Abstract: A method of measuring a step height of a device using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), the method may include providing a device which comprises a first region and a second region, wherein a step is formed between the first region and the second region, obtaining a SEM image of the device by photographing the device using a SEM, wherein the SEM image comprises a first SEM image region for the first region and a second SEM image region for the second region, converting the SEM image into a gray-level histogram and calculating a first peak value related to the first SEM image region and a second peak value related to the second SEM image region, wherein the first peak value and the second peak value are repeatedly calculated by varying a focal length of the SEM, and determining a height of the step by analyzing a trend of changes in the first peak value according to changes in the focal length and a trend of changes in the second peak value according to the changes in the focal length.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for allocating a sequence to a synchronization channel for a node identification (ID), the apparatus including: a base node sequence generator to generate a base sequence that is a sequence for a node ID of a base node; a relay node sequence generator to generate a relay sequence that is a sequence for a node ID of a relay node by transforming the base sequence; a baseband signal generator to generate a baseband signal by mapping the base sequence or the relay sequence to a frequency domain and a time domain; and a transmitter to transmit the baseband signal.

Abstract: A resistive memory device includes a plurality of first switches that connect word lines to a ground line in response a first switch control signal and a plurality of second switches that connect a plurality of global bit lines to a plurality of local bit lines corresponding to the plurality of global bit lines in response to a second switch control signal.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode display device comprises: first and second substrates facing and spaced apart from each other; a gate line and a data line on the first substrate, the gate line and the data line crossing each other to define a plurality of pixel regions; at least one thin film transistor coupled to the gate line and the data line; a light emitting diode coupled to the at least one thin film transistor, the light emitting diode including a first electrode, an emitting layer and a second electrode; and a passivation layer on the light emitting diode, the passivation layer having a smaller area than the second electrode.

Abstract: The present inventive concept provides a driving method of memory controller controlling nonvolatile memory device using variable resistive element. The memory controller may control a plurality of first memory devices and a second memory device. A number of write drivers in the second memory device may be driven when a number of first memory devices among the plurality of first memory devices are used. A different number of write drivers in the second memory device may be driven when a different number of first memory devices among the plurality of first memory devices are used.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode (OLED) display device wherein permeation of moisture and oxygen thereinto is prevented and a method of manufacturing the OLED display device are disclosed. The OLED display device includes a substrate, an OLED including a first electrode, an organic emission layer, and a second electrode sequentially formed on the substrate, a protective film formed on the OLED, an encapsulation substrate adhered to an entire surface of the protective film via an adhesive, and a side protective film consisting of a silica film formed by curing a polysilazane solution so as to surround an exterior of elements between the substrate and the encapsulation substrate.

Abstract: Semiconductor device capable of preventing off-leakage of the transistor may include a pulse voltage generator configured to generate a pulse voltage, and a transistor configured to have a gate provided with the pulse voltage. The transistor is in an off state in response to the pulse voltage.

Abstract: A color calibration apparatus includes an image obtaining unit configured to obtain first and second photographed images which are generated by photographing first and second mono-color test images displayed on the display device; a controller configured to detect an ambient light area on which an ambient light is shining within the first photographed image based on pixel values of the first photographed image, and further configured to determine a remaining area of the first photographed image other than the ambient light area as a representative value calculating area; and an image processor configured to calculate a representative value based on pixel values of an area corresponding to the representative value calculating area within the second photographed image, and further configured to perform color calibration of the display device based on the representative value.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for allocating a sequence to a synchronization channel for a node identification (ID), the apparatus including: a base node sequence generator to generate a base sequence that is a sequence for a node ID of a base node; a relay node sequence generator to generate a relay sequence that is a sequence for a node ID of a relay node by transforming the base sequence; a baseband signal generator to generate a baseband signal by mapping the base sequence or the relay sequence to a frequency domain and a time domain; and a transmitter to transmit the baseband signal.

Abstract: A mask strip for manufacturing an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display is disclosed. In one aspect, the mask strip is extended in a length direction and fixed to a frame. The frame includes a plurality of masking pattern units arranged in a matrix format in which an opening pattern includes a plurality of rows that are substantially parallel to a width direction crossing the length direction and a plurality of columns that are substantially parallel to the length direction. The rows respectively have a curvature which is concave toward an inside of the masking pattern unit, and the columns respectively have a curvature which is convex toward an outside of the masking pattern unit.

Abstract: An embodiment mobile device includes an environment sensing unit configured to sense parameters of an environment, a data processing unit in communication with the environment sensing unit, the data processing unit configured to compile usage statistics based previously sensed parameters of the environment and to determine if any applications correspond to the environment based on currently sensed parameters of the environment and the usage statistics stored in a memory, and a display in communication with the data processing unit, the display configured to display on a homescreen the applications that correspond to the environment.

Abstract: Provided is a method for managing a group key in a key distribution center. The method includes: receiving a key request from a mobile device; generating a private key for the mobile device using information about a withdrawal time included in the key request; generating a public key and a verification key for the mobile device; and transmitting at least one key including the generated key to the mobile device.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a semiconductor package substrate including a base substrate, a mounting member mounted on an upper portion of the base substrate, and an adhesive layer formed between the base substrate and the mounting member, wherein the adhesive layer includes a thermally conductive adhesive and a ductile adhesive formed at the outer circumference of the thermally conductive adhesive.

Abstract: When a plurality of sectors transmit the same signal in a communication system, the same signal is transmitted after a weight is applied to the same signal. At this time, defective reception of the same signal in a terminal may be reduced by setting a weight pattern differently according to a symbol transmission time and a sector number.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of detecting, in a sample, embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and/or cells undergoing reprogramming to produce induced pluripotent stem cells. These methods include providing a sample potentially containing such cells and providing a rosamine derivative compound of the formula (I): where the rosamine derivative compound selectively produces fluorescent signals for embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and/or cells undergoing reprogramming to produce induced pluripotent stem cells. These methods also include the steps of contacting the sample with the rosamine derivative compound and detecting the presence of the embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and/or cells undergoing reprogramming to produce induced pluripotent stem cells based on fluorescent signals emitted by the sample following said contacting.

Abstract: A magnetic random access memory apparatus includes a memory cell array including a plurality of magnetic memory cells; a reference cell array including a pair of reference magnetic memory cells; a write driver configured to program data in the memory cell array and the reference cell array; and a first switching unit configured to form a current path which extends from a bit line connected to the write driver via the reference cell array including the pair of reference magnetic memory cells to a source line connected to the write driver or a current path which extends from a source line connected to the write driver via the reference cell array including the pair of reference magnetic memory cells to a bit line connected to the write driver.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for updating a key for encrypting multicast data in a wireless communication system. The method of the present invention is characterized by comprising: an information receiving step of receiving information on a group entry time and a group exit time from users who have newly entered an arbitrary group including at least one subgroup; a grouping step of grouping the users using the information on the group entry time and the group exit time; and a key transmission step of either transmitting, to the newly-entered users, keys related to the group and the subgroups, or updating, for the remaining users of the subgroups, both the key related to the subgroup to which the user exiting the group belongs and the key of the group and then transmitting the updated keys to the users of the subgroups.

Abstract: A display apparatus is disclosed. The display apparatus includes a display unit which displays a calibration screen divided into a plurality of areas when a calibration mode is initiated, an image generating unit which generates a guide image for displaying an arrangement position of a calibrator, and a controlling unit which controls the display unit to display a guide image on areas where calibration is to be performed of the plurality of areas. Accordingly, it becomes possible to improve user convenience and exactness of calibration.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a power module package including: a first heat dissipation plate including a first flow path, a second flow path, and a third flow path which are sequentially formed, the first flow path and the third flow path being formed to have a step therebetween; and a second heat dissipation plate formed under the first heat dissipation plate, having one face and the other face, having a semiconductor device mounting groove formed in the one face thereof, and including a fourth flow path having one end connected to the second flow path and the other end connected to the third flow path, wherein a cooling material introduced through the first flow path is distributed to the third flow path and the fourth flow path based on the second flow path.

Abstract: A mobile terminal communicates with a base station to request channel allocation for RFID communication, receives a channel from the base station, and communicates with an RFID tag through the allocated channel.