Abstract: A method for producing a composition comprising conjugated linoleic acid in an amount of at least 55% by weight, comprises: (i) providing a liquid mixture comprising, as the free acids, from 50 to 95% by weight conjugated linoleic acid and at least 5% by weight of saturated C12-C22 fatty acids; (ii) cooling the liquid mixture to a temperature at which at least a part of the saturated C12-C22 fatty acids precipitate from the mixture as a solid; and (iii) separating the solid from the liquid, wherein the liquid obtained in (iii) comprises conjugated linoleic acid in an amount of at least 55% by weight.

Abstract: A process for producing a conjugated di- or poly-unsaturated fatty acid having from 12 to 24 carbon atoms, or a salt or ester thereof, comprises: reacting a non-conjugated free fatty acid, or a salt or ester thereof, with a base in the presence of an alcoholic solvent comprising ethanol; and separating the conjugated fatty acid from the reaction mixture, wherein the separation of the conjugated fatty acid from the reaction mixture comprises contacting the reaction mixture with an aqueous salt solution and removing a liquid phase which comprises the salt solution and at least a part of the solvent from a solid phase which comprises a salt of the conjugated fatty acid.

Abstract: A process for producing a conjugated di- or poly-unsaturated fatty acid having from 12 to 24 carbon atoms, or a salt or ester thereof, comprises: reacting a non-conjugated free fatty acid, or a salt or ester thereof, with a base in the presence of an alcoholic solvent comprising ethanol; and separating the conjugated fatty acid from the reaction mixture, wherein the separation of the conjugated fatty acid from the reaction mixture comprises contacting the reaction mixture with an aqueous salt solution and removing a liquid phase which comprises the salt solution and at least a part of the solvent from a solid phase which comprises a salt of the conjugated fatty acid.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a material comprising conjugated isomers of a polyunsaturated fatty acid comprises: treating a first fatty acid mixture comprising saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the presence of ethanol to form (i) a solid fraction and (ii) a liquid fraction comprising a second fatty acid mixture, wherein the second fatty acid mixture has a higher molar ratio of total polyunsaturated fatty acids to total saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids than the first fatty acid mixture; separating the solid fraction and the liquid fraction; and subjecting the second fatty acid mixture or a derivative or reaction product thereof to treatment with a base in the presence of a solvent, to form conjugated isomers of at least some of the polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Abstract: A food product comprises a fat continuous emulsion, wherein the emulsion comprises a material comprising one or more organic compounds, said material being obtainable as an extract from pine needles.

Abstract: A composition which is obtainable as an extract from pine needles, having therapeutic activity and comprising isocupressic acid compounds in an amount of less than 0.01 wt % and further comprising one or more organic acids, can be used in foodstuffs, pharmaceutical compositions and food supplements.

Abstract: A process for producing a conjugated di- or poly- unsaturated fatty acid having from 12 to 24 carbon atoms, or a salt or ester thereof, comprises reacting a non-conjugated free fatty acid, or a salt or ester thereof, with a base in the presence of a solvent comprising a monohydric alcohol having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein the reaction is carried out at a temperature of from 120° C. to 200° C. in the presence of water in an amount of at least 4% by weight based on alcohol.

Abstract: The invention concerns a novel process for the production of glycerol esters of polyunsaturated fatty acids, in particular of C18:2 conjugated fatty acids, by converting the polyunsaturated fatty acids with glycerol in the presence of a mixed catalyst comprising a combination of a food grade salt of a strong base and a weak acid and a soap of an organic acid with 2-26 C-atoms, preferably 10-20 C-atoms.

Abstract: The invention concerns a novel process for the production of glycerol esters of polyunsaturated fatty acids, in particular of C18:2 conjugated fatty acids, by converting the polyunsaturated fatty acids with glycerol in the presence of a mixed catalyst comprising a combination of a food grade salt of a strong base and a weak acid and a soap of an organic acid with 2-26 C-atoms, preferably 10-20 C-atoms.