Abstract: To operate a nonvolatile memory system including a nonvolatile memory device and a memory controller, a mapping memory is divided into a plurality of mapping memory regions where the mapping memory stores mapping data representing a mapping relation between a logical address of a host device and a physical address of the nonvolatile memory device. Occupation information representing whether the mapping data are stored in each mapping memory region of the plurality of mapping memory regions are provided. Based on the occupation information, user data are stored in a corresponding mapping memory region of the plurality of mapping memory regions in which the mapping data are not stored.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes: a memory device; and a storage controller. The storage controller includes a flash controller performing data operations on the memory device, and a processor executing a real-time operating system (RTOS) for controlling the flash controller, wherein the RTOS receives expiration time information of data from a host and performs at least one of the data operations using a scheduler based on the expiration time information.

Abstract: Disclosed is a monoblock brake caliper comprising a caliper body including an arcuate section in an arc shape to partially surround a brake disc, and a side section formed at both sides of the arcuate section and positioned in close proximity to both sides of the brake disc; a brake hydraulic line disposed inside the caliper body and configured to be insert-cast during the casting of the caliper body so as to be formed as a U-shaped pipe; and a metal core disposed on the inner side of the side section of the caliper body so as to be positioned adjoining the brake hydraulic line at a portion where a piston is to be disposed during the casting of the caliper body so that the metal core is removed from the caliper body after the casting of the caliper body to form a cylinder in the caliper body.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for forming a round bar into variable shapes, comprising: a main body provided with a plate portion with a circular shape having a plate hole formed in a center thereof, having plate protrusions protruding to the plate portion in a radial shape, and a turn gear connecting portion formed at an outer circumference surface of the plate portion; a round bar forming portion coupled between the plate protrusions and having a slide mold seated on the plate portion and a forming roll coupled to the slide mold to rotate; and a turn gear having a donut shape, provided with a turn gear protruding portion with a circular arc shape having different diameters from a center in an inner surface thereof, and disposed between the slide mold and the turn gear connecting portion.

Abstract: A method of processing data in a memory system including a control unit and a hybrid memory device having a first memory and a second memory, includes; receiving first write data, storing the first write data in the first memory and assigning a first group state from among a plurality of group states to the stored first write data in response to first attribution information, completing a data processing operation in the memory system directed to the stored first write data that changes the attribution information associated with the stored first write data by monitoring of the first attribution information using an operating system running on the memory controller, and changing the first group state assigned to the stored first write data to a second group state from among the plurality of group states, the second group state having a different priority than a priority for the first group state.

Abstract: A user terminal apparatus connected to an electronic device, and a method thereof, are provided. The apparatus includes a communicator that performs communication with the electronic device, an audio processor that processes an audio source to be transmitted to the electronic device, and a controller that adjusts a sound level of the audio source based on a reference volume unit of the electronic device, and controls the adjusted audio source to be transmitted to the electronic device in a streaming method.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and a computer-readable storage medium for providing audio content are provided. The method includes receiving, from at least one external device, a request for audio content; and transmitting, to the at least one external device, at least one piece of audio advertisement information while transmitting, to the at least one external device, audio content in response to the request from the at least one external device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of controlling a terminal. Context information related to a location of the terminal is acquired, and the location of the terminal is determined by comparing acquired context information and patterns information representing a target location previously set. At least one of transmission power and a scan period for communication between the terminal and another terminal is determined according to characteristics of the determined location.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a piezoelectric circuit, a piezoelectric driving circuit driving the piezoelectric circuit, and a method for driving the piezoelectric circuit. The piezoelectric circuit includes a sub-piezoelectric circuit and an external inductor coupled in parallel with the sub-piezoelectric circuit. The external inductor discharges the sub-piezoelectric circuit when a polarity of a piezoelectric voltage, that is, a both-end voltage of the piezoelectric circuit is inverted. The piezoelectric driving circuit includes first and third switches connected to a first node of the piezoelectric circuit and second and fourth switches connected to a second node of the piezoelectric circuit.

Abstract: The present invention related to a switch control circuit, a coupled inductor boost converter including the same, and a driving method thereof. The coupled inductor boost converter includes a first inductor connected between an input voltage and a first node, a second inductor connected between the first node and a second node, and a power switch connected between the first node and a ground, and a switch control circuit. The switch control circuit receives a voltage of the second node and turn on the power switch by using the voltage of the second node at a time when a voltage of the first node becomes a zero voltage.

Abstract: Provided are an advertisement providing system and method. The advertisement providing method acquires information on a user interaction, acquires a second advertisement schedule which is generated by rescheduling a first advertisement schedule on the basis of the information on the user interaction, and provides an advertisement according to the second advertisement schedule.

Abstract: Provided are an advertisement providing system and method. The advertisement providing method acquires information on a user interaction, acquires a second advertisement schedule which is generated by rescheduling a first advertisement schedule on the basis of the information on the user interaction, and provides an advertisement according to the second advertisement schedule.

Abstract: An information providing apparatus and method for providing information regarding a device, by the information providing apparatus, are provided. The method includes finding at least one device capable of providing a service based on location information via a communication unit included in the information providing apparatus; receiving, from the found at least one device, via the communication unit, information regarding the found at least one device, wherein the information regarding the found at least one device comprises current location information of the found at least one device, current status information of the found at least one device, and function information of the found at least one device; and storing the received information in at least one of a storage unit included in the information providing apparatus and an external storage device.

Abstract: An external merge sort method includes inputting source data, storing, by a computer device, a plurality of runs in a storage device, the plurality of runs being obtained by dividing and internally sorting source data according to a size processable in a memory, performing, by the storage device, a merge sort on the stored runs using embedded software and accessing, by the computer device, the sorted data.

Abstract: A method of processing data in a memory system including a control unit and a hybrid memory device having a first memory and a second memory, includes; receiving first write data, storing the first write data in the first memory and assigning a first group state from among a plurality of group states to the stored first write data in response to first attribution information, completing a data processing operation in the memory system directed to the stored first write data that changes the attribution information associated with the stored first write data by monitoring of the first attribution information using an operating system running on the memory controller, and changing the first group state assigned to the stored first write data to a second group state from among the plurality of group states, the second group state having a different priority than a priority for the first group state.

Abstract: Provided are a system and method for a safe taxi service. The method for a safe taxi service in a mobile device includes: transmitting input information regarding a destination to a vehicle information system; periodically receiving information regarding a current location of a vehicle from the vehicle information system; comparing the current location with an expected path to the destination; and transmitting state information to an external system when it is determined, according to the comparing, that the current location deviates from the expected path to the destination to an extent equal to or greater than a predetermined limit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions and methods for altering (e.g., enhancing) RNAi. In particular, the present invention provides systems and methods for identifying regulators of RNAi. For example, the present invention provides RNAi regulators (e.g., HPS1 and HPS4) and methods of altering (e.g., inhibiting) these regulators in order to alter (e.g., enhance) RNAi. The present invention also provides methods of identifying inhibitors (e.g., small molecule, nucleic acid (e.g., siRNA), and antibody) of RNAi regulators and methods of using the same (e.g., to enhance RNAi). Compositions and methods of the present invention find use in research (e.g., functional genomics), therapeutic (e.g., drug discovery and delivery) and clinical applications.

Abstract: A user terminal apparatus connected to an electronic device, and a method thereof, are provided. The apparatus includes a communicator that performs communication with the electronic device, an audio processor that processes an audio source to be transmitted to the electronic device, and a controller that adjusts a sound level of the audio source based on a reference volume unit of the electronic device, and controls the adjusted audio source to be transmitted to the electronic device in a streaming method.

Abstract: The present invention related to a switch control circuit, a coupled inductor boost converter including the same, and a driving method thereof. The coupled inductor boost converter includes a first inductor connected between an input voltage and a first node, a second inductor connected between the first node and a second node, and a power switch connected between the first node and a ground, and a switch control circuit. The switch control circuit receives a voltage of the second node and turn on the power switch by using the voltage of the second node at a time when a voltage of the first node becomes a zero voltage.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a piezoelectric circuit, a piezoelectric driving circuit driving the piezoelectric circuit, and a method for driving the piezoelectric circuit. The piezoelectric circuit includes a sub-piezoelectric circuit and an external inductor coupled in parallel with the sub-piezoelectric circuit. The external inductor discharges the sub-piezoelectric circuit when a polarity of a piezoelectric voltage, that is, a both-end voltage of the piezoelectric circuit is inverted. The piezoelectric driving circuit includes first and third switches connected to a first node of the piezoelectric circuit and second and fourth switches connected to a second node of the piezoelectric circuit.