Abstract: A substrate-treating apparatus includes a liquid-providing part, a first liquid-removing knife and a returning part. The liquid-providing part provides a first liquid chemical for cleaning a substrate that includes a metal pattern and a photoresist pattern on the metal pattern, and for removing an etchant that remains on the substrate. The first liquid-removing knife sprays a second liquid chemical in a direction inclined and opposite to a returning direction of the substrate, so as to remove the first liquid chemical, the first liquid chemical including a metal precipitate. The returning part returns the substrate from the liquid-providing part toward the first liquid-removing knife in the returning direction.

Abstract: A substrate-treating apparatus includes a liquid-providing part, a first liquid-removing knife and a returning part. The liquid-providing part provides a first liquid chemical for cleaning a substrate that includes a metal pattern and a photoresist pattern on the metal pattern, and for removing an etchant that remains on the substrate. The first liquid-removing knife sprays a second liquid chemical in a direction inclined and opposite to a returning direction of the substrate, so as to remove the first liquid chemical, the first liquid chemical including a metal precipitate. The returning part returns the substrate from the liquid-providing part toward the first liquid-removing knife in the returning direction.

Abstract: A thin film transistor includes a gate electrode, an active pattern overlapping with the gate electrode and including a semiconductive oxide, and a source metal pattern disposed on the active pattern and including a source electrode and a drain electrode spaced apart from the source electrode. The active pattern underlaps an entire portion of a lower surface of the source metal pattern and minimally protrudes beyond lateral ends of the source metal pattern due to the active pattern having sidewall taper angles that are substantially greater than corresponding and adjacent sidewall taper angles of the overlying source metal pattern. Thus parasitic capacitance may be reduced and performance enhanced.

Abstract: A method of forming a metal pattern includes disposing a gate metal layer on a substrate; disposing a photoresist layer on the gate metal layer; etching portions of the photoresist layer to form a first photo pattern; etching portions of the gate metal layer to form a gate pattern including a gate electrode, in which the gate metal layer is patterned using the first photo pattern as a mask; ashing an end portion of the first photo pattern to form a second photo pattern; disposing a first gate insulating layer over the substrate and the second photo pattern; removing the second photo pattern and a portion of the first gate insulating layer disposed over the second photo pattern; and disposing a second insulating layer over the gate pattern and the remaining portions of the first gate insulating layer.

Abstract: A method of forming a metal pattern includes disposing a gate metal layer on a substrate; disposing a photoresist layer on the gate metal layer; etching portions of the photoresist layer to form a first photo pattern; etching portions of the gate metal layer to form a gate pattern including a gate electrode, in which the gate metal layer is patterned using the first photo pattern as a mask; ashing an end portion of the first photo pattern to form a second photo pattern; disposing a first gate insulating layer over the substrate and the second photo pattern; removing the second photo pattern and a portion of the first gate insulating layer disposed over the second photo pattern; and disposing a second insulating layer over the gate pattern and the remaining portions of the first gate insulating layer.

Abstract: A thin film transistor includes a gate electrode, an active pattern overlapping with the gate electrode and including a semiconductive oxide, and a source metal pattern disposed on the active pattern and including a source electrode and a drain electrode spaced apart from the source electrode. The active pattern underlaps an entire portion of a lower surface of the source metal pattern and minimally protrudes beyond lateral ends of the source metal pattern due to the active pattern having sidewall taper angles that are substantially greater than corresponding and adjacent sidewall taper angles of the overlying source metal pattern. Thus parasitic capacitance may be reduced and performance enhanced.

Abstract: A Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna system adaptable to an environmental multiplicity is provided. A MIMO antenna system includes a first antenna element, a second antenna element, a receiver for receiving at least one of different polarized signals through the first antenna element, a channel estimator for estimating a channel using a signal received via the receiver and a signal received via the second antenna element, and a correlation comparator for controlling the receiver to receive a specific polarized signal according to a correlation calculated from the estimated channel.

Abstract: An improved and more compact structure of a built-in antenna for handheld terminals, improving radiation pattern and efficiency. Provided is a planar inverted-F antenna having a radiation part having an inductive radiation portion and a parasitic radiation portion which are spaced in a certain distance apart from a ground surface, a power-supply part horizontally spaced apart from the ground surface and for directly supplying currents to the connected inductive radiation portion, and connection parts for connecting the radiation portions to the ground. The planar inverted-F antenna has an inductive antenna portion and a parasitic antenna portion, thereby reducing its volume compared to the conventional inverted-F antenna. Complicated manufacturing and processing procedures are simplified by connecting the power-supplying part and a PCB.

Abstract: An improved and more compact structure of a built-in antenna for handheld terminals, improving radiation pattern and efficiency. Provided is a planar inverted-F antenna having a radiation part having an inductive radiation portion and a parasitic radiation portion which are spaced in a certain distance apart from a ground surface, a power-supply part horizontally spaced apart from the ground surface and for directly supplying currents to the connected inductive radiation portion, and connection parts for connecting the radiation portions to the ground. The planar inverted-F antenna has an inductive antenna portion and a parasitic antenna portion, thereby reducing its volume compared to the conventional inverted-F antenna. Complicated manufacturing and processing procedures are simplified by connecting the power-supplying part and a PCB.

Abstract: An antenna having a parasitic element is disclosed, the antenna including a ground, a radiation unit which is arranged on a different area of the same plane as the ground, and a parasitic element which is selectively connected to the ground, and operates as an antenna element. Where the antenna is in a first mode, electromagnetic waves resonate in the radiation unit, and where the antenna is in a second mode, electromagnetic waves resonate in the radiation unit and the parasitic element.

Abstract: An improved and more compact structure of a built-in antenna for handheld terminals, improving radiation pattern and efficiency. Provided is a planar inverted-F antenna having a radiation part having an inductive radiation portion and a parasitic radiation portion which are spaced in a certain distance apart from a ground surface, a power-supply part horizontally spaced apart from the ground surface and for directly supplying currents to the connected inductive radiation portion, and connection parts for connecting the radiation portions to the ground. The planar inverted-F antenna has an inductive antenna portion and a parasitic antenna portion, thereby reducing its volume compared to the conventional inverted-F antenna. Complicated manufacturing and processing procedures are simplified by connecting the power-supplying part and a PCB.

Abstract: A monopole antenna having a matching function includes a ground; and a radiator having a first radiation part which is connected to a first side of the ground in a strip shape perpendicularly to the ground, and at least one second radiation part which is bent from a first end of the first radiation part at least once.

Abstract: A transmission line conversion apparatus connecting a parallel transmission line to a coplanar waveguide (CPW) is provided. To this end, the CPW including a transmission line composed of a signal line and a ground line which is formed on one surface of a dielectric substrate, and a parallel transmission line connected to the CPW, at a predetermined angle with respect to a substrate constituting the CPW, and composed of a signal line and a ground line, are proposed. In addition, the signal line of the CPW and the signal line of the parallel transmission line are connected to each other, and the ground line of the CPW and the ground line of the parallel transmission line are connected to each other. As such, by connecting the CPW to the parallel transmission line, a return loss can be minimized.

Abstract: An antenna having a parasitic element is disclosed, the antenna including a ground, a radiation unit which is arranged on a different area of the same plane as the ground, and a parasitic element which is selectively connected to the ground, and operates as an antenna element. Where the antenna is in a first mode, electromagnetic waves resonate in the radiation unit, and where the antenna is in a second mode, electromagnetic waves resonate in the radiation unit and the parasitic element.

Abstract: A plate board type MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) array antenna including a board, a plurality of antenna elements manufactured on the board, and an isolation unit offsetting effects of electromagnetic waves radiated from the plurality of antenna elements on the other antenna elements of the plurality of antenna elements. In a case where two antenna elements are used, the isolation unit may include at least one isolation element positioned within a space between the two antenna elements on the board and symmetric with respect to a center of a distance between the two antenna elements.

Abstract: A Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna system adaptable to an environmental multiplicity is provided. A MIMO antenna system includes a first antenna element, a second antenna element, a receiver for receiving at least one of different polarized signals through the first antenna element, a channel estimator for estimating a channel using a signal received via the receiver and a signal received via the second antenna element, and a correlation comparator for controlling the receiver to receive a specific polarized signal according to a correlation calculated from the estimated channel.

Abstract: A monopole antenna capable of implementing an MIMO system, which includes a ground part formed of plate metal, a monopole antenna element connected to one side of the ground part and formed of strips bent multiple times, an auxiliary antenna element connected to one side of the ground part and disposed adjacent to the monopole antenna element to electrically connect to the monopole antenna element, and a short-circuit part interconnecting the monopole antenna element and the auxiliary antenna element. Accordingly, the monopole antenna element is bent multiple times so that the antenna can become compact in less than half a width compared to the conventional antenna, and when the MIMO system is constructed, the interference between the respective antennas can be reduced so that the array antenna can become compact in size.

Abstract: An antenna having an additional ground, includes a first ground which is formed in one side of a substrate; a plurality of antenna elements which are formed symmetrically with respect to each other and spaced apart from one end of the first ground; and a second ground which is interposed between the plurality of the antenna elements and integrally formed with the first ground. Accordingly, the deterioration of the antenna characteristics can be minimized even after the arrangement of the antenna elements with the ground, and the antenna can be miniaturized and easily fabricated in a two-dimensional structure. Furthermore, the electromagnetic wave interference can be minimized between the antenna elements.

Abstract: A flat-plate MIMO array antenna includes a substrate, a plurality of antenna elements disposed on the substrate, and at least one isolation element interposed between a plurality of antenna elements on the substrate and connected to a ground. Mutual interference between the antenna elements is prevented by the isolation element formed between the antenna elements, thereby preventing the distortion of the radiation pattern. Also, since the isolation element is grounded to the ground surface, the isolation element operates as a parasitic antenna, thereby increasing the output gain.

Abstract: A monopole antenna having a matching function includes a ground; and a radiator having a first radiation part which is connected to a first side of the ground in a strip shape perpendicularly to the ground, and at least one second radiation part which is bent from a first end of the first radiation part at least once.