Abstract: A memory storage device that performs real-time monitoring is provided. The memory storage device comprises a memory controller, and a status indicating module/circuit, wherein the memory controller is configured to perform a first a second initialization operation, the first and second initialization operations performed in response to turning-on of the memory storage device, to generate a first status parameter regarding a status of the memory storage device in which the first initialization operation is performed, and to generate a second status parameter regarding the status of the memory storage device in which a second initialization operation is performed. The status indicating circuit includes a first transistor configured to operate on the basis of the first status parameter, a first resistor connected to the first transistor, a second transistor configured to operate on the basis of the second status parameter, and a second resistor connected to the second transistor.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus to perform direct printing of print data, wherein the image forming apparatus receives print data encoded in a first encoding method, determines whether the received print data includes a character expressed in 2 bytes, converts the print data encoded in the first encoding method to be encoded in a second encoding method of analyzing the character expressed in 2 bytes in the image forming apparatus if the print data includes the character expressed in 2 bytes, and forms an image of the converted print data.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus that may include a communication interface unit to receive an Extensible Markup Language (XML) Paper Specification (XPS) file, a determination unit to determine whether printing options set for the received XPS file are supported by the image forming apparatus, and a user interface unit to display a message that a printing option set for the received XPS file is an unsupported printing option if the printing option is not supported by the image forming apparatus.

Abstract: A printing control apparatus includes a user interface to display at least one of pre-stored hierarchical printing options if a command to print an XPS file is received, an analysis unit to analyze a hierarchical structure of the XPS file, an applying unit to apply a pre-stored hierarchical printing option selected from among the at least one displayed hierarchical printing options to the hierarchical structure of the XPS file, and a communication interface to transmit the XPS file to which the hierarchical printing option is applied to the image forming apparatus. Therefore, a user can hierarchically set frequently used hierarchical printing options in a convenient manner.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus to perform direct printing of print data, wherein the image forming apparatus receives print data encoded in a first encoding method, determines whether the received print data includes a character expressed in 2 bytes, converts the print data encoded in the first encoding method to be encoded in a second encoding method of analyzing the character expressed in 2 bytes in the image forming apparatus if the print data includes the character expressed in 2 bytes, and forms an image of the converted print data.

Abstract: A printing control apparatus includes a user interface to display at least one of pre-stored hierarchical printing options if a command to print an XPS file is received, an analysis unit to analyze a hierarchical structure of the XPS file, an applying unit to apply a pre-stored hierarchical printing option selected from among the at least one displayed hierarchical printing options to the hierarchical structure of the XPS file, and a communication interface to transmit the XPS file to which the hierarchical printing option is applied to the image forming apparatus. Therefore, a user can hierarchically set frequently used hierarchical printing options in a convenient manner.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus that may include a communication interface unit to receive an Extensible Markup Language (XML) Paper Specification (XPS) file, a determination unit to determine whether printing options set for the received XPS file are supported by the image forming apparatus, and a user interface unit to display a message that a printing option set for the received XPS file is an unsupported printing option if the printing option is not supported by the image forming apparatus.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus to set additional emulation functions includes a parsing unit to parse received print data and determine whether setting additional one or more emulation functions is necessary, and a control unit to provide a user interface (UI) to select the additional one or more emulation functions if a determination is made that setting the additional one or more emulation functions is necessary. Therefore, the user can set additional emulation functions necessary to print data using the UI with ease without checking and individually setting the additional emulation functions, and can set additional emulation functions according to personal needs, and thus user convenience is improved.