Abstract: Silver-coated proteins, being dissolvable or suspendable in aqueous media and/or retaining a biological activity of the protein and a process for preparing same are disclosed. Further disclosed are modified proteins which have a reducing moiety attached to the surface thereof and a process for preparing same. The modified proteins can be utilized for obtaining the silver-coated proteins. Further disclosed are a pharmaceutical composition containing and a method of treating bacterial and fungal infections utilizing biologically active silver-coated hydrogen peroxide producing enzymes such as glucose oxidase. Further disclosed are conductive elements that comprise the silver-coated proteins disclosed herein and electronic circuits containing same. Further disclosed are electrodes having the silver-coated proteins deposited thereon and biosensor systems utilizing same for determining a level of an analyte in a liquid sample.

Abstract: A method for forming a polishing media and an article of manufacture is described. The article of manufacture may be formed into a polishing article. The polishing article includes a polymer base material and a plurality of nano-scale structures disposed in or on the polymer base material.

Abstract: A method of detecting cancer cells is disclosed. The method comprises (a) contacting the cell with a substrate for an enzyme under conditions wherein the enzyme catalyzes a reaction of the cell with said substrate, so as to generate a product capable of producing an electrical signal; and (b) measuring a level of the electrical signal, wherein a difference in a level of said electrical signal compared to a predetermined threshold is indicative of a cancer cell. The method may be adapted for diagnosis, monitoring a cancer therapy, identifying agents capable of treating cancer and individually optimizing a cancer therapy.

Abstract: Metal-coated proteins, being dissolvable or suspendable in aqueous media and/or retaining a biological activity of the protein, a process and intermediates for preparing same are disclosed. Further disclosed are a pharmaceutical composition containing and a method of treating bacterial and fungal infections utilizing biologically active metal-coated proteins. Conductive elements, electronic circuits containing same, electrodes and biosensor systems utilizing same, and imaging probes, all containing the metal-coated proteins, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A portable system for detecting agents present in a sample is disclosed. The system comprises a sensing device, having a substrate formed with a plurality of reaction chambers and a plurality of channels interconnecting at least a portion of the plurality of reaction chambers, wherein at least a portion of the plurality of reaction chambers comprises a sensor, capable of generating a detectable signal when exposed to the agents. The system further comprises a detector, which receives signals from the sensing device and provides an image of sensors generating the optical signals. The portable system is connected to a communication network via a communication unit.

Abstract: A method of detecting the presence of harmful agents in the environment is disclosed. The method comprises: providing a plurality of portable agent detectors, placing the detectors on vectors in the environment, connecting the detectors over a communication network, and, upon detection of an agent by a first detector, signaling detectors identified as being nearby to carry out corresponding agent detection tests, thereby to confirm or localize an initial agent detection.

Abstract: A population of cells is provided. The population of cells comprising at least two subpopulations of cells, wherein a first subpopulation of the at least two subpopulation of cells includes a first reporter expression construct being expressible in a cell of the first subpopulation when exposed to a first analyte and whereas a second subpopulation of the at least two subpopulation of cells includes a second reporter expression construct being expressible in a cell of the second subpopulation when exposed to a second analyte.

Abstract: A device for detecting a presence of an analyte in a sample. The device comprises a device body configured with at least one reaction chamber configured for containing a sensor capable of producing a detectable signal when exposed to the analyte in the sample. The reaction chambers are in fluid communication with at least one sample port and at least one actuator port via a first set of microfluidic channels arranged such that application of a negative pressure to actuator port delivers fluid placed in the sample port to the reaction chambers.

Abstract: Materials, methods and kits are disclosed for providing an electrolessly-deposited tarnish-resistant silver-tungsten coated object, the electrolessly-deposited tarnish-resistant silver-tungsten coated object comprising: an object; a silver-tungsten coating on the object, wherein the silver-tungsten coating has a substantially constant reflectivity of more than 90% at 500 nm after exposure of the coated object to ambient air for a time period of at least one week.

Abstract: Materials and methods are described for electroless deposition of cobalt phosphorus and cobalt tungsten phosphorus, employing tungsten trioxide or tungsten phosphoric acid as a source of tungsten. Electolessly deposited metals produced are substantially devoid of alkali metal ions and alkaline earth metal ions. The deposits are typically oxygen-free thin films having a low sheet resistivity of less than 50 &mgr;&OHgr;.cm. The films may be used as capping layers or barriers for the prevention of interlayer metallic drift, diffusion and migration in semiconductor, ULSI, VLSI, electroplating industries and products.

Abstract: Materials and methods are described for electroless deposition of cobalt phosphorus and cobalt tungsten phosphorus, employing tungsten trioxide or tungsten phosphoric acid as a source of tungsten.

Abstract: Electroless plating of very thin metal films, such as copper, is accomplished with a spray processor. Atomized droplets or a continuous stream of an electroless plating solution are sprayed on a substrate. The electroless plating solution may be prepared by mixing a reducing solution and a metal stock solution immediately prior to the spraying. The deposition process may be carried out in an apparatus which includes metal stock solution and reducing reservoirs, a mixing chamber for forming the plating solution, optionally an inert gas or air (oxygen) source, a process chamber in which the solution is sprayed on the substrate and a control system for providing solutions to the mixing chamber and the process chamber in accordance with a predetermined program for automated mixing and spraying of the plating solution. The process can be used to form metal films as thin as 100 .ANG.

Abstract: An electroless deposition apparatus and a method of electroless deposition that uses a single process chamber for performing multiple processes by moving through the process chamber a variety of fluids one at a time in a sequential order.