Abstract: The present invention provides a method for forming caramels having reduced low molecular weight species such as 4-MeI. The low-4-MeI caramels produced by this method have improved stability and taste relative to those known in the art. The invention also extends to the caramels produced by the disclosed methods and the use of such caramels in food and beverages.

Abstract: Management of a storage system is enabled. In an example, a partition index associated with the partition is obtained, the partition index comprising a group of nodes, a node in the group of nodes indicating metadata of an object in the group of objects. A valid node in the partition index is identified, the valid node indicating valid metadata of an object associated with the valid node in the storage system. A local index for the partition index is generated based on the valid node. In response to receiving an access request for a target object in the group of objects, the target object in the storage system is accessed based on the local index. With the foregoing example implementations, metadata in the storage system may be accessed more efficiently, and the overall response speed of the storage system may be increased.

Abstract: Provided are compositions with a citrus juice having a brix-to-acid ratio of less than about 16:1, and a miracle fruit component, as well as processes for making such compositions.

Abstract: To manage a storage system, data objects are divided to groups according to keyword ranges of the data objects in the storage system. Array sets associated with the groups are respectively generated. An array in the array set includes elements. The elements are set according to a keyword of at least one data object in the group and at least one hash function. At least a part of the arrays in the array sets respectively associated with the groups is loaded into a memory of the storage system. The storage system is managed based on at least the part of the arrays in the memory. Further, a corresponding device and a corresponding computer program product are provided. With the above example implementation, only a part of the arrays is loaded into the memory of the storage system, so that the overhead of memory resources can be reduced.

Abstract: Management of a storage system is enabled. In an example, a partition index associated with the partition is obtained, the partition index comprising a group of nodes, a node in the group of nodes indicating metadata of an object in the group of objects. A valid node in the partition index is identified, the valid node indicating valid metadata of an object associated with the valid node in the storage system. A local index for the partition index is generated based on the valid node. In response to receiving an access request for a target object in the group of objects, the target object in the storage system is accessed based on the local index. With the foregoing example implementations, metadata in the storage system may be accessed more efficiently, and the overall response speed of the storage system may be increased.

Abstract: Management of a storage system is enabled. In an example, a partition index associated with the partition is obtained, the partition index comprising a group of nodes, a node in the group of nodes indicating metadata of an object in the group of objects. A valid node in the partition index is identified, the valid node indicating valid metadata of an object associated with the valid node in the storage system. A local index for the partition index is generated based on the valid node. In response to receiving an access request for a target object in the group of objects, the target object in the storage system is accessed based on the local index. With the foregoing example implementations, metadata in the storage system may be accessed more efficiently, and the overall response speed of the storage system may be increased.

Abstract: To manage a storage system, data objects are divided to groups according to keyword ranges of the data objects in the storage system. Array sets associated with the groups are respectively generated. An array in the array set includes elements. The elements are set according to a keyword of at least one data object in the group and at least one hash function. At least a part of the arrays in the array sets respectively associated with the groups is loaded into a memory of the storage system. The storage system is managed based on at least the part of the arrays in the memory. Further, a corresponding device and a corresponding computer program product are provided. With the above example implementation, only a part of the arrays is loaded into the memory of the storage system, so that the overhead of memory resources can be reduced.

Abstract: Obtaining or facilitating obtaining statistical performance of a storage system is described. For instance, a method comprises: dividing a value range of performance of a storage system into a plurality of adjacent sub-ranges, an upper limit value of each sub-range being a predetermined multiple of a non-zero lower limit value of the sub-range. The method also comprises: determining a distribution of a plurality of measurement values of the performance among the plurality of sub-ranges. The method further comprises: estimating, based on the distribution, a percentile of the plurality of measurement values corresponding to a predetermined percentage to indicate statistical performance of the storage system. As a result, statistical performance indicators of the storage system can be obtained with an acceptable error using a small amount of memory resources.

Abstract: Embodiments for accessing data are provided. A method of accessing data comprises: receiving a request to access first data in a storage device, at least a part of data in the storage device being cached in a cache, and index information of the at least a part of data being recorded in an index structure associated with the cache; querying the index structure to determine whether the first data is cached in the cache; and accessing the first data based on a result of the query. Embodiments of the present disclosure can improve data accessing efficiency while saving memory consumption.

Abstract: Obtaining or facilitating obtaining statistical performance of a storage system is described. For instance, a method comprises: dividing a value range of performance of a storage system into a plurality of adjacent sub-ranges, an upper limit value of each sub-range being a predetermined multiple of a non-zero lower limit value of the sub-range. The method also comprises: determining a distribution of a plurality of measurement values of the performance among the plurality of sub-ranges. The method further comprises: estimating, based on the distribution, a percentile of the plurality of measurement values corresponding to a predetermined percentage to indicate statistical performance of the storage system. As a result, statistical performance indicators of the storage system can be obtained with an acceptable error using a small amount of memory resources.

Abstract: Management of a storage system is enabled. In an example, a partition index associated with the partition is obtained, the partition index comprising a group of nodes, a node in the group of nodes indicating metadata of an object in the group of objects. A valid node in the partition index is identified, the valid node indicating valid metadata of an object associated with the valid node in the storage system. A local index for the partition index is generated based on the valid node. In response to receiving an access request for a target object in the group of objects, the target object in the storage system is accessed based on the local index. With the foregoing example implementations, metadata in the storage system may be accessed more efficiently, and the overall response speed of the storage system may be increased.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a data processing method, a data processing apparatus, a data processing system and a non-volatile storage medium. The method comprises: an acquisition step of acquiring data from at least one data provider and acquiring an algorithm from an algorithm provider via an access gateway; a calculation step of calculating the data according to the algorithm, so as to obtain a calculation result; and a review step of reviewing the calculation result by the at least one data provider via the access gateway, so as to determine whether the calculation result is allowed to be output to at least one result data owner.

Abstract: Embodiments for accessing data are provided. A method of accessing data comprises: receiving a request to access first data in a storage device, at least a part of data in the storage device being cached in a cache, and index information of the at least a part of data being recorded in an index structure associated with the cache; querying the index structure to determine whether the first data is cached in the cache; and accessing the first data based on a result of the query. Embodiments of the present disclosure can improve data accessing efficiency while saving memory consumption.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for forming caramels having reduced low molecular weight species such as 4-MeI. The low-4-MeI caramels produced by this method have improved stability and taste relative to those known in the art. The invention also extends to the caramels produced by the disclosed methods and the use of such caramels in food and beverages.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for forming caramels having reduced low molecular weight species such as 4-MeI. The low-4-MeI caramels produced by this method have improved stability and taste relative to those known in the art. The invention also extends to the caramels produced by the disclosed methods and the use of such caramels in food and beverages.

Abstract: Provided are compositions with a citrus juice having a brix-to-acid ratio of less than about 16:1, and a miracle fruit component, as well as processes for making such compositions.

Abstract: A composition containing a stevia component, a miracle fruit component, and a beverage. A process of making a stevia sweetened beverage with miracle fruit.

Abstract: Recombinant photosynthetic microorganisms that convert inorganic carbon to secreted fatty acids are described. Methods to recover the secreted fatty acids from the culture medium without the need for cell harvesting are also described.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a data processing method, a data processing apparatus, a data processing system and a non-volatile storage medium. The method comprises: an acquisition step of acquiring data from at least one data provider and acquiring an algorithm from an algorithm provider via an access gateway; a calculation step of calculating the data according to the algorithm, so as to obtain a calculation result; and a review step of reviewing the calculation result by the at least one data provider via the access gateway, so as to determine whether the calculation result is allowed to be output to at least one result data owner.

Abstract: An automatic vessel access device based on real time volumetric ultrasound is provided. The automatic vessel access device comprises a probe configured to generate a VOI image of a candidate vessel in a real time volume ultrasound scan mode, a control device coupled to the probe, and at least one motor coupled to the control device. The control device comprises at least one processing module configured to determine at least one control parameter based on the VOI image, and a driver module coupled with the at least one processing module and configured to drive the at least one motor to automatically access the candidate vessel according to the at least one control parameter.