Abstract: A data receiving device may include a dummy stage block. The dummy stage block may include m dummy stages, wherein m is a natural number greater than or equal to two. Each of the m dummy stages may be configured to remove inter-symbol interference (ISI) from a dummy input signal using dummy coefficient information to generate a dummy output signal free of the ISI. Each of the m dummy stages may be further configured to output the dummy output signal. A normal stage block may include n normal stages, wherein n is a natural number greater than or equal to two. Each of the n normal stages may be configured to remove ISI from an input signal using coefficient information to generate an output signal free of the ISI and may be further configured to output the output signal.

Abstract: A data receiving device may include a dummy stage block. The dummy stage block may include m dummy stages, wherein m is a natural number greater than or equal to two. Each of the m dummy stages may be configured to remove inter-symbol interference (ISI) from a dummy input signal using dummy coefficient information to generate a dummy output signal free of the ISI. Each of the m dummy stages may be further configured to output the dummy output signal. A normal stage block may include n normal stages, wherein n is a natural number greater than or equal to two. Each of the n normal stages may be configured to remove ISI from an input signal using coefficient information to generate an output signal free of the ISI and may be further configured to output the output signal.

Abstract: Apparatuses having variable communication speeds are disclose. In one example, an apparatus may comprise a controller configured to: receive a signal from a host, the signal being compatible with a data communication protocol at a first data communication speed; selectively implement a first data communication protocol from a plurality of data communication protocols to communicate with a first memory or implement a second data communication protocol from the plurality of data communication protocols to communicate with a second memory based on the data communication speed; store data in the first memory via the first data communication protocol when the data communication speed is a first speed; and store data in the second memory via the second data communication protocol when the data communication speed is a second speed that is different than the first speed.

Abstract: Apparatuses having variable communication speeds are disclose. In one example, an apparatus may comprise a controller configured to: receive a signal from a host, the signal being compatible with a data communication protocol at a first data communication speed; selectively implement a first data communication protocol from a plurality of data communication protocols to communicate with a first memory or implement a second data communication protocol from the plurality of data communication protocols to communicate with a second memory based on the data communication speed; store data in the first memory via the first data communication protocol when the data communication speed is a first speed; and store data in the second memory via the second data communication protocol when the data communication speed is a second speed that is different than the first speed.

Abstract: Apparatuses having variable communication speeds are disclose. In one example, an apparatus may comprise a controller configured to: receive a signal from a host, the signal being compatible with a data communication protocol at a first data communication speed; selectively implement a first data communication protocol from a plurality of data communication protocols to communicate with a first memory or implement a second data communication protocol from the plurality of data communication protocols to communicate with a second memory based on the data communication speed; store data in the first memory via the first data communication protocol when the data communication speed is a first speed; and store data in the second memory via the second data communication protocol when the data communication speed is a second speed that is different than the first speed.

Abstract: A method of compensating for an error and a transceiver system using the method. The method includes determining whether a distortion occurs in data received by a receiving unit; if it is determined that the distortion occurs in the received data, changing at least one of a plurality of transmission parameters of the received data by one step; transmitting the received data using the changed at least one transmission parameter in a transmitting unit; and repeatedly performing the determining, the changing, and the transmitting until it is determined that the distortion does not occur in the received data.

Abstract: Methods of controlling threshold voltages of a transmission envelope detector are provided. The methods include comparing a voltage of an input signal initially input with a threshold voltage of the transmission envelope detector and increasing the threshold voltage when the voltage of the input signal is higher than the threshold voltage after serial communication is started.

Abstract: A method of compensating for an error and a transceiver system using the method. The method includes determining whether a distortion occurs in data received by a receiving unit; if it is determined that the distortion occurs in the received data, changing at least one of a plurality of transmission parameters of the received data by one step; transmitting the received data using the changed at least one transmission parameter in a transmitting unit; and repeatedly performing the determining, the changing, and the transmitting until it is determined that the distortion does not occur in the received data.

Abstract: A method, a related system, and recordable media adapted to store the method. The method controlling transmission frequency for first and second transmission signals exchanged between a host and an attached device using a serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) technology by detecting a first transmission frequency from a received first transmission signal, and controlling a second transmission frequency for a second transmission signal in relation to the detected first transmission frequency.

Abstract: A main controller for use within a data storage device including a first data storage device and a second data storage device is disclosed. The controller includes a memory configured to store a plurality of protocol program data, and a processor configured to receive a host control signal from a host defining a primary operation, and to execute protocol program data selected from the plurality of protocol program data to define a first data communication protocol in accordance with the received host control signal. The processor is further configured to electrically store data in the first data storage device or magnetically store the data in the second data storage device during a secondary operation associated with the first operation, wherein the data is communicated from the processor to the first data storage device or the second data storage device during the secondary operation using a second.

Abstract: Methods of controlling threshold voltages of a transmission envelope detector are provided. The methods include comparing a voltage of an input signal initially input with a threshold voltage of the transmission envelope detector and increasing the threshold voltage when the voltage of the input signal is higher than the threshold voltage after serial communication is started.

Abstract: A suspension including a supporting layer, a conductive layer, and a dielectric layer. The conductive layer is formed as a plurality of traces. The supporting layer is formed of a rigid material to support the conductive layer. The dielectric layer is formed between the supporting layer and the conductive layer and is formed of a dielectric material with a permittivity of 1.0 to 3.0 F/m. Thus, a loss of a high frequency signal during the transmission of electrical signals can be prevented and the writing/reading performance of a hard disk drive apparatus can be improved.

Abstract: A method, a related system, and recordable media adapted to store the method. The method controlling transmission frequency for first and second transmission signals exchanged between a host and an attached device using a serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) technology by detecting a first transmission frequency from a received first transmission signal, and controlling a second transmission frequency for a second transmission signal in relation to the detected first transmission frequency.

Abstract: A slider, a head gimbal assembly and a hard disc drive. The slider includes a write element, a read element, a ground wire supplying a ground voltage, a connection pad connected to the ground wire and a ground pad of a suspension interconnect, and a passive element. The passive element which is formed of a capacitor and/or a resistor is connected between the ground wire and the connection pad. The head gimbal assembly includes the slider and the hard disc drive includes the head gimbal assembly.

Abstract: A method of setting a communication parameter between a host system and a peripheral device, including: preparing a plurality of tables each having a communication parameter suitable for each of plural possible physical connection states between the host system and the peripheral device; and selecting, when the host system communicates with the peripheral device, one of the plurality of tables depending on a physical connection state of the host system and the peripheral device to set the communication parameter.