Abstract: A silicon-carbon containing electrode material includes a porous carbon structure including pores, and a silicon-containing coating formed on the porous carbon structure. A volume ratio of mesopores is 70% or more based on a total pore volume of the porous carbon structure. A weight ratio of silicon is 30 wt % or more based on a total weight of the electrode material. A high-capacity secondary battery is effectively implemented by using silicon-carbon containing electrode material.

Abstract: An air conditioning device for a vehicle includes: a housing having an inside divided into an inflow space, a heat exchange space, and an outflow space, which are straightly arranged, and having a plurality of discharge ports, which communicates with an interior, at the inflow space; a blowing unit disposed at the inflow space of the housing and configured to blow air; a heat exchange unit disposed at the heat exchange space of the housing and configured to adjust a temperature of conditioned air by exchanging heat with air; and an opening-closing door disposed at the outflow space of the housing and configured to open and close the plurality of discharge ports such that conditioned air at an adjusted temperature selectively flows to the plurality of discharge ports. The air conditioning device adjusts the temperature of conditioned air for respective modes and reduces a flow resistance of air.

Abstract: The present disclosure herein relates to methods of forming conductive patterns and to methods of manufacturing semiconductor devices using the same. In some embodiments, a method of forming a conductive pattern includes forming a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer on a substrate. The first conductive layer and the second conductive layer may include a metal nitride and a metal, respectively. The first conductive layer and the second conductive layer may be etched using an etchant composition that includes phosphoric acid, nitric acid, an assistant oxidant and a remainder of water. The etchant composition may have substantially the same etching rate for the metal nitride and the metal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to expression vectors and methods for enhancing soluble expression and secretion of an insoluble heterologous protein, particularly a bulky folded active heterologous protein which has one or more transmembrane-like domains or intramolecular disulfide bonds by linking a leader peptide with acidic or basic pI and high hydrophilicity thereto; by substituting one or more amino acids within N-terminal of the heterologous protein with ones having acidic or neutral pI and high hydrophilicity; or reducing elevating ?GRNA value of a polynucleotide encoding the leader peptide having basic pI value and high hydrophilicity. The expression vector and the method may be used to produce of heterologous protein and to transduce of therapeutic proteins in a patient by preventing formation of insoluble inclusion body and by enhancing secretional efficiency of the heterologous protein into the periplasm or outside cell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an isolated Bacillus sp. strain having probiotic activity. More particularly, the present invention relates to an isolated Bacillus sp. 2-4 (KCCM11107P) strain having probiotic activity. Since the strain of the present invention functions as probiotics by having an antibacterial activity against various fish pathogenic bacteria, as well as secreting helpful enzymes such as protease, amylase, cellulose, and lipase to help the digestion and absorption of the feed, the strain of the present invention can be helpfully used as a feed additive for fish and crustaceans.

Abstract: A system for removing a photoresist includes a solution storage configured to store a preliminary photoresist removal solution, a solution activation unit configured to convert the preliminary photoresist removal solution from the solution storage into an activated photoresist removal solution, and a photoresist removal unit configured to receive the activated photoresist removal solution from the solution activation unit, and configured to load a substrate including a photoresist pattern formed thereon.

Abstract: A method of preparing a solid ink composition, comprising the steps of: reacting 15-25 parts by weight of base oil including coconut oil, palm oil and castor oil and 40-60 parts by weight of aliphatic organic acid of 10 to 20 carbon atoms with 7-15 parts by weight of a caustic soda solution (concentration: 40%) to saponify the base oil and to change the aliphatic organic acid into sodium salt thereof; mixing 3-10 by weight of glycerin, 10-20 by weight of ethanol, 0.1-1.0 by weight of a dye and 1-10 by weight of silica with the reaction product and then melting the mixture at 70-80° C.; and cooling the molten mixture. The solid ink composition prepared by the method is very transparent, and has excellent miscibility and stability because it is easily mixed with a water-soluble dye or a water-soluble fluorescent dye.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device. The method includes forming an underlying structure on a semiconductor substrate, forming a material layer on the semiconductor substrate having the underlying structure, the material layer including a first region having a first surface disposed at a first height from a surface of the semiconductor substrate and a second region having a second surface disposed at a second height lower than the first height, and planarizing the material layer. The planarization of the material layer includes coating an etchant on the material layer disposed on the semiconductor substrate, and selectively heating the first region of the material layer to increase an etch rate of the first region of the material layer more than an etch rate of the second region of the material layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure herein relates to methods of forming conductive patterns and to methods of manufacturing semiconductor devices using the same. In some embodiments, a method of forming a conductive pattern includes forming a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer on a substrate. The first conductive layer and the second conductive layer may include a metal nitride and a metal, respectively. The first conductive layer and the second conductive layer may be etched using an etchant composition that includes phosphoric acid, nitric acid, an assistant oxidant and a remainder of water. The etchant composition may have substantially the same etching rate for the metal nitride and the metal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to expression vectors and methods for enhancing soluble expression and secretion of an insoluble heterologous protein, particularly a bulky folded active heterologous protein which has one or more transmembrane-like domains or intramolecular disulfide bonds by linking a leader peptide with acidic or basic pl and high hydrophilicity thereto; by substituting one or more amino acids within N-terminal of the heterologous protein with ones having acidic or neutral pl and high hydrophilicity; or reducing elevating ?GRNA value of a polynucleotide encoding the leader peptide having basic pl value and high hydrophilicity. The expression vector and the method may be used to produce of heterologous protein and to transduce of therapeutic proteins in a patient by preventing formation of insoluble inclusion body and by enhancing secretional efficiency of the heterologous protein into the periplasm or outside cell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel Bacillus sp. strain having probiotic activity. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a novel Bacillus sp. 2-4 (KCCM11107P) strain having probiotic activity. Since the strain of the present disclosure functions as probiotics by having an antibacterial activity against various fish pathogenic bacteria, as well as secreting helpful enzymes such as protease, amylase, cellulose, and lipase to help the digestion and absorption of the feed, the strain of the present disclosure can be helpfully used as a feed additive for fish and crustaceans.

Abstract: The present invention relates to expression vectors and methods for enhancing soluble expression and secretion of a heterologous protein, particularly a bulky folded active heterologous protein which has one or more transmembrane-like domains or intramolecular disulfide bonds by linking a leader peptide with acidic or basic pI and high hydrophilicity thereto; by substituting one or more amino acids within N-terminal of the heterologous protein with ones having acidic or neutral pI and high hydrophilicity; or reducing elevating GRNA value of a polynucleotide encoding the leader peptide having basic pI value and high hydrophilicity. The expression vector and the method may be used to produce of heterologous protein and to transduce of therapeutic proteins in a patient by preventing formation of insoluble inclusion body and by enhancing secretional efficiency of the heterologous protein into the periplasm or outside cell.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of preparing a solid ink composition, comprising the steps of: reacting 15-25 parts by weight of base oil including coconut oil, palm oil and castor oil and 40-60 parts by weight of aliphatic organic acid of 10 to 20 carbon atoms with 7-15 parts by weight of a caustic soda solution (concentration: 40%) to saponify the base oil and to change the aliphatic organic acid into sodium salt thereof; mixing 3-10 by weight of glycerin, 10-20 by weight of ethanol, 0.1-1.0 by weight of a dye and 1-10 by weight of silica with the reaction product and then melting the mixture at 70-80° C.; and cooling the molten mixture. The solid ink composition prepared by the method is very transparent, and has excellent miscibility and stability because it is easily mixed with a water-soluble dye or a water-soluble fluorescent dye.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for improving secretion efficiency of a recombinant foreign protein using a polypeptide fragment containing N-region of a signal sequence (directional signal) or variants thereof with the controlled pI value and/or a secretional enhancer composed of a hydrophilic polypeptide with the controlled pI value. The method of the present invention can be not only useful for the production of a recombinant foreign protein by preventing precipitation of an insoluble precipitate and by increasing extracellular or extra-periplasmic secretion efficiency of a recombinant protein but also useful for the transduction of an effective therapeutic protein by increasing membrane permeability using a strong secretional enhancer.

Abstract: A COG type LCD device and method are disclosed, which improve picture quality by minimizing driving voltage drop. The device according to an embodiment comprises an image area including a thin film transistor and a pixel electrode in a pixel region defined by gate and data lines crossing each other. A plurality of drive IC chips are formed using a COG (Chip On Glass) method in the periphery of the image display area. A LOG (Line On Glass) line is provided for cascading the plurality of drive IC chips to divide various signals inputted from an external driving circuit and to provide the divided signals to the respective drive IC chips. The LOG line includes analog and digital power lines. First and second switches are provided between the analog and digital power lines so as to temporarily short the analog and digital power lines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sound-absorbing panel in which the structure of a vibration type sound-absorbing panel for absorbing and offsetting sound waves belonging to a low frequency band is modified to improve a sound absorption effect. A sound-absorbing panel comprises a panel body opened on a lower end thereof and formed on the lower end thereof with a rib which extends outward by a predetermined length, and a plurality of sound-absorbing holes defined on an upper surface of the panel body and possessing a sectional shape of a predetermined figure, each sound-absorbing hole being tapered downward to have an inside space which has a gradually decreasing size and then linearly perforated to have an inside space which has a constant size.

Abstract: Example embodiments relate to a method of treating a substrate after performing a cleaning step with a liquid chemical in a single substrate spin cleaner. A method of treating a substrate according to example embodiments may include forming a film of deionized water on a surface of the substrate during rinsing, and drying the substrate by supplying a drying gas to the water film on the surface of the substrate. When rinsing the substrate, the rotating speed of the substrate may be reduced to about 50 rpm or less to form a film of water on the surface of the substrate. The film of water may shield the surface of the substrate from direct exposure to atmospheric air. The film of water may be maintained on the surface of the substrate when commencing the supply of the drying gas. Consequently, the number of water marks on the dried substrate may be reduced or prevented.

Abstract: The present invention is drawn to a method for enhancing secretional efficiency of a heterologous protein using a secretional enhancer consisting of a modified signal sequence which comprises the N-region of a signal sequence and/or a hydrophobic fragment of the said signal sequence comprising the said N-region and/or the hydrophilic polypeptide. The method of the present invention can be used not only for production of recombinant heterologous proteins by inhibiting insoluble precipitation and enhancing secretional efficiency of the recombinant protein into the periplasm or the extracellular fluid and but also for transduction of therapeutic proteins by enhancing membrane-permeability of the recombinant protein using a strong secretional enhancer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to phytase enzyme, a gene encoding the enzyme, and a Citrobacter sp. producing the enzyme. Particularly, the present invention relates to the phytase enzyme produced from Citrobacter sp. having (a) molecular weight of 47 kDa, (b) optimal pH of 3.5-4.5, (c) optimal temperature of 45-55° C., (d) a substrates phytate, p-nitrophenyl phosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, ATP or ADP, (e) Michaelis constant of 0.3-0.5 mM utilizing phytate as substrate, and (f) high resistance to protease such as pepsin, trypsin, papain, elastase or pancreatin. The present invention also relates to the gene coding the phytase enzyme and the Citrobacter braakii producing the enzyme. The phytase enzyme and the Citrobacter braakii producing the enzyme of the present invention can be used in manufacturing a feed of monogastrics as feed additive and in recovering a specific decomposition product of phytate at low price.

Abstract: In a single-substrate type apparatus for processing a substrate, the apparatus includes a chamber, a bottom panel, a solution supplying part and a substrate holder. The chamber has an upper portion and a lower portion. The bottom panel is detachably connected to the lower portion. The solution supplying part is connected to the bottom panel to supply a processing solution to the substrate in the chamber. The substrate holder provides the substrate into the chamber, the substrate holder holding both side portions of the substrate such that the substrate is vertically arranged.