Abstract: A display device and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The display device comprises a substrate comprising a display area in which emission areas are arranged, a main non-display area around the display area, a hole area surrounded by the display area, and an additional non-display area between the hole area and the display area; a circuit layer; a light emitting element layer; a sealing layer; a through portion in the hole area and penetrating at least the substrate; and sealing auxiliary structures in the additional non-display area and sequentially surrounding the hole area. Each of the sealing auxiliary structures comprises a first undercut portion in which a first cover layer protrudes from a first main layer; and a second undercut portion in which a second cover layer protrudes from a second main layer.

Abstract: The invention provides a plasmid comprising two or more anti-obesity genes. Also provided by the invention are compositions and host cells comprising the plasmid and methods of increasing the metabolic activity in a mammal. The invention provides a plasmid comprising two or more of (a) a nucleic acid sequence encoding islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), (b) a nucleic acid sequence encoding leptin (LEP), and (c) a nucleic acid sequence encoding fibronectin type III domain containing 5 (FNDC5).

Abstract: The invention provides a plasmid comprising two or more anti-obesity genes. Also provided by the invention are compositions and host cells comprising the plasmid and methods of increasing the metabolic activity in a mammal. The invention provides a plasmid comprising two or more of (a) a nucleic acid sequence encoding islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), (b) a nucleic acid sequence encoding leptin (LEP), and (c) a nucleic acid sequence encoding fibronectin type III domain containing 5 (FNDC5).

Abstract: Therapeutic compositions are disclosed which contain a therapeutic agent and a bile acid or bile acid conjugate. The compositions can be absorbed via enterohepatic circulation. The compositions include a cationic moiety and an anionic polymer, which are coupled through electrostatic interactions. The therapeutic compositions can be used for the treatment of diseases or disorders.

Abstract: Therapeutic compositions are disclosed which contain a therapeutic agent and a bile acid or bile acid conjugate. The compositions can be absorbed via enterohepatic circulation. The compositions include a cationic moiety and an anionic polymer, which are coupled through electrostatic interactions. The therapeutic compositions can be used for the treatment of diseases or disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reducing or non-reducing polynucleotide polymer using a nucleotide from AMP, ADP, ATP, GMP, GDP, GTP, CMP, CDP and CTP, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC), and N-hydroxy-succinimide (NHS) for drug delivery and a method for preparing same, and provides a reducing or non-reducing polymer synthesized by using nucleotides, a method for preparing same, and a polymer composition for drug delivery containing the reducing or non-reducing polymer.

Abstract: Therapeutic compositions are disclosed which contain a therapeutic agent and a bile acid or bile acid conjugate. The compositions can be absorbed via enterohepatic circulation. The compositions include a cationic moiety and an anionic polymer, which are coupled through electrostatic interactions. The therapeutic compositions can be used for the treatment of diseases or disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a reducing or non-reducing polynucleotide polymer for drug delivery and a method for preparing same, and provides a reducing or non-reducing polymer synthesized by using nucleotides, a method for preparing same, and a polymer composition for drug delivery containing the reducing or non-reducing polymer. The present invention relates to a drug delivery carrier for delivering proteins or peptides to a targeted area through electrostatic attraction, by obtaining a negatively (?) charged polymer by using nucleotides to synthesize the reducing or non-reducing polymer, which is easily breakable due to disulfide bonds, and then bonding the negatively (?) charged polymer with a positively (+) charged protein or peptide, wherein a polymer derived from a non-viral drug delivery carrier containing the novel reducing or non-reducing polymer is capable of effectively enabling escape of a drug, delivered by means of proton buffering activity, from an endosome to other organelles in a cell.

Abstract: A system, method and device for treating tumor cells utilizing a resorbable therapy seed made up of microspheres containing a beta- or alpha-particle-emitting radiation source and a resorbable polymer matrix. These seeds are implanted within the tumor and then rapidly dissolved so as to release the microspheres from the polymer matrix. These microspheres then spread within a preselected target area and provide radiation therapy in a predetermined amount and at a preselected rate according the specific needs and necessities of the users. The configuration of the microspheres, the types of radiation provided and the location and use of these microspheres provides desired localized treatment to target cells while preferentially avoiding or minimizing undesired damage to surrounding tissue. The present invention provides a method for making the seeds, as well as a method for utilizing the seeds as a part of the treatment method.

Abstract: A system, method and device for treating tumor cells utilizing a resorbable therapy seed made up of microspheres containing a beta- or alpha-particle-emitting radiation source and a resorbable polymer matrix. These seeds are implanted within the tumor and then rapidly dissolved so as to release the microspheres from the polymer matrix. These microspheres then spread within a preselected target area and provide radiation therapy in a predetermined amount and at a preselected rate according the specific needs and necessities of the users. The configuration of the microspheres, the types of radiation provided and the location and use of these microspheres provides desired localized treatment to target cells while preferentially avoiding or minimizing undesired damage to surrounding tissue. The present invention provides a method for making the seeds, as well as a method for utilizing the seeds as a part of the treatment method.

Abstract: A system, method and device for treating tumor cells utilizing a resorbable therapy seed made up of microspheres containing a beta- or alpha-particle-emitting radiation source and a resorbable polymer matrix. These seeds are implanted within the tumor and then rapidly dissolved so as to release the microspheres from the polymer matrix. These microspheres then spread within a preselected target area and provide radiation therapy in a predetermined amount and at a preselected rate according the specific needs and necessities of the users. The configuration of the microspheres, the types of radiation provided and the location and use of these microspheres provides desired localized treatment to target cells while preferentially avoiding or minimizing undesired damage to surrounding tissue. The present invention provides a method for making the seeds, as well as a method for utilizing the seeds as a part of the treatment method.

Abstract: A system, method and device for treating tumor cells utilizing a resorbable therapy seed made up of microspheres containing a beta- or alpha-particle-emitting radiation source and a resorbable polymer matrix. These seeds are implanted within the tumor and then rapidly dissolved so as to release the microspheres from the polymer matrix. These microspheres then spread within a preselected target area and provide radiation therapy in a predetermined amount and at a preselected rate according the specific needs and necessities of the users. The configuration of the microspheres, the types of radiation provided and the location and use of these microspheres provides desired localized treatment to target cells while preferentially avoiding or minimizing undesired damage to surrounding tissue. The present invention provides a method for making the seeds, as well as a method for utilizing the seeds as a part of the treatment method.

Abstract: A drug delivery vehicle for targeted delivery of a drug mimics viral properties of size, capsid-like protein capsule, cell-specific entry, toxin release, destruction of infected cells, and migration to neighboring cells. This vehicle, termed a virogel, contains a hydrophobic polymeric core, a hydrophilic inner shell, a hydrophilic outer shell, and a ligand. An illustrative drug-loaded virogel includes poly(L-histidine-co-phenylalanine) as the core, doxorubicin loaded in the core, polyethylene glycol as the inner shell, bovine serum albumin as the outer shell, and folic acid as the ligand.

Abstract: Mixed micelles containing poly(L-histidine-co-phenylalanine)-poly(ethylene glycol) block copolymer and poly(L-lactic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol) block copolymer are a pH-sensitive drug carrier that release the drug in an acidic microenvironment, but not in the blood. Since the microenvironment of solid tumors is acidic, these mixed micelles are useful for treating cancer, including those cancers exhibiting multidrug resistance. Targeting ligands, such as folate, can also be attached to the mixed micelles for enhancing drug delivery into cells. Methods of treating a warm-blooded animal with such a drug are disclosed.

Abstract: Mixed micelles containing poly(L-histidine)-poly(ethylene glycol) block copolymer and poly(L-lactic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol) block copolymer are a pH-sensitive drug carrier that release the drug in an acidic microenvironment, but not in the blood. Since the microenvironment of solid tumors is acidic, these mixed micelles are useful for treating cancer, including those cancers exhibiting multidrug resistance. Targeting ligands, such as folate, can also be attached to the mixed micelles for enhancing drug delivery into cells. Methods of treating a warm-blooded animal with such a drug are disclosed.

Abstract: Described herein is the synthesis and pharmacology of polymersomes containing one or more bioactive agents. The polymersome is generally derived from a polymer having the formula XY2, wherein X includes a hydrophilic group and Y includes a hydrophobic group. Also described herein are methods for making and using the polymersomes as drug delivery devices.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a block copolymer formed by coupling the following components with each other, as well as a hydrogel composition comprising the block copolymer and a hydrogel formed from the composition: (a) a copolymer of a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based compound with a biodegradable polymer; and (b) a sulfonamide-based oligomer. The inventive block copolymer shows the sol-gel transition behavior sensitive to changes in not only temperature but also pH. Thus, the inventive block copolymer overcomes the shortcomings of temperature-sensitive copolymers, form a more strong and stable hydrogel, and is stable in vivo. Accordingly, the inventive block copolymer can be used in various applications in the medical and drug delivery fields.

Abstract: A system, method and device for treating tumor cells utilizing a resorbable therapy seed made up of microspheres containing a beta-particle-emitting radiation source and a resorbable polymer matrix. These seeds are implanted within the tumor and then rapidly dissolved or broken so as to release the microspheres. These microspheres then spread within a preselected target area and provide radiation therapy in a predetermined amount and at a preselected rate according the specific needs and necessities of the users. The configuration of the microspheres, the types of radiation provided and the location and use of these microspheres provides desired localized treatment to target cells while preferentially avoiding undesired damage to surrounding tissue. The present invention provides a method for making the seeds, as well as a method for utilizing the seeds as a part of the treatment method.

Abstract: A system, method and device for treating tumor cells utilizing a resorbable therapy seed made up of microspheres containing a beta- or alpha-particle-emitting radiation source and a resorbable polymer matrix. These seeds are implanted within the tumor and then rapidly dissolved so as to release the microspheres from the polymer matrix. These microspheres then spread within a preselected target area and provide radiation therapy in a predetermined amount and at a preselected rate according the specific needs and necessities of the users. The configuration of the microspheres, the types of radiation provided and the location and use of these microspheres provides desired localized treatment to target cells while preferentially avoiding or minimizing undesired damage to surrounding tissue. The present invention provides a method for making the seeds, as well as a method for utilizing the seeds as a part of the treatment method.

Abstract: Mixed micelles containing poly(L-histidine)-poly(ethylene glycol) block copolymer and poly(L-lactic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol) block copolymer are a pH-sensitive drug carrier that release the drug in an acidic microenvironment, but not in the blood. Since the microenvironment of solid tumors is acidic, these mixed micelles are useful for treating cancer, including those cancers exhibiting multidrug resistance. Targeting ligands, such as folate, can also be attached to the mixed micelles for enhancing drug delivery into cells. Methods of treating a warm-blooded animal with such a drug are disclosed.