Abstract: An illumination optical system includes: a mirror part that converges light; a light source part that is disposed at a first focus of the mirror part and emits the light; a first aperture that is disposed at a second focus different from the first focus of the mirror part, absorbs a portion of the light converged at a plane of the second focus, and transmits a first light; a lens part spaced apart from the mirror part with the first aperture interposed between the mirror part and the lens part; a second aperture that is disposed between the first aperture and the lens part, absorbs a portion of the first light, and transmits a second light; and a cooling member that compensates for a temperature of the second aperture.

Abstract: A laser annealing apparatus includes a plurality of lasers, a laser controller that controls the plurality of lasers such that a plurality of laser beams generated from the plurality of lasers is emitted at different timings, beam mixer optics that outputs a processing beam by mixing the plurality of laser beams of which output timings are adjusted, and focus optics that outputs the processing beam of which focus is adjusted. The processing beam includes a first processing laser beam having a first pulse, a second processing laser beam having a second pulse following the first pulse, and a third processing laser beam having a third pulse following the second pulse. A first peak of the first pulse is smaller than a second peak of the second pulse, and a third peak of the third pulse is smaller than the second peak.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for forming a line beam. The apparatus includes a laser source, a telescope unit, a beam-transforming unit, a Fourier unit, a long-axis optical unit, and a short-axis optical unit. The laser source is configured to generate input light. The telescope unit is configured to magnify the input light in an X-axis direction perpendicular to an optical axis, which is a progression direction of the input light. The beam-transforming unit is configured to divide light incident from the telescope unit into a plurality of sub-columns. The Fourier unit is configured to uniformly mix the plurality of sub-columns. The long-axis optical unit is configured to uniformly disperse light mixed by the Fourier unit in the X-axis direction.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for controlling all-in-one radio equipment based on O-RAN are provided.

Abstract: A laser annealing apparatus includes a plurality of lasers, a laser controller that controls the plurality of lasers such that a plurality of laser beams generated from the plurality of lasers is emitted at different timings, beam mixer optics that outputs a processing beam by mixing the plurality of laser beams of which output timings are adjusted, and focus optics that outputs the processing beam of which focus is adjusted. The processing beam includes a first processing laser beam having a first pulse, a second processing laser beam having a second pulse following the first pulse, and a third processing laser beam having a third pulse following the second pulse. A first peak of the first pulse is smaller than a second peak of the second pulse, and a third peak of the third pulse is smaller than the second peak.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for forming a line beam. The apparatus includes a laser source, a telescope unit, a beam-transforming unit, a Fourier unit, a long-axis optical unit, and a short-axis optical unit. The laser source is configured to generate input light. The telescope unit is configured to magnify the input light in an X-axis direction perpendicular to an optical axis, which is a progression direction of the input light. The beam-transforming unit is configured to divide light incident from the telescope unit into a plurality of sub-columns. The Fourier unit is configured to uniformly mix the plurality of sub-columns. The long-axis optical unit is configured to uniformly disperse light mixed by the Fourier unit in the X-axis direction.

Abstract: A system and method for segmenting, distributing and replacing streaming multimedia clips in a network system including at least one origin server connected to a plurality of streaming caches via an interactive distribution network, such as the Internet. The at least one origin server stores a plurality of streaming multimedia clips in an associated memory and segments the clips into a plurality of data segment of exponentially increasing size; the origin server then distributes the plurality of data segments to the plurality of streaming caches where each streaming cache decides whether to store or discard each segment in accordance with a predefined probability. Another aspect of the invention involves replacing stored data segments at each of the plurality of streaming caches as needed. In one embodiment, a hotness rating is computed for each streaming multimedia clip stored in an SC. Clips are replaced as needed based on their hotness rating relative to other clips.

Abstract: A cache replacement system and method for changing the number of cached copies of segments of a media clip in response to rank change for the media clip is disclosed. Whenever rank change for a media clip is detected at an origin server, rank change information is distributed to proxy servers organized in a loosely coupled distributed cache. Each proxy server uses this information to recompute caching probabilities for segments of the media clip in order to determine which segments of the clip to store or discard, thereby forming a new cache layout for the clip at each proxy server. Segments are neither added nor deleted to build the new cache layout until client requests for segments of the clip are received at proxy servers. Upon receiving client requests, construction of the new cache layout occurs on a segment-by-segment basis by employing techniques of lazy caching and token exchange.

Abstract: A system and method for segmenting, distributing and replacing streaming multimedia in a network system including at least one origin server connected to a plurality of streaming caches via an interactive distribution network, such as the Internet. The at least one origin server stores a plurality of streaming multimedia clips in an associated memory and segments the clips into a plurality of data segment of exponentially increasing size; the origin server then distributes the plurality of data segments to the plurality of streaming caches where each streaming cache decides whether to store or discard each segment in accordance with a predefined probability. Another aspect of the invention involves replacing stored data segments at each of the plurality of streaming caches as needed. In one embodiment, a hotness rating is computed for each streaming multimedia clip stored in an SC. Clips are replaced as needed based on their hotness rating relative to other clips.

Abstract: A cache replacement system and method for changing the number of cached copies of segments of a media clip in response to a rank change for the media clip. Whenever a rank change for a media clip is detected at an origin server, the rank change information is distributed to a plurality of proxy servers which collectively make up a loosely coupled distributed cache. Upon receiving the rank change information at each proxy server, the caching probabilities for the segments of the media clip are re-computed using the rank change information to determine which segments of the clip to store or discard, thereby forming a new cache layout for the clip at each proxy server. Although each proxy server makes a local determination regarding which segments of the clip to store or discard, segments are neither added or deleted to actually build the new cache layout until such time as client requests for segments of the media clip are received at the proxy servers.