Abstract: A leakage current detection circuit includes: a mirror circuit configured to copy a leakage current flowing through a node and generate a copy current in a copy node; an oscillation circuit including a charge storage unit, the oscillation circuit being connected to the copy node, charged with the copy current, and configured to generate an oscillation signal by charging and discharging the charge storage unit; and a calculation circuit configured to calculate an amount of the leakage current based on the oscillation signal.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for decoding bits of a received signal in a communication system are provided. The method includes determining path metrics of respective states in a trellis corresponding to the received signal, selecting a start state in the trellis for a traceback in a last window of the trellis, repeating the traceback at least twice within the last window, and when the repeating of the traceback is completed, determining the decoded bits of the received signal using a survived path of a last traceback.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for decoding bits of a received signal in a communication system are provided. The method includes determining path metrics of respective states in a trellis corresponding to the received signal, selecting a start state in the trellis for a traceback in a last window of the trellis, repeating the traceback at least twice within the last window, and when the repeating of the traceback is completed, determining the decoded bits of the received signal using a survived path of a last traceback.

Abstract: In a communication system, a signal transceiver generates an upper pre-encoding symbol stream and a lower pre-encoding symbol stream by pre-encoding an upper transmission vector and a lower transmission vector according to a pre-encoding scheme when the upper and lower transmission vectors to be transmitted are input. The signal transceiver generates a space-time mapping matrix by space-time mapping the upper and lower pre-encoding symbol streams according to a space-time mapping scheme based on the number of transmit antennas to be used in the signal transceiver. The signal transceiver generates and transmits a codeword according to whether a null transmission is present in the space-time mapping matrix.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for a base station or a sector to efficiently detect Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) information transmitted from a terminal in a wireless communication system are provided. A method of a base station for detecting CQI information in a wireless communication system includes determining a part or all of a CQI interval as a correlation interval based at least partly upon a presence of an interference power less than a threshold in a corresponding interval of the CQI interval; and determining correlations between a signal received over the determined correlation interval and possible codewords.

Abstract: An apparatus for trapping residual product of semiconductor manufacturing processes increases trapping effect and trapping capacity of residual product of reaction by maximizing an effective area for the residual product of reaction to be trapped while actively preventing the residual product of reaction generated in a process chamber during a thin film deposition and etching process from sucking into a vacuum pump, thereby easily removing the trapped residual product of reaction, including hollow housing having an inner containing space, first connection pipe connecting process chamber and housing, second connection pipe connecting vacuum pump and housing, and a protrusion extending inwardly and protruding from a housing base, cooling element disposed inside the housing for cooling the residual product of reaction flowing into the housing through the first connection pipe, and trap plates disposed inside the housing as multiple layers on which the residual product of reaction is laminated.

Abstract: In a communication system, a signal transceiver generates an upper pre-encoding symbol stream and a lower pre-encoding symbol stream by pre-encoding an upper transmission vector and a lower transmission vector according to a pre-encoding scheme when the upper and lower transmission vectors to be transmitted are input. The signal transceiver generates a space-time mapping matrix by space-time mapping the upper and lower pre-encoding symbol streams according to a space-time mapping scheme based on the number of transmit antennas to be used in the signal transceiver. The signal transceiver generates and transmits a codeword according to whether a null transmission is present in the space-time mapping matrix.

Abstract: An air spoiler for an automotive vehicle according to the present invention includes separate reinforcement members having a main body portion and a flange portion outwardly expanded from the main body. Preferably, a plurality of air-venting apertures are formed at the bottom surface of the main body portion of the reinforcement members so as to discharge air remaining in the reinforcement members. Further, The air spoiler includes an engagement reinforcing member which increases resin-engaged force of the reinforcement member to the air spoiler. An adhesive tape or a plastic primer is employed as the engagement reinforcing member.

Abstract: An air spoiler for an automotive vehicle according to the present invention includes separate reinforcement members having a main body portion and a flange portion outwardly expanded from the main body. Preferably, a plurality of air-venting apertures are formed at the bottom surface of the main body portion of the reinforcement members so as to discharge air remaining in the reinforcement members. Further, The air spoiler includes an engagement reinforcing member which increases resin-engaged force of the reinforcement member to the air spoiler. An adhesive tape or a plastic primer is employed as the engagement reinforcing member.

Abstract: An air spoiler for an automotive vehicle includes separate reinforcement members having a main body portion and a flange portion outwardly expanded from the main body. Preferably, a plurality of air-venting apertures are formed at the bottom surface of the main body portion of the reinforcement members so as to discharge air remaining in the reinforcement members. Further, the air spoiler includes an engagement reinforcing member which increases resin-engaged force of the reinforcement member to the air spoiler. An adhesive tape or a plastic primer is employed as the engagement reinforcing member.