Abstract: The disclosure relates to a permanent magnet actuator comprising: a stator iron core having a space therein-side, and having a first wall and a second wall opposing the first wall; a movable element moving reciprocally between the first wall and the second wall, along a moving axis which connects the first wall and the second wall inside the space; a first magnetomotive force supplying body and a second magnetomotive force supplying body disposed respectively on the first wall and the second wall, so as to supply a magnetomotive force to the movable element for the reciprocal movement thereof, wherein, at least one of the first magnetomotive force supplying body and the second magnetomotive force supplying body selectively produces a bidirectional magnetomotive force; a permanent magnet disposed between the first magnetomotive force supplying body and the second magnetomotive force supplying body, and providing a coercive force to the movable element for maintaining the state thereof; and a driving circuit co

Abstract: A mobile device is provided. The mobile device may include a communication interface; a display; a memory configured to store one or more instructions; and at least one processor configured to execute the one or more instructions stored in the memory to: control the communication interface to communicate with an image display apparatus; control a viewpoint of a 360-degree image based on an input; and control the communication interface to transmit, to the image display apparatus, at least one among an image corresponding to the viewpoint of the 360-degree image, and viewpoint control information corresponding to the viewpoint of the 360-degree image.

Abstract: A high voltage generator includes a voltage converting device that increases a level of an input voltage and outputs an output voltage having a level higher than the level of the input voltage. The high voltage generator further includes a precharge controller that gradually increases the level of the input voltage up to a level of an external voltage based on a reference voltage and the output voltage.

Abstract: A helmet according to the present invention includes: a head frame being open toward the user's face, designed to cover the user's head, and having a rotation part at both sides; a face frame coupled to be turned up and down about the rotation parts and selectively closing the opening of the head frame; and a sun visor disposed at an upper portion of the face frame and coupled to be turned up and down about the rotation parts, in which the sun visor is turned up with the face frame when the face frame is turned up to open the opening of the head frame, and is fixed regardless of rotation of the face frame when a predetermined rotational limit is reached.

Abstract: A display device for displaying an application in an execution area according to a user input is disclosed. The display device includes a user interface configured to receive a user input corresponding to a shape, a display, and a controller configured to determine an application corresponding to the shape and determine an execution area for the application on a screen of the display in response to the user interface receiving the user input, and control the display of the application in the execution area.

Abstract: An image display apparatus and a method of operating the image display apparatus are provided. An image display apparatus includes: a display; a memory configured to store instructions; and a processor configured to execute the instructions to: control the display to display a main view that provides an image of an area that corresponds to an angle of view in a 360-degree image, detect one or more objects in other areas of the 360-degree image than the area that corresponds to the angle of view in the 360-degree image, and control the display to display one or more sub-views that correspond to the one or more objects.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes a display, a memory configured to store instructions, and a processor configured to execute the instructions to obtain 360-degree content and angle of view information including a plurality of angle of view values selected to reproduce the 360 degree content, and control the display to display the 360-degree content according to the plurality of angle of view values included in the angle of view information.

Abstract: A semiconductor chip includes a first circuit block configured to receive a first power supply voltage through a first power supply terminal of the semiconductor chip, a second circuit block configured to receive a second power supply voltage through a second power supply terminal of the semiconductor chip, and an alternative supply unit that is connected between the first power supply terminal and the first circuit block and receives the first power supply voltage through the first power supply terminal. The alternative supply circuit is configured to apply an alternative power supply voltage generated using the second power supply voltage to the first circuit block in response to a supply of the first power supply voltage being stopped.

Abstract: Disclosed is a railway wireless sensor network system. The railway wireless sensor network system includes a plurality of sensors which are included in a railway vehicle and measure an operation state of the railway vehicle in real time, a plurality of routers which receive information on the measured operation state through a dedicated channel with each sensor, and a gateway which receives information on the operation state through a dedicated channel between the routers, and periodically transmits information on the received operation state to a railway vehicle control center.

Abstract: An image display apparatus and an image display method are provided. The image display apparatus for displaying a 360-degree image includes a display; a memory comprising at least one instruction; and a processor, by executing the at least one instruction stored in the memory, is configured to control the display to display at least a part of a 360-degree image on a plurality of screens in which each of the plurality of screens represents images corresponding to different angles of view of the 360-degree image, to change display properties of one or more other screens of the plurality of screens in response to receiving an input that moves an angle of view on one of the plurality of screens, and to control the display to display at least a part of the 360-degree image on the one or more other screens having the changed display properties.

Abstract: A purge module jig and a purge module including the purge module jig are provided. The purge module jig and the purge module include a plate having a recessed groove and an opening formed therein, a gas transfer pipe having an elliptical cross section, and a fixing part fixing the plate and the gas transfer pipe with each other, so that leakage of cleaning gas is prevented, thickness thereof is reduced, the interference between the jig and a wafer cassette is reduced, the purge module jig and the purge module can be applied to various load ports of various manufactures, and performance thereof can be improved.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to half-duplex bidirectional transmission of data compliant with a first standard (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB) standard) over a physical channel of a multimedia link for transmitting audio/video (“A/V”) data compliant with a second standard (e.g., Mobile High-Definition Link (MHL) standard) between a source device and a sink device using time division multiplexing (TDM). The source device sends units of data including A/V data and forward data compliant with the first standard at first times whereas the sink device sends units of data including backward data compliant with the first standard at second times between transmissions from the source device. The first times do not overlap with the second times. Synchronization signals may be added to the first and second units of data to align character symbols embedded in the first and second units of data.

Abstract: A bulk acoustic wave resonator (BAWR) includes a bulk acoustic resonance unit and at least one compensation layer. The bulk acoustic resonance unit includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a piezoelectric layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The first electrode, the second electrode, and the piezoelectric layer each include a material that modifies a resonance frequency based on a temperature, and the at least one compensation layer includes a material that adjusts the resonance frequency modified based on the temperature in a direction opposite to a direction of the modification.

Abstract: A battery module includes a plurality of battery cells arranged in one direction, a pair of end plates at outsides of respective outermost battery cells among the plurality of battery cells, a pair of end blocks between the end plates and the respective outermost battery cells, and a protection device in at least one end block of the pair of end blocks.

Abstract: A method of retransmitting a packet for low-power wireless sensor communications of a coordinator in a sensor network is provided. The method includes receiving packets from a plurality of sensor devices during a plurality of guaranteed time slots (GTSs) of a Contention Free Period (CFP) which are allocated to the respective sensor devices; checking whether there is an error in each of the received packets; generating one GTS Bulk ACK frame that contains pieces of ACK information to be transmitted to the respective sensor devices, according to the error check results; and transmitting the generated GTS Bulk ACK frame to the plurality of sensor devices.

Abstract: An apparatus for interfacing with a multimedia communication link comprises a half-duplex translation layer circuit operating in half-duplex and a full-duplex link layer circuit to communicate over a control bus of the multimedia communication link in full duplex. The apparatus further comprises an arbitration circuit communicatively coupled between the half-duplex translation layer circuit and the full-duplex link layer circuit, the arbitration circuit to control data flow between the half-duplex translation layer circuit and the full-duplex link layer circuit. The arbitration circuit provides interface and signaling rules for transmitting packets from the half-duplex translation layer circuit to the full-duplex link layer circuit, receiving packets via the full-duplex link layer circuit at the half-duplex translation layer circuit, and resolving conflict arising due to bidirectional data flow at the arbitration logic.

Abstract: A helmet shield coupled to a front opening of a helmet includes a lens unit provided to face a front of the front opening; a frame unit provided along a circumference of the lens unit; and a ventilation unit provided at both sides of the lens unit for communication between an inside and an outside of the helmet shield.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel, a data driving circuit, and a gate driving circuit. The display panel is configured to display an image and includes a gate line and a data line. The data driving circuit is configured to output a data signal to the data line. The gate driving circuit is configured to output a gate signal to the gate line and to control a kick-back time of the gate signal according to a temperature of the display panel. The kick-back time is a time when the gate signal is decreased from a gate on voltage to a kick-back voltage that is between the gate on voltage and a gate off voltage.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a memory cell array, an input/output (I/O) gating circuit, an error decision circuit and an error check and correction (ECC) circuit. The I/O gating circuit reads test pattern data to provide test result data in a test mode and reads a codeword in a normal mode. The error decision circuit determines the correctability of errors in the test result data by a first unit, based on the test pattern data and the test result data and provides a first error kind signal indicating a first determination result, in the test mode. The ECC circuit decodes the codeword including main data and parity data generated based on the main data, determines correctability of errors in the codeword by a second unit and provides a second error kind signal indicating a second determination result, in the normal mode. The main data includes a plurality of unit data.