Abstract: A method of a terminal may comprise: receiving system information including terrestrial cell reselection parameters and on-board cell reselection parameters; determining whether the terminal is in an on-board state with respect to a first base station; and in response to determining that the terminal is in the on-board state with respect to the first base station, performing cell reselection by applying the on-board cell reselection parameters to reception measurement on the first base station.

Abstract: Provided is a display device including a display panel, an optical sensor, a timing controller, a scan driver, a data driver, and an image controller. The timing controller controls an image refresh rate of the display panel based on are fresh rate control signal. Thus, the display device provides improved visibility.

Abstract: A method of a terminal may comprise: selecting one of a TN base station or NTN base station as a first base station; performing a first access registration procedure between the terminal and a core network through the first base station; identifying whether the core network supports dual-steering, based on a result of the first access registration procedure; in response to identifying that the core network supports dual-steering, performing a second access registration procedure between the terminal and the core network through a second base station other than the first base station among the TN base station or the NTN base station; and in response to a success of the second access registration procedure, performing a multiple access (MA) protocol data unit (PDU) session establishment procedure according to dual-steering through the first base station.

Abstract: A method of a terminal for a RACH-less handover may comprise: receiving, from a source cell, information on a UL grant for UL transmission in a target cell, the information on the UL grant including a start time and an expiration time of the UL grant and/or a maximum number of transmissions according to the UL grant; performing transmission of an RRC reconfiguration complete message using resources indicated by the UL grant from the start time, until the expiration time or until the transmission is completed up to the maximum number of transmissions from the start time; and in response to the transmission of the RRC reconfiguration complete message not being successful until the expiration time or until the transmission is completed up to the maximum number of transmissions, performing a fallback procedure for the RACH-less handover.

Abstract: A method of a terminal may comprise: establishing first RRC connections with a first base station and a second base station; in response to a first event condition being satisfied, requesting preparation for first traffic switching by transmitting a first measurement report to the first base station; performing a first RRC reconfiguration procedure with the second base station; releasing the first RRC connection with the first base station; and transitioning to a first RRC-inactive state and a first connection management (CM)-inactive state for the first base station.

Abstract: A random access method performed by a communication node may comprise: receiving RACH configuration information; measuring a distance between a base station and a terminal or a signal characteristic value corresponding to the distance between the base station and the terminal; determining a timing offset value to be applied to random access preamble transmission using the signal characteristic value, preset threshold value, and preset timing offset value; and transmitting a random access preamble generated on the basis of the RACH configuration information to the base station, wherein the threshold value and the timing offset value are included in the RACH configuration information.

Abstract: A method of an IAB node may comprise: receiving an RRC message including measurement control information from a base station; transmitting RRC reconfiguration information including the measurement control information to each of a plurality of terminals; receiving a measurement report message including a measurement report generated by each of the plurality of terminals based on the measurement control information from each of the plurality of terminals; and grouping the measurement report messages received from the plurality of terminals into a grouped message report message, and transmitting the grouped measurement report message to the base station according to a grouped measurement reporting periodicity.

Abstract: A method of an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node may include: receiving, from a target base station, one or more user equipment (UE) context setup request messages including terminal radio resource reconfiguration information; sharing context information including the terminal radio resource reconfiguration information with a source IAB-distributed unit 1 (IAB-DU1); configuring terminal reconfiguration information using the shared context information; and transmitting one or more UE context setup response messages including the terminal reconfiguration information to the target base station in response to the one or more UE context setup request messages.

Abstract: A method of a terminal, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, may include: requesting access to a mobile integrated access backhaul (IAB) based on cell search; receiving a tracking area (TA) update procedure stop request message from an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) of a core network; and deactivating a TA update procedure based on the TA update procedure stop request message.

Abstract: A method of an aerial vehicle for urban air mobility may include: reporting, to a first base station, a measurement result for neighboring base stations including a second base station; receiving, from the first base station and as a processing result based on the measurement result, an indication of a failure of a handover to the second base station; requesting, to a control station, first location information indicating a first location to move according to the failure of the handover; receiving the first location information from the control station; and moving according to the received first location information.

Abstract: An operation method of a terminal in a communication system may comprise: in response to occurrence of uplink (UL) data, transmitting a scheduling request (SR) for the UL data to a base station; performing a UL timing alignment procedure with the base station when a UL timing between the terminal and the base station is not synchronized; receiving a UL grant for the UL data from the base station; and transmitting the UL data to the base station using resources indicated by the UL grant.

Abstract: A method for setting synchronization between terminals performing device-to-device (D2D) communication based on a cellular communication system is disclosed. The method for setting synchronization between terminals includes receiving a message instructing synchronization setting with an opposite terminal from a base station, selecting a first preamble transmitted for a synchronization setting with the opposite terminal based on the message instructing synchronization setting, transmitting the selected first preamble to the opposite terminal, receiving a second preamble from the opposite terminal, and setting the synchronization with the opposite terminal using a reception timing of the second preamble when the second preamble is a preamble designated in the message instructing synchronization setting.

Abstract: A method of providing service continuity between cellular communication and device-to-device communication is disclosed. A procedure for switching between cellular communication and device-to-device communication according to an example embodiment of the present invention may include transferring, by a gateway, a D2D bearer creation request message to an MME, transferring, by the MME, the D2D bearer creation request message to a base station, mapping, by the base station, D2D bearer QoS to D2D radio bearer QoS and transmitting an RRC connection reconfiguration message to terminals, receiving, by the base station, an RRC connection reconfiguration completion message indicating creation of a D2D radio bearer from the terminals, transmitting, by the base station, a D2D bearer creation response message indicating creation of a D2D bearer to the MME, and transferring, by the MME, the D2D bearer creation response message to the gateway.

Abstract: A method for setting synchronization between terminals performing device-to-device (D2D) communication based on a cellular communication system is disclosed. The method for setting synchronization between terminals includes receiving a message instructing synchronization setting with an opposite terminal from a base station, selecting a first preamble transmitted for a synchronization setting with the opposite terminal based on the message instructing synchronization setting, transmitting the selected first preamble to the opposite terminal, receiving a second preamble from the opposite terminal, and setting the synchronization with the opposite terminal using a reception timing of the second preamble when the second preamble is a preamble designated in the message instructing synchronization setting.

Abstract: Provided are a device-to-device (D2D) group communication method and a device using the same. The method includes transmitting a scheduling request for D2D group communication to a base station, receiving first radio resource information for a status report of D2D data to be transmitted from the base station, transmitting a D2D buffer status report to the base station through a first radio resource, receiving second radio resource information including D2D resource allocation information necessary for the D2D group communication from the base station, and transmitting control information for the D2D group communication including a D2D group identifier (ID) as a device ID and D2D user data to two or more communication partner devices belonging to the D2D group.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of transmitting and receiving a small amount of uplink data. A method of transmitting uplink data includes detecting uplink data to be transmitted, determining whether or not uplink data transmission is necessary only once, transmitting a service request message including information instructing that a data radio bearer not be generated when it is determined that uplink data transmission is necessary only once, starting a radio resource control (RRC) connection setup process, and performing the uplink data transmission once using a signaling radio bearer without generating the data radio bearer with reference to the information instructing that the data radio bearer not be generated, during the RRC connection setup process, when it is determined that \ uplink data transmission is necessary only once.

Abstract: A method for discovery in device-to-device communications and an apparatus for the same are disclosed. The method performed in a device-to-device server supporting device-to-device discovery between a discovery terminal and a discoverable terminal may include receiving a device-to-device discovery participation message from the discoverable terminal, requesting a gateway to measure a proximity between the discovery terminal and the discoverable terminal, receiving a proximity measurement result from the gateway, and requesting the discovery terminal and the discoverable terminal to initiate a procedure of device-to-device discovery when the proximity measurement result satisfies a predetermined threshold. Thus, the procedure of device-to-device discovery may be performed efficiently.

Abstract: A method of providing service continuity between cellular communication and device-to-device communication is disclosed. A procedure for switching between cellular communication and device-to-device communication according to an example embodiment of the present invention may include transferring, by a gateway, a D2D bearer creation request message to an MME, transferring, by the MME, the D2D bearer creation request message to a base station, mapping, by the base station, D2D bearer QoS to D2D radio bearer QoS and transmitting an RRC connection reconfiguration message to terminals, receiving, by the base station, an RRC connection reconfiguration completion message indicating creation of a D2D radio bearer from the terminals, transmitting, by the base station, a D2D bearer creation response message indicating creation of a D2D bearer to the MME, and transferring, by the MME, the D2D bearer creation response message to the gateway.

Abstract: Provided is a technology that enables a terminal to quickly perform an idle-to-active state shift and to quickly perform a handover using a carrier aggregation characteristic. The terminal may attempt a Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection establishment using a plurality of carrier components. When the RRC connection establishment using one of the carrier components succeeds, the terminal may transmit an RRC reconfiguration complete message to a base station.

Abstract: Enclosed are a mobile terminal and a method of performing handover. The mobile terminal is connected to a selected network among a plurality of networks sensed in accordance with the movement of the mobile terminal so that handover is performed between different networks and that a service used by the mobile terminal is continuously provided. Therefore, the convenience of a user is improved and network utility is improved.