Abstract: A power management apparatus includes an electric device including a plurality of operation algorithm information and power information for each operation level corresponding to each operation algorithm information, and a power management unit to receive power rate information from a power provider, determine an operation level of the electric device on the basis of the received power rate information and power information for each operation level of the electric device, and control an operation of the electric device at the determined operation level. As a result, the power management apparatus performs different operation algorithms according to power rate information, and controls power consumption of the electric device, such that energy efficiency at the user side can be maximized. In response to the changed power rate information, the currently-driven electric device and the electric device to be driven can be driven at the optimum operation level appropriate for their power consumption characteristics.

Abstract: A main memory system is provided which includes a nonvolatile memory including a first memory area designated to store an operating system program and a second memory area designated to store user data; and a memory controller configured to control the nonvolatile memory such that the operating system program is loaded onto the second memory area from the first memory area. The nonvolatile memory may be one of a phase change RAM, a resistive RAM, and a magnetic RAM.

Abstract: A power management apparatus includes an electric device including a plurality of operation algorithm information and power information for each operation level corresponding to each operation algorithm information, and a power management unit to receive power rate information from a power provider, determine an operation level of the electric device on the basis of the received power rate information and power information for each operation level of the electric device, and control an operation of the electric device at the determined operation level. As a result, the power management apparatus performs different operation algorithms according to power rate information, and controls power consumption of the electric device, such that energy efficiency at the user side can be maximized. In response to the changed power rate information, the currently-driven electric device and the electric device to be driven can be driven at the optimum operation level appropriate for their power consumption characteristics.

Abstract: A power management apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes a communication unit configured to receive information on a price of power and communicate with image forming apparatuses, and a control unit configured to control image forming apparatuses to operate at a normal mode and/or a power saving mode by comparing the information received on the price of power with information on a standard price of power. A user may conduct a printing at a desired time to minimize inconvenience. A mode of the power management apparatus is determined according to the price of power such that a plurality of image forming apparatuses are operated at a normal mode when the price of power is low, and at least one image forming apparatuses is operated at a normal mode when the price of power is high, thereby reducing cost and enhancing the efficiency in managing the power.

Abstract: A power management apparatus includes a communication unit to receive power rate information from a power provider and receive power consumption information and reservation information from an electric device, and a controller to decide an operation order on the basis of power consumption information and reservation information of the electric device, perform scheduling to decide an operation start time on the basis of the power rate information and reservation information in the operation order, and control an operation time of the electric device on the basis of the scheduling result. As a result, the power management apparatus performs optimum scheduling of an electric device using power rate information provided from the power provider, and power consumption information and reservation information of the electric device, resulting in an increase in user satisfaction.

Abstract: A storage device in accordance with the inventive concepts includes at least one nonvolatile memory device and a memory controller controlling the nonvolatile memory device. The memory controller includes at least one processor configured to control an operation of the storage device, and configured to perform at least one of a trim operation according a trim command and a garbage collection operation and a risk protection controller configured to perform a risk protection operation that disables at least one of the garbage collection operation or the trim operation according to a risk protection signal internally generated or a risk protection command input from the external device.

Abstract: A non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) apparatus and method which detect state change of a load using a power factor of power consumption as a feature or detect state change of a load using both a power factor and apparent power, and identify the load using the superposition theory. The NILM apparatus includes a sensor unit to collect information regarding power consumption of home appliances, and a controller detecting power consumption-related events occurring in the home appliances based on power factor information among the power consumption information collected by the sensor unit.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for localizing a multichannel sound signal. The method includes: obtaining a multichannel sound signal to which sense of elevation is applied by applying a first filter to an input sound signal; determining at least one frequency range of a dynamic cue according to change of a head-related transfer function (HRTF) indicating information regarding paths from a spatial location of an actual speaker to ears of an audience; and applying a second filter to at least one sound signal, corresponding to the determined at least one frequency range, of at least one channel in the multichannel sound signal to change the at least one sound signal so as to remove or to reduce the dynamic cue when the multichannel sound signal is output.

Abstract: A developing unit and an image forming apparatus using the may include a photosensitive body having an electrostatic latent image formed thereon, a feed roller to supply a developing agent, a regulating member to regulate the amount of the developing agent transported to the developing member, and a protection member having a protection blade disposed at one side of the regulating member to be spaced apart from the regulating member to protect the regulating member. The regulating member may be prevented from being damaged or degraded and protected from an external environment.

Abstract: A context-aware system for elevator operation includes an elevator operable to move up and down, and having an internal operating panel allowing selection of a floor to cause the elevator to stop, floor operating panels to call the elevator, and to indicate both a floor selected from the internal operating panel and a floor where the elevator has been called among other floors, a system control unit to adjust a movement direction and a movement speed of the elevator by detecting the floor selected from the internal operating panel and a floor operating panel from which the elevator has been called among the floor operating panels, and a driving unit to drive to move the elevator by control of the system control unit. Therefore, a user may predict a floor at which the elevator is scheduled to stop, and a movement speed may increase and power consumption may reduce.

Abstract: Disclosed are a recombinant expression vector comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding an E. coli-derived signal sequence and a nucleotide sequence encoding an immunoglobulin constant region, and a transformant transformed with the expression vector. Also, disclosed is a method of mass-producing an immunoglobulin constant region by culturing the transformant and expressing the immunoglobulin constant region in a water-soluble form.

Abstract: An integrated terminal for an advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) system based on a home network for a smart grid and a method of controlling the same are disclosed. The integrated terminal is connected between an upper system 10 of an AMI system and a plurality of home appliances 36, respectively, within a home as a power consumer by a predetermined communication unit. The integrated terminal includes a communication module between upper systems serving as an interface for communication with an upper systems 10, a communication module between home appliances 36 serving as an interface for communication with the plurality of home appliances, and a display unit which displays the information received from the upper systems by the communication module between the upper systems, and displays information received from each home appliance by the communication module between the home appliances.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a seat track comprising a fixed rail of a channel structure having laterally inner walls which extend vertically and have recesses; a moving rail sliding along the fixed rail and having laterally vertical walls which face the inner walls of the fixed rail and have a plurality of through holes; and a locking member having a supporting body received and installed between the vertical walls of the moving rail to face a plurality of the through holes, a plurality of rotating pins supported by the supporting body and rotating between a locking position where a plurality of the rotating pins are inserted in the recesses of the fixed rail through the through holes and an unlocking position where a plurality of the rotating pins are separated from the recesses, a guide spring supported by the supporting body and pressing a plurality of the rotating pins to rotate toward the unlocking position, and an unlocking body sliding along the supporting body due to an outer force to press a plu

Abstract: A method of managing data of a computing system is provided, where the computing system uses a nonvolatile memory as a main memory. The method includes loading a process into the nonvolatile memory in response to a first run request, freezing the process loaded into the nonvolatile memory in response to an exit request of the process, and activating the process frozen in the nonvolatile memory in response to a second run request of the process. Freezing the process releases control of the process without deleting the process loaded into the nonvolatile memory.

Abstract: A main memory system includes a main memory device including a first memory device implemented with a volatile memory and a second memory device implemented with a non-volatile memory, the main memory system being configured such that, when entering a sleep mode, the memory device reads a portion of data stored in the first memory device to store the read data in the second memory device, and, after the portion of data is read, the first memory device and the second memory device are powered off.

Abstract: Provided is a metal card including a metal card sheet made of duralumin and an anodized layer formed by anodizing a surface of the metal card sheet, wherein a background color or pattern of the metal card is determined according to a composition of electrolyte of the anodizing for forming the anodized layer.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM). The NILM apparatus is aimed at updating reference data of a storage unit established by a generalized method to increase reliability of the storage unit. The NILM apparatus includes: a sensor unit configured to collect information about power consumed by an appliance; a controller configured to acquire a power consumption pattern of the appliance based on the collected power information, and to identify the appliance using the power consumption pattern; a display unit configured to display the result of the identification so as for a user to determine whether the result of the identification using the power consumption pattern is correct; and storage unit configured to store the result of the identification if it is determined that the result of the identification displayed on the display unit is correct.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel peptide showing more excellent activities on a glucagon like peptide-1 receptor and a glucagon receptor than native oxyntomodulin, and a composition for the prevention or treatment of obesity comprising the peptide as an active ingredient. Unlike native oxyntomodulin, the novel peptide of the present invention reduces food intake, suppresses gastric emptying, and facilitates lipolysis with reduced side-effects, and also shows excellent receptor-activating effects. Thus, it can be widely used in the treatment of obesity with safety and efficacy.

Abstract: Provided are a computer system and a method of controlling the same. The computer system includes: a central processing unit (CPU) configured to drive an application program; and a main memory configured to provide the CPU with a memory space for driving of the application program and to store a processing result of the CPU. The main memory includes: a nonvolatile memory including a first memory area configured to store data and a second memory area configured to store address information of the data; a memory controller configured to control the nonvolatile memory; and a memory manager configured to read the address information from the second memory area and delete the data stored at the first area according to the read address information, in response to a data delete command from the CPU and a control of the memory controller.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for the prevention or treatment of diabetes comprising a long-acting insulin conjugate and a long-acting insulinotropic peptide conjugate, and a therapeutic method for the treatment of diabetes, and more particularly, concurrent administration of the long-acting insulin conjugate and the long-acting insulinotropic peptide conjugate inhibits weight gain caused by insulin treatment, and vomiting and nausea caused by insulinotropic peptide treatment, and reduces the required dose of insulin, thereby remarkably improving drug compliance. Moreover, each of the long-acting insulin conjugate and the long-acting insulinotropic peptide conjugate of the present invention is prepared by linking insulin or insulinotropic peptide with an immunoglobulin Fc region via a non-peptidyl linker, thereby showing improved in-vivo duration of efficacy and stability.