlapping an outer landscape in front of a front glass and the virtual images of the display patterns provided by the projecting unit. The display apparatus further comprises a half mirror for making a display pattern of the first display device penetrate therethrough, and reflecting a display pattern of the second display device.

Abstract: A display apparatus for a vehicle comprises a unit for projecting display pattern provided by a display unit onto a projecting face in front of a driver's seat, the projecting unit having first and second display devices respectively forming virtual images in positions different from each other in front of the projecting race; and a unit for visually overlapping an outer landscape in front of a front glass and the virtual images of the display patterns provided by the projecting unit. The display apparatus further comprises a half mirror for making a display pattern of the first display device penetrate therethrough, and reflecting a display pattern of the second display device.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus in which flexible antennas made of a conductive material are formed on a flexible insulating sheet. An insulating film made of a synthetic resin material is used as the insulating sheet, and the antennas are formed by adhering a metal foil on the insulating sheet or by depositing a metal film on the insulating sheet.

Abstract: An apparatus for carrying out an enzymatic cycling reaction including a turntable arranged in a reaction tank, a number of reaction vessels being arranged in the turntable along its periphery, a device for circulating an antifreeze liquid through the reaction tank, a heater for heating the antifreeze liquid, a refrigerator for cooling the antifreeze liquid and a switching valve for selectively passing the antifreeze liquid through the heater or refrigerator. Until all the samples and cycling mixture are delivered into the reaction vessels, the reaction tank is held at a very low temperature at which no enzymatic cycling reaction proceeds. Then the antifreeze liquid is heated to an enzymatic cycling reaction temperature so as to perform the enzymatic cycling reaction simultaneously for liquids contained in all the reaction vessels for a desired period. Then, the antifreeze liquid is heated to a high temperature so as to stop simultaneously the cycling reaction in all the reaction vessels.