Abstract: In one aspect, an electric furnace is provided with a double type melting furnace, which includes: a first upper cell that forms a first upper space of a first melting furnace in which a first iron source is introduced and molten; a second upper cell that is disposed in a horizontal direction of the first upper cell and forms a second upper space of a second melting furnace in which a second iron source is introduced and molten; a lower cell that is combined with lower portions of the first upper cell and the second upper cell and forms a single integrated space in which a first lower space of the first melting furnace and a second lower space of the second melting furnace are integrated; and a partition wall unit that is installed to vertically move up and down between the first upper cell and the second upper cell, and separates the first lower space of the first melting furnace and the second lower space of the second melting furnace, although both of the lower spaces are integrally formed by the lower cel

Abstract: A robot arm for minimally invasive surgery includes a modular structure in which a yaw axis of an active arm rotatable relative to a setup arm is disposed to be inclined with respect to a roll axis of an instrument for surgery and a joint of the active arm and a remote center of motion (RCM) form a parallelogram, thereby preventing a gimbal lock phenomenon, enabling configuration of various RCMs, and having various entry angles.

Abstract: Disclosed are a miserite crystallized glass for an artificial tooth and a method for coloring same, the method enabling a production of a uniform shade without degrading the physical properties of a crystallized glass by means of simply adding a small amount of coloring additive powder when preparing the crystallized glass. A miserite crystallized glass for an artificial tooth according to the present invention is colored with any one of the shades in groups A, B, C and D of the Vita shade guide which is a tooth shade reference. The miserite crystallized glass has a miserite crystal phase as the main phase and comprises a hydroxyapatite crystal phase and a xonotlite crystal phase as additional phases.

Abstract: Disclosed are a wollastonite crystallized glass for an artificial tooth and a method for coloring same, the method enabling a production of a uniform shade without degrading the physical properties of a crystallized glass by means of simply adding a small amount of coloring additive powder when preparing the crystallized glass.

Abstract: Disclosed are a miserite crystallized glass for an artificial tooth and a method for coloring same, the method enabling a production of a uniform shade without degrading the physical properties of a crystallized glass by means of simply adding a small amount of coloring additive powder when preparing the crystallized glass. A miserite crystallized glass for an artificial tooth according to the present invention is colored with any one of the shades in groups A, B, C and D of the Vita shade guide which is a tooth shade reference. The miserite crystallized glass has a miserite crystal phase as the main phase and comprises a hydroxyapatite crystal phase and a xonotlite crystal phase as additional phases.

Abstract: Disclosed are a wollastonite crystallized glass for an artificial tooth and a method for coloring same, the method enabling a production of a uniform shade without degrading the physical properties of a crystallized glass by means of simply adding a small amount of coloring additive powder when preparing the crystallized glass.

Abstract: A system for accessing digital content includes a server storing the digital content and a client device. The server includes a first broadcast network interface communicating with a broadcast network and a first unicast network interface communicating with a unicast network. The client device includes a user interface accessing the digital content based on user preferences and allowing a user to generate a request to receive a selected portion of the digital content. The client device includes a second broadcast network interface communicating with the broadcast network and a second unicast network interface transmitting the request for the selected portion of the digital content via the unicast network. The server receives the request via the unicast network and transmits the selected portion of the digital content via the broadcast network and the unicast network based on a characteristic of the selected portion of the digital content.

Abstract: An electronic multimedia publishing system includes an authoring system, a service provider system, and a remote computing device. The authoring system creates an enhanced electronic book comprising text, multimedia content, and interactive services. The service provider system allows execution of the interactive services, adapts the enhanced electronic book based on usage of the enhanced electronic book by a user, and interfaces the enhanced electronic book to a plurality of additional services. The remote computing device renders the enhanced electronic book to the user and manages interactions between the user, the enhanced electronic book, and the service provider system using the interactive services.

Abstract: A multimedia middleware apparatus using metadata, a control method and a storage medium are provided which can receive metadata in multimedia middleware provided in a terminal, easily add/delete/change a service, and effectively maintain and manage middleware components. When an open multimedia terminal processes multimedia contents, a multimedia middleware service structure for expressing information of a name, configuration, version and application programming interface (API) update is configured in the form of metadata. Lists of standard and non-standard services of multimedia middleware are then generated and managed.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for managing a preference channel are provided which can reduce a delay time when a channel change is made between preference channels, by storing a preference channel directly selected by a mobile terminal user in a mobile broadcast system. A mobile terminal receives and demultiplexes multiplexed logical channels on which data streams are transmitted from a service provider through a communication network. Preference channels of the demultiplexed logical channels are dynamically allocated to decoding buffers using stored information. A decoding time at which data of the decoding buffers is accessed and decoded is computed using reference information. A decoding operation is performed at the computed decoding time, and decoded channel-by-channel elementary streams are stored in a memory. The decoded channel-by-channel elementary streams stored in the memory are displayed on a screen of the mobile terminal.

Abstract: An electronic multimedia publishing system includes an authoring system, a service provider system, and a remote computing device. The authoring system creates an enhanced electronic book comprising text, multimedia content, and interactive services. The service provider system allows execution of the interactive services, adapts the enhanced electronic book based on usage of the enhanced electronic book by a user, and interfaces the enhanced electronic book to a plurality of additional services. The remote computing device renders the enhanced electronic book to the user and manages interactions between the user, the enhanced electronic book, and the service provider system using the interactive services.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and system are provided for controlling a scene structure of a mobile terminal for receiving and displaying data streams in a mobile broadcast system. When logical channels are multiplexed into one physical channel, the multiplexed channels are sequentially decoded and are displayed on an image. A channel circulation scene alternately displays the channels on one image in designated order. In a combination scene structure, a new node is added to a conventional Lightweight Application Scene Representation (LASeR) technology. To compose a scene, fields for time information and scene transition effect are provided. A delay time due to a channel change is reduced. A multi-channel image is effectively provided to address a problem when a user retrieves service content while directly switching a channel. The terminal dynamically composes the multi-channel image using stream source node information from a service provider without an additional mosaic channel.

Abstract: Provided is a 4-transistor CMOS image in which a driving condition or a pixel structure is changed so that a transfer transistor in a pixel operates in a pinch-off condition during reset and transfer operations in order to reduce dark current and fixed-pattern noise caused by a change in an operation condition of the transfer transistor and inter-pixel characteristic discrepancy. The image sensor includes a photosensitive pixel including a transfer transistor for transferring photon-induced charges created in a photodiode; and a voltage control unit for controlling a turn-on voltage applied to a gate of the transfer transistor to be lower than a floating diffusion node voltage plus the threshold voltage of the transfer transistor during a partial or entire section of a turn-on section of the transfer transistor such that the transfer transistor operates in a pseudo pinch-off mode.

Abstract: Provided is data structure, system and method for reporting an Event occurred due to a digital item (DI). An Event Report Request data for requesting to deliver an Event Report data, wherein the Event Report data reports an Event occurred in accordance with use of a digital item, the Event Report Request data comprising Delivery Time information describing time for transmitting the Event Report data, wherein the Delivery Time information includes: a specific time; an elapsed time; and a periodic time. An Event Report data for reporting an Event occurred in accordance with use of a digital item, wherein the Event Report data provides information specified in an Event Report Request data, the Event Report data comprising: ER Descriptor describing contents and formats of the Event Report data; and Source Descriptor describing information on a source generating the Event Report data.

Abstract: A sensing method of an image sensor. The image sensor includes: a light receiving device; a signal conversion unit including a transfer transistor having a plurality of transfer gates and for converting photocharges generated by the light receiving device into a voltage to output the voltage; and a sensing control unit for generating at least two reset signals and/or at least two transfer signals applied to the transfer gates of the transfer transistor during a one-time photosensing cycle. The image sensor is obtained by changing the structure and driving method of a transfer transistor of a typical 4-transistor CMOS image sensor and employs a deep depletion operation and a multiple reset operation, thereby reducing an image lag and increasing the well capacity of the light receiving device.

Abstract: Provided are an image sensor and a method of sensing the same. The image sensor includes: a light receiving device; a signal conversion unit including a transfer transistor having a plurality of transfer gates and for converting photocharges generated by the light receiving device into a voltage to output the voltage; and a sensing control unit for generating at least two reset signals and/or at least two transfer signals applied to the transfer gates of the transfer transistor during a one-time photosensing cycle. The image sensor is obtained by changing the structure and driving method of a transfer transistor of a typical 4-transistor CMOS image sensor and employs a deep depletion operation and a multiple reset operation, thereby reducing an image lag and increasing the well capacity of the light receiving device.

Abstract: A system for accessing digital content includes a server storing the digital content and a client device. The server includes a first broadcast network interface communicating with a broadcast network and a first unicast network interface communicating with a unicast network. The client device includes a user interface accessing the digital content based on user preferences and allowing a user to generate a request to receive a selected portion of the digital content. The client device includes a second broadcast network interface communicating with the broadcast network and a second unicast network interface transmitting the request for the selected portion of the digital content via the unicast network. The server receives the request via the unicast network and transmits the selected portion of the digital content via the broadcast network and the unicast network based on a characteristic of the selected portion of the digital content.

Abstract: A security management method in multimedia middleware of a terminal that can download a multimedia service provided from an external entity. The security management method includes if there is an access request for a particular multimedia service, determining whether there is a corresponding multimedia service; if the access-requested multimedia service does not exist in middleware of the terminal, performing negotiation for secure session setup with the external entity; setting up a secure session to the external entity using a security parameter selected as a result of the negotiation; and receiving information for the download from the external entity through the secure session, and determining whether to execute the download.

Abstract: Provided is a 4-transistor CMOS image in which a driving condition or a pixel structure is changed so that a transfer transistor in a pixel operates in a pinch-off condition during reset and transfer operations in order to reduce dark current and fixed-pattern noise caused by a change in an operation condition of the transfer transistor and inter-pixel characteristic discrepancy. The image sensor includes a photosensitive pixel including a transfer transistor for transferring photon-induced charges created in a photodiode; and a voltage control unit for controlling a turn-on voltage applied to a gate of the transfer transistor to be lower than a floating diffusion node voltage plus the threshold voltage of the transfer transistor during a partial or entire section of a turn-on section of the transfer transistor such that the transfer transistor operates in a pseudo pinch-off mode.

Abstract: Provided is a 4-transistor CMOS image in which a driving condition or a pixel structure is changed so that a transfer transistor in a pixel operates in a pinch-off condition during reset and transfer operations in order to reduce dark current and fixed-pattern noise caused by a change in an operation condition of the transfer transistor and inter-pixel characteristic discrepancy. The image sensor includes a photosensitive pixel including a transfer transistor for transferring photon-induced charges created in a photodiode; and a voltage control unit for controlling a turn-on voltage applied to a gate of the transfer transistor to be lower than a floating diffusion node voltage plus the threshold voltage of the transfer transistor during a partial or entire section of a turn-on section of the transfer transistor such that the transfer transistor operates in a pseudo pinch-off mode.