Abstract: An encoder and a video processing system including the encoder are provided. The encoder may include a quantization operation selection circuit configured to generate first data by performing a first quantization operation based on input data including image data of a frequency domain, to generate a feature value based on the first data, and to generate a control signal for selecting a second quantization operation or a rate-distortion optimized quantization (RDOQ) operation based on a machine learning model trained based on training data that includes the feature value. Additionally, the encoder may include a quantizer configured to perform the second quantization operation or the RDOQ operation based on the control signal and to generate output data (e.g., after performing the second quantization operation or the RDOQ operation).

Abstract: An interpolation model learning method, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions allowing the method to be performed, and a device for learning an interpolation frame generating module are provided. The interpolation model learning method may include extracting, by using a neural network model, a temporal-spatial feature of each of a frame group including an interpolation frame generated by an interpolation model based on a neural network and a frame group including a ground truth (GT) frame corresponding to an interpolation frame and changing a weight and/or a bias of a neural network of an interpolation model to decrease a difference between temporal-spatial features.

Abstract: An electronic circuit includes a block determinator, a candidate selector, and a motion vector generator to perform motion estimation between images. The block determinator determines a current block corresponding to a current location on an image and candidate blocks corresponding to relative locations with respect to the current location for each recursion for blocks constituting the image. The candidate selector selects some of the candidate blocks. The motion vector generator generates a motion vector for the current block based on one reference patch which is determined from reference patches indicated by candidate motion vectors of the selected candidate blocks. At least one of the relative locations corresponding to the candidate blocks selected in a first recursion is different from each of the relative locations corresponding to the candidate blocks selected in a second recursion following the first recursion.

Abstract: An electronic circuit includes a block determinator, a candidate selector, and a motion vector generator to perform motion estimation. The block determinator determines a current block and candidate blocks with regard to each of decimated images generated from an original image, wherein the block determinator determines first candidate blocks based on a location of the current block without a full search for all pixels with regard to a first decimated image of the lowest resolution. The candidate selector selects second candidate blocks which are some of the first candidate blocks with regard to a second decimated image of the highest resolution, such that the block determinator determines the second candidate blocks with regard to the original image. The motion vector generator generates a motion vector for the current block based on one reference patch determined from reference patches indicated by candidate motion vectors of the second candidate blocks.

Abstract: A training operation is performed on the video coding module to generate a personal video parameter based on information on a sensitivity of a user and a preference of a user. An image is received through an imaging device. The image is encoded based on the personal video parameter to generate an encoded image. The encoded image is decoded based on the personal video parameter to generate a first decoded image.

Abstract: An electronic circuit includes a block determinator, a candidate selector, and a motion vector generator to perform motion estimation between images. The block determinator determines a current block corresponding to a current location on an image and candidate blocks corresponding to relative locations with respect to the current location for each recursion for blocks constituting the image. The candidate selector selects some of the candidate blocks. The motion vector generator generates a motion vector for the current block based on one reference patch which is determined from reference patches indicated by candidate motion vectors of the selected candidate blocks. At least one of the relative locations corresponding to the candidate blocks selected in a first recursion is different from each of the relative locations corresponding to the candidate blocks selected in a second recursion following the first recursion.

Abstract: An electronic circuit includes a block determinator, a candidate selector, and a motion vector generator to perform motion estimation. The block determinator determines a current block and candidate blocks with regard to each of decimated images generated from an original image, wherein the block determinator determines first candidate blocks based on a location of the current block without a full search for all pixels with regard to a first decimated image of the lowest resolution. The candidate selector selects second candidate blocks which are some of the first candidate blocks with regard to a second decimated image of the highest resolution, such that the block determinator determines the second candidate blocks with regard to the original image. The motion vector generator generates a motion vector for the current block based on one reference patch determined from reference patches indicated by candidate motion vectors of the second candidate blocks.

Abstract: An electronic device includes an operation processor for encoding image data that is generated by capturing an object, and a communication circuit for communicating with an external device. The operation processor divides an image represented by the image data into a first region and a second region based on an information signal that is received from the external device, encode first image data corresponding to the first region by a first encoding manner, and encode second image data corresponding to the second region by a second encoding manner. An outline of the first region varies depending on a shape of a display device of the external device.

Abstract: A training operation is performed on the video coding module to generate a personal video parameter based on information on a sensitivity of a user and a preference of a user. An image is received through an imaging device. The image is encoded based on the personal video parameter to generate an encoded image. The encoded image is decoded based on the personal video parameter to generate a first decoded image.

Abstract: A transform processor may process original data that includes video information by using at least one of first and second processing methods, and generates at least one of first and second transformed data. Index determination logic may determine an index satisfying a determination condition based on at least one of the first and second transformed data. Energy compaction determination logic may determine energy compaction of at least one of the first and second transformed data based on the determined index. Output selection logic may selectively output one of the first and second transformed data based on the determined energy compaction. An entropy encoder may encode data output from the output selection logic.

Abstract: An electronic device includes an operation processor for encoding image data that is generated by capturing an object, and a communication circuit for communicating with an external device. The operation processor divides an image represented by the image data into a first region and a second region based on an information signal that is received from the external device, encode first image data corresponding to the first region by a first encoding manner, and encode second image data corresponding to the second region by a second encoding manner. An outline of the first region varies depending on a shape of a display device of the external device.

Abstract: A transform processor may process original data that includes video information by using at least one of first and second processing methods, and generates at least one of first and second transformed data. Index determination logic may determine an index satisfying a determination condition based on at least one of the first and second transformed data. Energy compaction determination logic may determine energy compaction of at least one of the first and second transformed data based on the determined index. Output selection logic may selectively output one of the first and second transformed data based on the determined energy compaction. An entropy encoder may encode data output from the output selection logic.

Abstract: Disclosed is a global motion detecting method which includes receiving a video sequence of input images, calculating local motion vectors, one for each image block of a current input image, grouping image blocks of the current input image into image block groups, calculating a group motion parameter of each of the image block groups based on local motion vectors of the image blocks in each respective image block group, and determining a global motion parameter of the currently input image according to the group motion parameters.

Abstract: Disclosed is a global motion detecting method which includes receiving a video sequence of input images, calculating local motion vectors, one for each image block of a current input image, grouping image blocks of the current input image into image block groups, calculating a group motion parameter of each of the image block groups based on local motion vectors of the image blocks in each respective image block group, and determining a global motion parameter of the currently input image according to the group motion parameters.

Abstract: A bitrate estimation method includes: calculating a number of symbol bins of a received syntax element; deciding average bit amount corresponding to the number of symbol bins using a look-up table; and estimating a bitrate based on the number of symbol bins and the average bit amount. Bitrate estimation methods and corresponding devices have improved operation speed, accuracy and/or simplified computation.