Abstract: A battery module includes a sub-module stack formed by stacking a plurality of sub-modules including a cooling member having a coolant flow path and a plurality of battery cells disposed on both surfaces of the cooling member; and a pair of bus bar frame assemblies coupled to one side and the other side of the sub-module stack to electrically connect the plurality of battery cells.

Abstract: A wearable body composition analyzer according to various embodiments of the present disclosure may include an induction part for inducing secretion of bodily liquid while being in contact with a body part, a collection part that collects the bodily liquid secreted, a sensor part that detects a body composition from the bodily liquid collected, and a wearable part to which the induction part and the collection part is detachably attached, wherein the wearable part may be worn on a body. The above-described wearable body composition analyzer may be implemented variously according to embodiments.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring fluid speed by using the refraction of light is disclosed. The apparatus includes: a channel in which a passage is formed to allow the flow of a fluid; a first and a second light source that are located in any one region of an upper part and a lower part of the channel; a sensor installed in an opposite region of the region where the first and second light sources are located with respect to the channel, to receive the light emitted from the first and second light sources; a speed calculation unit that calculates the speed of the fluid by using a time point at which the intensity of the light received at the sensor changes; and an adjustment unit that is connected to the channel and configured to adjust the flow speed of the fluid based on the calculated speed of the fluid.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring fluid speed by using the refraction of light is disclosed. The apparatus includes: a channel in which a passage is formed to allow the flow of a fluid; a first and a second light source that are located in any one region of an upper part and a lower part of the channel; a sensor installed in an opposite region of the region where the first and second light sources are located with respect to the channel, to receive the light emitted from the first and second light sources; a speed calculation unit configured to calculate a speed of the fluid by using the intensity of the light received at the sensor.

Abstract: A wearable body composition analyzer according to various embodiments of the present disclosure may include an induction part for inducing secretion of bodily liquid while being in contact with a body part, a collection part that collects the bodily liquid secreted, a sensor part that detects a body composition from the bodily liquid collected, and a wearable part to which the induction part and the collection part is detachably attached, wherein the wearable part may be worn on a body. The above-described wearable body composition analyzer may be implemented variously according to embodiments.

Abstract: A wearable body composition analyzer according to various embodiments of the present disclosure may include an induction part for inducing secretion of bodily liquid while being in contact with a body part, a collection part that collects the bodily liquid secreted, a sensor part that detects a body composition from the bodily liquid collected, and a wearable part to which the induction part and the collection part is detachably attached, wherein the wearable part may be worn on a body. The above-described wearable body composition analyzer may be implemented variously according to embodiments.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring fluid speed by using the refraction of light is disclosed. The apparatus includes: a channel in which a passage is formed to allow the flow of a fluid; a first and a second light source that are located in any one region of an upper part and a lower part of the channel; a sensor installed in an opposite region of the region where the first and second light sources are located with respect to the channel, to receive the light emitted from the first and second light sources; a speed calculation unit configured to calculate a speed of the fluid by using the intensity of the light received at the sensor.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring fluid speed by using the refraction of light is disclosed. The apparatus includes: a channel in which a passage is formed to allow the flow of a fluid; a first and a second light source that are located in any one region of an upper part and a lower part of the channel; a sensor installed in an opposite region of the region where the first and second light sources are located with respect to the channel, to receive the light emitted from the first and second light sources; a speed calculation unit that calculates the speed of the fluid by using a time point at which the intensity of the light received at the sensor changes; and an adjustment unit that is connected to the channel and configured to adjust the flow speed of the fluid based on the calculated speed of the fluid.

Abstract: A wearable body composition analyzer according to various embodiments of the present disclosure may include an induction part for inducing secretion of bodily liquid while being in contact with a body part, a collection part that collects the bodily liquid secreted, a sensor part that detects a body composition from the bodily liquid collected, and a wearable part to which the induction part and the collection part is detachably attached, wherein the wearable part may be worn on a body. The above-described wearable body composition analyzer may be implemented variously according to embodiments.

Abstract: A plasma processing chamber having capacitive and inductive coupling of RF power. An RF power source is connected to an inductive coil and to a top electrode via a variable capacitor to control the ratio of power applied to the coil and electrode. The bottom electrode, which is part of the chuck holding the substrates, is floating, but has parasitive capacitance coupling to ground. No RF bias is applied to the chuck and/or the substrate, but the substrate is chucked using DC power. In a system utilizing the chamber, the chuck is movable and is loaded with substrates outside the chamber, enter the chamber from one side for processing, exit the chamber from an opposite side after the processing, and is unloaded in an unloading chamber. The chuck is then transported back to the loading chamber. Substrates are delivered to and removed from the system using conveyor belts.

Abstract: A semiconductor device may include a semiconductor substrate and a plurality of first capacitor electrodes arranged in a plurality of parallel lines on the semiconductor substrate with each of the first capacitor electrodes extending away from the semiconductor substrate. A plurality of capacitor support pads may be provided with each capacitor support pad being connected to first capacitor electrodes of at least two adjacent parallel lines of the first capacitor electrodes and with adjacent capacitor support pads being spaced apart. A dielectric layer may be provided on each of the first capacitor electrodes, and a second capacitor electrode may be provided on the dielectric layer so that the dielectric layer is between the second capacitor electrode and each of the first capacitor electrodes. Related methods are also discussed.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for load balancing a serving subcell providing a data service to one or more user equipments in a cellular communication system are provided. The method includes calculating a load metric by using a radio resource occupation rate of data traffic in one or more scheduling types except for a Best Effort (BE) scheduling type, determining whether the serving subcell is in an overload state by using the load metric, and triggering a load balancing algorithm when it is determined that the serving subcell is in the overload state. Accordingly, the load metric used for load balancing may be defined to have a value closer to an actual free load, and thus the load balancing may be efficiently performed.

Abstract: A semiconductor device may include a semiconductor substrate and a plurality of first capacitor electrodes arranged in a plurality of parallel lines on the semiconductor substrate with each of the first capacitor electrodes extending away from the semiconductor substrate. A plurality of capacitor support pads may be provided with each capacitor support pad being connected to first capacitor electrodes of at least two adjacent parallel lines of the first capacitor electrodes and with adjacent capacitor support pads being spaced apart. A dielectric layer may be provided on each of the first capacitor electrodes, and a second capacitor electrode may be provided on the dielectric layer so that the dielectric layer is between the second capacitor electrode and each of the first capacitor electrodes. Related methods are also discussed.

Abstract: A semiconductor device may include a semiconductor substrate and a plurality of first capacitor electrodes arranged in a plurality of parallel lines on the semiconductor substrate with each of the first capacitor electrodes extending away from the semiconductor substrate. A plurality of capacitor support pads may be provided with each capacitor support pad being connected to first capacitor electrodes of at least two adjacent parallel lines of the first capacitor electrodes and with adjacent capacitor support pads being spaced apart. A dielectric layer may be provided on each of the first capacitor electrodes, and a second capacitor electrode may be provided on the dielectric layer so that the dielectric layer is between the second capacitor electrode and each of the first capacitor electrodes. Related methods are also discussed.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for load balancing a serving subcell providing a data service to one or more user equipments in a cellular communication system are provided. The method includes calculating a load metric by using a radio resource occupation rate of data traffic in one or more scheduling types except for a Best Effort (BE) scheduling type, determining whether the serving subcell is in an overload state by using the load metric, and triggering a load balancing algorithm when it is determined that the serving subcell is in the overload state. Accordingly, the load metric used for load balancing may be defined to have a value closer to an actual free load, and thus the load balancing may be efficiently performed.

Abstract: An arrangement for coupling RF energy for inductively coupled plasma chamber. The RF coil or radiator is embedded within a groove made in the ceiling of the chamber and an insulating filler covers the coil within the groove. The ceiling may be made of two plates: an upper plate made of conductive material and a bottom plate made of dielectric material. The two plates are in physical contact. A magnetic shield may be provided over the coil to control the spread of the magnetic field from the coil. Fluid channels may be made in the conductive plate to provide thermal control. Also, fluid conduits may be provided to allow injecting gas into the pace between the metal and dielectric plates.

Abstract: A method for forming holes in the backside dielectric layer of solar cells for fabrication of rear point contact. The backside dielectric layer is coated with a layer of carbon. A shadow mask is placed over the carbon layer and reactive ion etch (RIE) is used to transfer the holes in the shadow mask to the carbon layer, to thereby form a carbon mask. The shadow mask is then removed and RIE is used to transfer the holes from the carbon mask to the dielectric layer. The carbon mask is then removed by, e.g., ashing.

Abstract: Systems and methods for improving surface reflectance of silicon wafers are disclosed. The systems and methods improve surface reflectance by forming a textured surface on the silicon wafer by performing surface oxidation and dry etching processes. The surface oxidation maybe performed using a dry oxygen plasma process. A dry etch process is performed to remove the oxide layer formed by the surface oxidation step and etch the Silicon layer with oxide masking. Dry etching enables black silicon formation, which minimizes or eliminates light reflection or scattering, eventually leading to higher energy conversion efficiency.

Abstract: Systems and methods for moving substrates through process chambers for photovoltaic (PV) or solar cell applications are disclosed. In particular, systems and methods for moving substrates through process chambers using a conveyor belt are disclosed. The conveyor belt can be used to move the substrates through etch chambers, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) chambers, and/or ion implant chambers, and the like.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for localizing a sound source in a robot are provided. The apparatus includes a microphone unit implemented by one or more microphones, which picks up a sound from a three-dimensional space. The apparatus also includes a sound source localizer for determining a position of the sound source in accordance with Time-Difference of Arrivals (TDOAs) and a highest power of the sound picked up by the microphone unit. Thus, the robot can rapidly and accurately localize the sound source in the three-dimensional space with minimum dead space, using a minimum number of microphones.