Abstract: A head-up display includes an optical system that radiates light forming a projected image toward an eye box. The eye box is a predetermined range in which eyes of an observer are assumed to be present. The optical system includes a Fresnel lens having a bumpy surface having a sawtooth-shaped cross-section. The bumpy surface is formed concentrically around an optical axis, and formed by alternately disposing first surfaces as light condensing surfaces that allow incident light to converge toward a focal point, and second surfaces as wall surfaces that do not allow the incident light to converge toward the focal point. The second surfaces are inclined with respect to the optical axis of the Fresnel lens at an angle to reflect the incident light striking the wall surfaces, in a direction toward outside of a range of the eye box.

Abstract: Head-up display includes display device and projection optical system. Display device displays an image. Projection optical system includes refraction lens. Projection optical system projects the image displayed on display device to an observer. Refraction lens is disposed while inclined with respect to a reference beam. An incident surface of refraction lens is a concave surface relative to a side of display device in an X-axis direction. A curvature in a Y-axis direction of the incident surface is smaller than a curvature in the X-axis direction.

Abstract: A head-up display includes a light source unit including first light source elements emitting lights of a first luminescent color and second light source elements emitting lights of a second luminescent color. The head-up display includes a first lens, a diffusion member, a spatial light modulation element that modulates the light emitted from the light source unit and transmitted through the first lens and the diffusion member, and an optical unit that projects the light emitted from the spatial light modulation element. The first lens changes an optical path of the light emitted from the light source unit, and the lights emitted from the first light source element and the second light source element are superimposed in a predetermined region on the incident surface of the spatial light modulation element.

Abstract: A head-up display projects an image onto an eye-box of an observer. The head-up display includes a plurality of light source elements, liquid crystal panel, first lens, viewpoint detector, and controller. The plurality of light source elements are arranged into an array shape to output light beams. Liquid crystal panel displays the image, and first lens deflects the light beams emitted from the plurality of light source elements such that an identical region in an incident plane of liquid crystal panel is illuminated with the light beams. Viewpoint detector detects a viewpoint position of the observer. Controller controls light intensity of the light source elements according to the viewpoint position detected by viewpoint detector.

Abstract: Head-up display includes display device and projection optical system. Display device displays an image. Projection optical system includes refraction lens. Projection optical system projects the image displayed on display device to an observer. Refraction lens is disposed while inclined with respect to a reference beam. An incident surface of refraction lens is a concave surface relative to a side of display device in an X-axis direction. A curvature in a Y-axis direction of the incident surface is smaller than a curvature in the X-axis direction.

Abstract: Head-up display includes display device, projection optical system, a polarization member, and a first polarizer. Display device displays an image. Projection optical system includes refraction lens. Projection optical system projects the image displayed on display device to an observer. The polarization member is disposed between projection optical system and a reflection member that reflects light from projection optical system. Transmittance of the polarization member depends on a polarization direction of transmitted light. The first polarizer is disposed behind refraction lens on an optical path starting from display device. The first polarizer rotates a predetermined polarized component by a quarter of wavelength.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a virtual image display apparatus, head-up display system, and vehicle that distribute a spatially divided parallax image between a left eye and right eye of a user appropriately. The virtual image display apparatus according to the present disclosure includes a display device configured to spatially divide with a first pitch and to output right-eye images and left-eye images, first optical members periodically disposed with a second pitch, distributing light based on the output from the display device between a right-eye direction and a left-eye direction, and a second optical member configured to reflect or refract, by positive power, the light distributed between the right-eye direction and the left-eye direction by the first optical members. The first pitch is narrower than the second pitch.

Abstract: A head-up display includes an optical system that radiates light forming a projected image toward an eye box. The eye box is a predetermined range in which eyes of an observer are assumed to be present. The optical system includes a Fresnel lens having a bumpy surface having a sawtooth-shaped cross-section. The bumpy surface is formed concentrically around an optical axis, and formed by alternately disposing first surfaces as light condensing surfaces that allow incident light to converge toward a focal point, and second surfaces as wall surfaces that do not allow the incident light to converge toward the focal point. The second surfaces are inclined with respect to the optical axis of the Fresnel lens at an angle to reflect the incident light striking the wall surfaces, in a direction toward outside of a range of the eye box.

Abstract: Image display device is used in a head-up display. Image display device includes an illumination unit, light guide plate, light beam controller, and display unit. The illumination unit includes a plurality of light sources. Light guide plate includes incident surface into which light from the illumination unit enters, incident surface including a plurality of convex surfaces each of which is opposed to each of the plurality of light sources, and output surface disposed in a direction intersecting incident surface and from which the light incident from incident surface is output. Light beam controller controls a traveling direction of the light output from output surface. Display unit transmits the light output from light beam controller to display an image.

Abstract: A head-up display includes light source elements arranged in a first direction, a first lens which takes in from an incident surface light emitted from the light source elements and emits the light from an emission surface. A diffusion member is disposed on a side of the emission surface of the first lens. A spatial light modulation element takes in from an incident surface the light having been emitted from the light source elements and having passed through the first lens and the diffusion member, modulates the taken-in light in accordance with image information, and emits the modulated light from an emission surface. An optical element reflects light emitted from spatial light modulation element. The first lens changes an optical path of light emitted from each of the light source elements such that it reaches the same point on the incident surface of the spatial light modulation element.

Abstract: Illumination device (100) includes light source (110), lens (120) including first region (120a) having negative power and second region (120b) having positive power, and drive (130) that changes a relative distance between light source (110) and lens (120). The light of light source (110) passes through first region (120a) and second region (120b) even when the distance is changed to any distance by drive (130).

Abstract: A head-up display projects an image onto an eye-box of an observer. The head-up display includes a plurality of light source elements, liquid crystal panel, first lens, viewpoint detector, and controller. The plurality of light source elements are arranged into an array shape to output light beams. Liquid crystal panel displays the image, and first lens deflects the light beams emitted from the plurality of light source elements such that an identical region in an incident plane of liquid crystal panel is illuminated with the light beams. Viewpoint detector detects a viewpoint position of the observer. Controller controls light intensity of the light source elements according to the viewpoint position detected by viewpoint detector.

Abstract: A plurality of apparatuses mounted on cars are monitored and controlled by control devices mounted on the cars. A display device capable of displaying apparatus information of the apparatuses is mounted on a driver's cab. A display screen of the display device is configured by arranging a plurality of display components by which apparatus information of each of the apparatuses can be displayed. A software generating device determines arrangement positions of the display components arranged on the display screen, automatically generates layout design data of the display screen, and automatically generates software for generating the display screen on the basis of the layout design data. The arrangement positions of the display components respectively representing the apparatuses when a number of apparatuses of the same type are monitored and controlled by one and the same control device are determined according to arrangement rule information that is exceptional rules.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a virtual image display apparatus, head-up display system, and vehicle that distribute a spatially divided parallax image between a left eye and right eye of a user appropriately. The virtual image display apparatus according to the present disclosure includes a display device configured to spatially divide with a first pitch and to output right-eye images and left-eye images, first optical members periodically disposed with a second pitch, distributing light based on the output from the display device between a right-eye direction and a left-eye direction, and a second optical member configured to reflect or refract, by positive power, the light distributed between the right-eye direction and the left-eye direction by the first optical members. The first pitch is narrower than the second pitch.

Abstract: An image display apparatus capable of displaying a 3D image includes: an image display section including partition regions partitioned in a row direction and a column direction; a display control section; and a light control section arranged at a front surface side of the image display section and including a plurality of separation elements each configured to separate light of the right eye image and light of the left eye image in displaying the 3D image. Each separation element is arranged so as to extend linearly and be tilted with respect to the column direction, and an arrangement pitch of the separation element in the row direction is non-integer times that of an arrangement pitch of the partition region in the row direction, the integer times being less than 4.5 times.

Abstract: A head-up display includes: a plurality of light source elements which are arranged in a first direction and emit light; first lens which takes in from an incident surface the light emitted from the plurality of light source elements and emits the light from an emission surface; diffusion member disposed on a side of the emission surface of the first lens; a spatial light modulation element which takes in from an incident surface the light having been emitted from the plurality of light source elements and having passed through first lens and diffusion member, modulates the taken-in light in accordance with image information, and emits the modulated light from an emission surface; and an optical element which reflects the light emitted from spatial light modulation element. First lens changes an optical path of light emitted from each of light source elements such that the light emitted from the each of light source elements reaches the same area on the incident surface of spatial light modulation element.

Abstract: A head-up display includes an illuminating device and an optical reflection unit for reflecting light from the illuminating device. The illuminating device includes a plurality of light sources arranged in a first direction and a plurality of first lenses disposed corresponding to the light sources in an emitting direction of the light sources. Each of the first lenses has a first incidence plane and a first emitting plane. At least one of the first incidence plane and the first emitting plane is convex. The illuminating device also includes a second lens disposed in an emitting direction of the plurality of first lenses and a diffusing plate disposed in an emitting direction of the second lens. The second lens has a second incidence plane and a second emitting plane. At least one of the second incidence plane and the second emitting plane has a concave cross-section in the first direction.

Abstract: An auto-stereoscopic image apparatus according to the present disclosure includes a display panel configured to include a plurality of sub pixels and to display images corresponding to a plurality of viewpoints; an optical element configured to be disposed in front of the display panel and to provide parallaxes for the images; a viewpoint detector configured to detect positions of the plurality of viewpoints; and a controller configured to determine viewpoint boundary position of the plurality of sub pixels based on the positions of the plurality of viewpoints and to allocate pixel values of the plurality of sub pixels based on the viewpoint boundary positions.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes a display panel, and a liquid crystal lens disposed in front of the display panel. The liquid crystal lens includes: a first substrate and a second substrate; a first electrode layer; a second electrode layer having a plurality of electrodes formed in a stripe pattern; and a liquid crystal layer in which the direction of orientation of liquid crystal molecules is changed in accordance with an applied voltage. In the second electrode layer, the plurality of electrodes extend in a direction inclined with respect to black lines extending in a predetermined direction in a black matrix. The direction of initial orientation of the liquid crystal molecules is substantially parallel to a transmission axis of a front-surface-side polarizing plate.

Abstract: A second-system terminal device installed in one vehicle is connected to a first-system backbone transmission line and a second-system backbone transmission line, and when having received a status information packet B from a first-system terminal device installed in another vehicle from the first-system backbone transmission line or the second-system backbone transmission line, the second-system terminal device installed in the one vehicle transfers a control packet A to the second-system terminal device adjacent to a side farther from a central device than the second-system terminal device that has received the status information packet B, by using the backbone transmission line from which the status information packet B has been received.