Abstract: A surgical instrument (10), comprising: a surgical execution component (100), a linkage part (200), and a manipulation component (300), the distal end of the linkage part (200) being connected to the surgical execution component (100) and the proximal end of the linkage part (200) being connected to the manipulation component (300). The surgical instrument (10) uses the linkage part (200) having two rotational degrees of freedom, such that when the manipulation component (300) drives, by means of the linkage part (200), the surgical execution component (100) to rotate at a fifth rotational degree of freedom (R5) and/or a sixth rotational degree of freedom (R6), the swing directions of the surgical execution component (100) and the manipulation component (300) at a first rotational degree of freedom (R1) and a second rotational degree of freedom (R2) are consistent.

Abstract: A surgical robot and a surgical instrument are disclosed. The surgical instrument includes a wire transmission and an end section. The wire transmission includes a base and n transmission modules each including at least one end drive shaft, two traction elements and two guide pulleys. Each of the guide pulleys comprises a groove for receiving therein a respective one of the traction elements. The groove has a plane of rotation, an entry point of tangency and an exit point of tangency. An angle between the traction element defined by the end drive shaft and the entry point of tangency and the plane of rotation is in the range of 0-0.2°. Projections of all the traction elements at the respective exit points of tangency on the proximal end portion are circumferentially arranged in the same order as the circumferential arrangement of the respective through holes.

Abstract: A snakelike surgical instrument, comprising a handheld structure (2); an manipulating structure (1) comprising an outer frame (13) hingedly connected to the handheld structure (2) so that the manipulating structure (1) has a rotational degree of freedom (R1?) around a first axis and an inner frame (14) hingedly connected to the outer frame (13) so that the manipulating structure (1) has a rotational degree of freedom (R2?) around a second axis, the first axis and the second axis forming an angle; an end unit (4) connected to the handheld structure (2) by means of a connecting component (3) and comprising a tool supporting base (41) and a snakelike structure (40) connected to the tool supporting base (41), the snakelike structure (40) having degrees of freedom of motion (R1, R2) in the same direction as the manipulating structure (1); and a transmission unit (5) comprising a flexible transmission structure connected to the inner frame (14) and the snakelike structure (40).

Abstract: A snakelike surgical instrument, comprising a handheld structure (2); an manipulating structure (1) comprising an outer frame (13) hingedly connected to the handheld structure (2) so that the manipulating structure (1) has a rotational degree of freedom (R1?) around a first axis and an inner frame (14) hingedly connected to the outer frame (13) so that the manipulating structure (1) has a rotational degree of freedom (R2?) around a second axis, the first axis and the second axis forming an angle; an end unit (4) connected to the handheld structure (2) by means of a connecting component (3) and comprising a tool supporting base (41) and a snakelike structure (40) connected to the tool supporting base (41), the snakelike structure (40) having degrees of freedom of motion (R1, R2) in the same direction as the manipulating structure (1); and a transmission unit (5) comprising a flexible transmission structure connected to the inner frame (14) and the snakelike structure (40).

Abstract: A surgical instrument (10), comprising: a surgical execution component (100), a linkage part (200), and a manipulation component (300), the distal end of the linkage part (200) being connected to the surgical execution component (100) and the proximal end of the linkage part (200) being connected to the manipulation component (300). The surgical instrument (10) uses the linkage part (200) having two rotational degrees of freedom, such that when the manipulation component (300) drives, by means of the linkage part (200), the surgical execution component (100) to rotate at a fifth rotational degree of freedom (R5) and/or a sixth rotational degree of freedom (R6), the swing directions of the surgical execution component (100) and the manipulation component (300) at a first rotational degree of freedom (R1) and a second rotational degree of freedom (R2) are consistent.