Abstract: Provided are a method for generating a summary and a system therefor. The method according to some embodiments may include calculating a likelihood loss for a summary model using a first text sample and a first summary sentence corresponding to the first text sample, calculating an unlikelihood loss for the summary model using a second text sample and the first summary sentence, the second text sample being a negative sample generated from the first text sample, and updating the summary model based on the likelihood loss and the unlikelihood loss.

Abstract: A display device is disclosed that includes a pixel component configured to output an image based on a first driving frequency, a scan driver configured to sequentially provide a scan signal to each pixel row in each frame based on the first driving frequency, and a driving controller configured control the scan driver such that, in the case where image data includes data corresponding to a static image, a display area is divided into a first area for the static image, and a second area for a video, and the first area is driven at a second driving frequency, and the second area is driven at a third driving frequency. The driving controller may control the scan driver such that a driving frequency corresponding to the first area is reduced to the second driving frequency, and a driving frequency corresponding to the second area is increased to the third driving frequency.

Abstract: Disclosed are a system and method for automatically evaluating an essay. The system includes a structure analysis module configured to divide learning data and learner essay text in a predetermined structure analysis unit, generate structure tagging information for each structure analysis unit, and structure the learning data and the learner essay text by attaching the structure tagging information to the learning data and the learner essay text, a learning module configured to generate an essay evaluation model through learning by using essay text that is included in the structured learning data and the structure tagging information as an input value and using an evaluation score that is included in the structured learning data as a label, and an evaluation module configured to generate essay evaluation results using the essay evaluation model.

Abstract: One aspect of the present disclosure is a pharmaceutical composition which includes (R)—N-[1-(3,5-difluoro-4-methansulfonylamino-phenyl)-ethyl]-3-(2-propyl-6-trifluoromethyl-pyridin-3-yl)-acrylamide as a first component and a cellulosic polymer as a second component, wherein the composition of one aspect of the present disclosure has a formulation characteristic in which crystal formation is delayed for a long time.

Abstract: An integrated circuit device includes a fin-type active region protruding from a top surface of a substrate and extending in a first direction parallel to the top surface of the substrate, a gate structure intersecting with the fin-type active region and extending on the substrate in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, a source/drain region on a first side of the gate structure, a first contact structure on the source/drain region, and a contact capping layer on the first contact structure. A top surface of the first contact structure has a first width in the first direction, a bottom surface of the contact capping layer has a second width greater than the first width stated above in the first direction, and the contact capping layer includes a protruding portion extending outward from a sidewall of the first contact structure.

Abstract: A pixel includes: a storage capacitor connected between a first power supply voltage and a gate node; a first transistor including a gate electrode connected to the gate node; a second transistor to transfer a data signal to a source of the first transistor in response to a scan signal; a third transistor to diode-connect the first transistor in response to the scan signal, and including first and second sub-transistors serially connected between the gate node and a drain of the first transistor; a fourth transistor to transfer an initialization voltage to the gate node in response to an initialization signal, and including third and fourth sub-transistors serially connected between the gate node and the initialization voltage; and an organic light emitting diode including a cathode connected to a second power supply voltage. At least one of the second and fourth sub-transistors includes a bottom electrode.

Abstract: A source driver includes a digital-to-analog converter that converts signals corresponding to first and second colors included in digital image data into first and second analog color data voltages, respectively, an output buffer unit including a first output buffer that alternately outputs the first color data voltage and the second color data voltage during one horizontal period, and a controller that controls the digital-to-analog converter and the first output buffer to alternately output the first color data voltage and the second color data voltage corresponding to each horizontal period for each horizontal period. The controller controls the first output buffer such that the second color data voltage is output after the first color data voltage is first output during a first horizontal period, and the first color data voltage is output after the second color data voltage is first output during a subsequent second horizontal period.

Abstract: A source driver includes a digital-to-analog converter that converts signals corresponding to first and second colors included in digital image data into first and second analog color data voltages, respectively, an output buffer unit including a first output buffer that alternately outputs the first color data voltage and the second color data voltage during one horizontal period, and a controller that controls the digital-to-analog converter and the first output buffer to alternately output the first color data voltage and the second color data voltage corresponding to each horizontal period for each horizontal period. The controller controls the first output buffer such that the second color data voltage is output after the first color data voltage is first output during a first horizontal period, and the first color data voltage is output after the second color data voltage is first output during a subsequent second horizontal period.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel including a plurality of pixels, a folding area, a first non-folding area disposed on one side of the folding area, and a second non-folding area disposed on the other side of the folding area, a first adhesive layer disposed on one surface of the display panel, and a code pattern layer. The code pattern layer includes a light absorption layer disposed on one surface of the first adhesive layer, a base layer disposed on the light absorption layer, and a plurality of code patterns disposed on the base layer. A thickness of the base layer is smaller than a thickness of the first adhesive layer.

Abstract: A display device includes: a data driver for supplying a data signal to each of a plurality of data lines; and a pixel unit including a plurality of sub-pixels. The pixel unit further includes one dummy data line disposed separate from a data line of a first column among the data lines. The data line of the first column is connected to sub-pixels disposed on odd-numbered pixel rows among sub-pixels disposed on a first pixel column, and is connected to sub-pixels disposed on even-numbered pixel rows among sub-pixels disposed on a third pixel column. The dummy data line is connected to sub-pixels disposed on the even-numbered pixel rows among the sub-pixels disposed on the first pixel column.

Abstract: An image sensor with improved performance is provided. The image sensor includes a substrate, a prism structure on the substrate, the prism structure including at least one nanopattern, and an anti-reflection structure on the prism structure, the anti-reflection structure including at least one opening array, the opening array including a plurality of spaced-apart openings.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a display panel displaying an image based on an input image data, a data driver outputting a data voltage to a data line, and a driving controller determining a driving frequency of the display panel based on the input image data. The driving controller includes a flicker value storage configured to store flicker values for grayscale values corresponding to the input image data, a voltage drop determiner configured to adjust a flicker value of the flicker values based on a voltage drop of the display panel, a still image determiner configured to determine whether the input image data is a still image or a video image, and a driving frequency determiner configured to determine the driving frequency of the display panel using the flicker value based on the input image data being the still image.

Abstract: A display device includes: a data driver for supplying a data signal to each of a plurality of data lines; and a pixel unit including a plurality of sub-pixels. The pixel unit further includes one dummy data line disposed separate from a data line of a first column among the data lines. The data line of the first column is connected to sub-pixels disposed on odd-numbered pixel rows among sub-pixels disposed on a first pixel column, and is connected to sub-pixels disposed on even-numbered pixel rows among sub-pixels disposed on a third pixel column. The dummy data line is connected to sub-pixels disposed on the even-numbered pixel rows among the sub-pixels disposed on the first pixel column.

Abstract: A display device of the invention includes: a pixel portion including first pixel rows connected to first scan lines and second pixel rows connected to second scan lines; a scan driver including first and second stages connected to the first scan lines and the second scan lines; and a data driver connected to the first and second pixel rows through same data lines. The first stages are connected to first clock lines, the second stages are connected to second clock lines, a first start stage of the first stages and a second start stage of the second stages are connected to a same scan start line, each first stage excluding the first start stage is connected to a first scan line of a previous first stage, and each second stage excluding the second start stage is connected to a second scan line of a previous second stage.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel including a first pixel column in which first and third color pixels are alternately disposed, a second pixel column in which second color pixels are disposed, a third pixel column in which the third and first color pixels are alternately disposed, and a fourth pixel column in which the second color pixels are disposed. The display device further includes a scan driver applying a scan signal to scan lines, a data driver including a first source channel supplying a first color data signal and a second color data signal to a first data line, and a second source channel supplying the second color data signal and a third color data signal to a second data line, and a demultiplexer successively selecting the first and second sub-data lines during a period in which the scan signal is supplied to each scan line.

Abstract: A pixel of an organic light emitting diode display device includes a capacitor, a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor, a sixth transistor, a seventh transistor, an eighth transistor, a ninth transistor and an organic light emitting diode. The third transistor includes first and second sub-transistors which are coupled to each other in series between a drain of the first transistor and a gate node, and a fourth transistor includes third and fourth sub-transistors which are coupled to each other in series between a line of an initialization voltage and the gate node. The eighth transistor applies a reference voltage to a first node between the first and second sub-transistors in response to an emission signal, and a ninth transistor applies the reference voltage to a second node between the third and fourth sub-transistors in response to the emission signal.

Abstract: A display device includes: a data driver for supplying a data signal to output lines; a demultiplexer connected to each of the output lines, the demultiplexer to supply the data signal supplied to each output line to a first data line and a second data line; first pixels disposed in a (2j?1)-th column and a (2k?1)-th row, the first pixels being connected to the first data line, wherein j and k are positive integers; second pixels disposed in the (2j?1)-th column and a (2k)-th row, the second pixels being connected to the second data line; third pixels disposed in a (2j)-th column and the (2k?1)-th row, the third pixels being connected to the first data line; and fourth pixels disposed in the (2j)-th column and the (2k)-th row, the fourth pixels being connected to the second data line.

Abstract: A display device includes: a pixel part to display an image and including pixels receiving a reference voltage; a controller to determine a value of the reference voltage based on a load of the entire pixel part, and to control a grayscale range of image data according to a location in the pixel part based on the reference voltage; a data driver to supply data voltages to the pixel part through data lines based on grayscale ranges adjusted for each location in the pixel part; and a scan driver to supply a scan signal to the pixels through scan lines.

Abstract: A display device includes: a display panel configured to display an image; a signal controller configured to determine whether an input image signal is a still image signal, and determine color coordinates using data values of one frame data of the input image signal, and generate compensated image data by compensating image data of the one frame data based on the color coordinates; and a data driver configured to generate a data signal based on the compensated image data and output the compensated image data to the display panel through a data line.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a display device that controls output of a scan signal, conversion of image data, and output of a data signal in response to partial scan driving. The display device includes a display panel driven in one of a first mode and a second mode, a scan driver sequentially supplying a scan signal for writing data in the first mode, a controller generating image data in which input image data is rearranged based on the first mode or the second mode, and a data driver converting the image data into data signals and supplying the data signals to output channels.