Abstract: An embodiment relates to a variable plate for ceiling work, more specifically to a variable plate for ceiling work that is capable of being used to provide a safe working environment for a worker moving on the ceiling of a building or construction site. The variable plate for ceiling work includes: coupling parts separably coupled to ceiling structures; and a block module part connected between the coupling parts, extendable in shape, and having support blocks adapted to support a worker or heavy object.

Abstract: The invention relates to a nanocomposite coating system that exhibits superior barrier properties for reducing the ingress of unwanted guest species such as moisture (e.g., water vapor) and a facile method for preparing the same nanocoating system on an industrial scale. The current coating materials are able to reduce the overall ingress of unwanted guest species in a substantial improvement over the prior art.

Abstract: Choline alfoscerate is a drug used to improve cerebrovascular diseases and brain metabolism. It is a drug with proven safety, which has no effect on the kidney and liver and with no severe side effect reported. When administered to a patient with muscle cramps, it can significantly reduce pain and the occurrence of muscle cramps. Accordingly, it may be used as an active ingredient in a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing muscle cramps and a health functional food composition for improving muscle cramps and may also be used for a method for treating muscle cramps by administering choline alfoscerate. In addition, choline alfoscerate may also be used to prepare a medication for treating muscle cramps.

Abstract: The invention relates to a nanocomposite coating system that exhibits superior barrier properties for reducing the ingress of unwanted guest species such as moisture (e.g., water vapor) and a facile method for preparing the same nanocoating system on an industrial scale. The current coating materials are able to reduce the overall ingress of unwanted guest species in a substantial improvement over the prior art.

Abstract: Choline alfoscerate is useful for treating cognitive dysfunction associated with cerebrovascular diseases and degenerative brain diseases. It is a drug with proven safety, which has no effect on the kidney and liver and with no severe side effect reported. When administered to a patient with neuropathic pain, it can significantly reduce the pain intensity and the occurrence of neuropathic pain. Accordingly, it may be used as an active ingredient in a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing neuropathic pain and a health functional food composition for improving neuropathic pain and may also be used for a method for treating neuropathic pain by administering choline alfoscerate. In addition, choline alfoscerate may also be used to prepare a medication for treating neuropathic pain.

Abstract: Choline alfoscerate is a drug used to improve cerebrovascular diseases and brain metabolism. It is a drug with proven safety, which has no effect on the kidney and liver and with no severe side effect reported. When administered to a patient with muscle cramps, it can significantly reduce pain and the occurrence of muscle cramps. Accordingly, it may be used as an active ingredient in a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing muscle cramps and a health functional food composition for improving muscle cramps and may also be used for a method for treating muscle cramps by administering choline alfoscerate. In addition, choline alfoscerate may also be used to prepare a medication for treating muscle cramps.

Abstract: Choline alfoscerate is useful for treating cognitive dysfunction associated with cerebrovascular diseases and degenerative brain diseases. It is a drug with proven safety, which has no effect on the kidney and liver and with no severe side effect reported. When administered to a patient with neuropathic pain, it can significantly reduce the pain intensity and the occurrence of neuropathic pain. Accordingly, it may be used as an active ingredient in a pharmaceutical composition for treating or preventing neuropathic pain and a health functional food composition for improving neuropathic pain and may also be used for a method for treating neuropathic pain by administering choline alfoscerate. In addition, choline alfoscerate may also be used to prepare a medication for treating neuropathic pain.

Abstract: Provided are a method and an apparatus for selectively encoding/decoding point sequences to maximize bit efficiency of a lightweight application scene representation (LASeR) binary stream. The point sequence encoding method includes the steps of: for each point sequence, (a) selecting one of exponential-Golomb (EG) encoding and fixed length (FL) encoding schemes; (b) when the FL encoding scheme is selected, encoding the point sequence using the FL encoding scheme to generate a binary stream; and (c) when the EG encoding scheme is selected, encoding the point sequence using the EG encoding scheme to generate a binary stream. The binary stream includes a flag indicating which encoding scheme is selected and a parameter k, with which the EG encoding can be most effectively performed, when the EG encoding scheme is selected. According to the encoding method, LASeR point sequences can be efficiently encoded and, during a decoding process, a large overhead is not incurred to a decoder (terminal).

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a multifunctional bidet having an extra function such as an enema function for a constipated person, in addition to its normal function of cleansing pubic area and anal region.

Abstract: A substrate bonding device for fabricating a liquid crystal display (LCD) device accurately aligns substrates of the LCD device while preventing the introduction of foreign material into the substrate bonding device, thereby substantially preventing the generation of defects within liquid crystal material of the LCD device.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are core-shell type nanoparticles comprising nanoparticle cores made of a metal or semiconductor, and shells made of crystalline metal oxide formed on the surfaces of the nanoparticle cores, as well as a preparation method thereof. According to the disclosed invention, the core-shell nanoparticles, consisting of metallic or semiconductor cores and crystalline metal oxide shells, can be prepared by epitaxially growing metal oxide on the surfaces of the metallic or semiconductor nanoparticle cores. By virtue of the crystalline metal oxide shells, the core nanoparticle made of metal or semiconductor can ensure excellent chemical and mechanical stability, and the core-shell nanoparticles can show new properties resulting from the interaction between the metal cores and the metal oxide crystal shells.

Abstract: Provided are an in-plane switching mode liquid crystal display device and a method for manufacturing the same. The device comprises a thin film transistor array substrate, a color filter substrate, and a liquid crystal. The thin film transistor array substrate has a common electrode and a pixel electrode arranged in an alternating pattern with each other, and has a first alignment film provided on the common electrode and the pixel electrode so as to align liquid crystal molecules in a vertical direction. The color filter substrate faces the thin film transistor array substrate, and has a second alignment film that aligns the liquid crystal molecules in a vertical direction. Liquid crystal is injected between the thin film transistor array substrate and the color filter substrate.

Abstract: A NAND-type nonvolatile semiconductor memory device comprising a cell string that comprises a dummy cell interposed between and connected in series to a string selection transistor and a nonvolatile memory cell is provided. The NAND-type nonvolatile semiconductor memory device further comprises a dummy word line driver adapted to activate a dummy word line to gate the dummy cell.

Abstract: An alignment film and method of fabricating the alignment film are disclosed. A photosensitive alignment material is spread on an LCD array substrate or color filter substrate and partially cured. A soft mold is aligned on the partially cured alignment material. The soft mold has a concavo-convex pattern with grooves and projections. The alignment material is exposed to ultraviolet radiation through the soft mold and then developed. The differences between the indices of refraction of the soft mold and air cause interference in the ultraviolet radiation, leading to periodic variations in the exposure intensity of the alignment material. These variations result in crests and troughs being formed when the alignment film is developed. The developed alignment film is then cured.

Abstract: A chemical mechanical polishing apparatus includes a platen, a polishing pad affixed to a surface of the platen, and a polishing head configured to retain and rotate a wafer while pressing a surface of the rotating wafer against the polishing pad. A first portion of the polishing pad that engages the polishing head proximate the edge of the wafer provides less rigidity than a second portion of the polishing pad that engages a portion of the surface of the wafer. For example, the polishing pad and/or the platen may have a recess or other cushioning structure positioned proximate a locus of movement of a portion of the polishing head that supports the edge of the wafer.

Abstract: A computational graceful degradation method is disclosed using priority information in multiple objects case. The method degrades the amount of computation in different ratio every object using the priority information if computational power of a decoder does not come up to that necessary for processing encoded multimedia data as decoding the multimedia data encoded by several objects unit, the priority information being determined by an encoder for optimal graceful degradation in terms of relatively importance between respective objects.

Abstract: Disclosed are viologen derivatives as an electrochromic material having improved stability and lifetime, a metal oxide electrode including the same, and an electrochromic device using the viologen derivative as an electrochromic material. The viologen derivative includes a suitable regulator group capable of increasing ?E that is a potential difference between E1 (potential at the first redox reaction) and E2 (potential at the second redox reaction). When ?E increases, the mole fraction of viologen molecules present in the second reduction state decreases. Therefore, it is possible to lower the mole fraction of viologen molecules present in an irreversibly reduced state at an applied potential, thereby increasing the lifetime of an electrochromic material and an electrochromic device.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for receiving a signal in a MIMO communication system are provided. In the signal receiving method, a first received signal received at each of the receive antennas is equalized in a predetermined first method. Each of the equalized transmit antenna signals is despread with a plurality of spreading codes used in a transmitter. The strongest transmit antenna signal is detected among the despread transmit antenna signals, and decoded in a predetermined second method, for error verification. The verified strongest transmit antenna signal is reproduced as an interference signal. A second received signal is generated by subtracting the interference signal from the first received signal and equalized in the first method. The above operation is repeated on the equalized transmit antenna signals except the strongest transmit antenna signal.

Abstract: A method of transmitting/receiving channel quality information (CQI) of subcarriers in an OFDM system where data is transmitted on the subcarriers via one or more transmit antennas. The subcarriers are grouped into subcarrier groups each having at least one subcarrier and further grouped into subgroups each having one or more subgroups. A user equipment generates CQIs for one or more allocated subcarrier groups and the transmit antennas or CQIs for the allocated subcarrier groups, the subgroups of the subcarrier groups, and the transmit antennas. The group CQIs and the subgroup CQIs are transmitted to a Node B in one or more physical channel frames.

Abstract: A chemical mechanical polishing apparatus includes a platen, a polishing pad affixed to a surface of the platen, and a polishing head configured to retain and rotate a wafer while pressing a surface of the rotating wafer against the polishing pad. A first portion of the polishing pad that engages the polishing head proximate the edge of the wafer provides less rigidity than a second portion of the polishing pad that engages a portion of the surface of the wafer. For example, the polishing pad and/or the platen may have a recess or other cushioning structure positioned proximate a locus of movement of a portion of the polishing head that supports the edge of the wafer.