Abstract: Proposed is a method of preparing glucaric acid from glucose through TEMPO oxidation. The method of preparing glucaric acid includes (a) reacting glucose in a solvent through an oxidation reaction using 4-acetamido-TEMPO serving as a nitroxide radical-mediated organocatalyst, potassium bromide serving as a co-catalyst, and potassium hypochlorite serving as an oxidizing agent to prepare glucaric acid. The method can improve the conversion efficiency of glucose to glucaric acid through optimal conditions of the temperature, pH, and input of the oxidizing agent in an oxidation reaction using a TEMPO acid catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a battery cell holder with improved cooling efficiency and a battery system including the same. More specifically, the battery cell holder for fixing a plurality of cylindrical battery cells includes a support part that includes a through hole having a first diameter, at least a portion of an inner surface of the through hole coming into contact with an outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical battery cell to fix the cylindrical battery cell; and a stepped part that extends from the support part, includes a through hole having a second diameter, and is spaced apart from the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical battery cell to form a predetermined gap, in which the second diameter is larger than the first diameter.

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery pack including a laminate including a plurality of electrode assemblies each having a structure in which an electrode and a separation membrane are alternately arranged, the plurality of electrode assemblies being laminated in a first direction, an accommodation member having an inner space in which the laminate is accommodated and including an inlet provided on one side thereof, through which a cooling fluid is introduced, and an outlet provided on another side thereof, through which the cooling fluid is discharged, the another side opposing the one side in a second direction crossing the first direction, and a distribution member that is spaced from the laminate in a third direction crossing the first direction and the second direction and changes a flow direction of the cooling fluid, wherein the distribution member has a shape extending in the one direction.

Abstract: Provided is a battery module with a vapor chamber in which a plurality of battery cells included in the battery module are cooled by the plurality of vapor chambers each filled with a working fluid.

Abstract: Provided is a battery module comprising a bent vapor chamber. In this battery module, a plurality of battery cells included in the battery module are cooled by the plurality of bent vapor chambers.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a battery cooling fin, and more particularly, to a battery cooling fin for cooling cylindrical battery cells. The present disclosure provides a battery cooling fin and a battery cooling system including the same, the battery cooling fin being a cooling fin that is an extruded material to be inserted between cylindrical battery cells while having excellent thermal conductivity, to provide a replaceable battery applied to a small electric vehicle or a two-wheeled vehicle.

Abstract: Provided is an immersion cooling system, and more particularly, an immersion cooling system which may more efficiently manage a temperature of a battery. The immersion cooling system may increase a heat exchange area and solve a problem of a high temperature of a cell core by positioning a plurality of cooling paths through each of which a cooling fluid flows in surface pressure pads stacked on each other between battery cells.

Abstract: A battery cooling device for an electric vehicle includes a cooling block including accommodating units, each accommodating unit accommodating an end part of one or more battery cells. The cooling block cools lateral circumferences of the battery cells accommodated in the accommodating units. The cooling block includes an inlet nipple to introduce coolant into the cooling block, an inlet chamber to communicate with the inlet nipple, branch channels individually connected to the inlet chamber, an outlet chamber to communicate with each of the branch channels, and an outlet nipple to discharge the coolant to the outside.

Abstract: An immersion type battery cooling system includes a cooling block configured to accommodate a cooling fluid flowable within the cooling block, and a battery accommodated within the cooling block. The cooling block has a vortex generator, formed on an inner wall of the cooling block, configured to protrude towards the battery.

Abstract: Provided are complex elements for an antenna of a radio frequency repeater and a dipole array circular polarization antenna using the same. The complex elements for the antenna of the RF repeater include: a plurality of radiation members which are separated from one another by a predetermined angular distance and has a radiation portion and a leg portion, the radiation portion comprising a pair of parallel portions, which are separated from each other in a vertical direction and are disposed to be parallel to each other, and a connection portion, which is disposed to be perpendicular to the pair of parallel portions and connects ends of each of the pair of parallel portions, and the leg portion extending from the radiation portion; and a plurality of feeding members, each of the feeding members connected to each of the radiation members that face each other, among the plurality of radiation members.

Abstract: Provided are complex elements for an antenna of a radio frequency repeater and a dipole array circular polarization antenna using the same. The complex elements for the antenna of the RF repeater include: a plurality of radiation members which are separated from one another by a predetermined angular distance and has a radiation portion and a leg portion, the radiation portion comprising a pair of parallel portions, which are separated from each other in a vertical direction and are disposed to be parallel to each other, and a connection portion, which is disposed to be perpendicular to the pair of parallel portions and connects ends of each of the pair of parallel portions, and the leg portion extending from the radiation portion; and a plurality of feeding members, each of the feeding members connected to each of the radiation members that face each other, among the plurality of radiation members.