Abstract: A liquid crystal display has spacers for maintaining a liquid crystal layer and a cell gap between a substrate and an opposite substrate and also has regions either within a single pixel or over two or more pixels. The spacers are of columnar shape elongated from the substrate to the opposite substrate or the other way round, and the columnar spacers are provided in regions in which the liquid crystal layer is thinnest among those regions in which the liquid crystal layer varies in thickness. The structure makes the liquid crystal display having two or more different cell gaps to stably maintain those cell gaps and produces good quality displays.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a pair of opposite substrates, and a liquid crystal layer as a display medium disposed between said substrates. The pair of substrates are adhered together by a resin sealing material disposed on the periphery portion of at least one of the substrates at the prescribed gap, and an outflow preventing portion having a plurality of concave portions is provided so that at least a part of the outflow preventing portion overlaps with the sealing material.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate; a second substrate; a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; a first polarizer provided on a surface of the first substrate which is on the opposite side to the liquid crystal layer; a second polarizer provided on a surface of the second substrate which is on the opposite side to the liquid crystal layer; a first phase compensation element provided between the first polarizer and the liquid crystal layer; and a second phase compensation element provided between the second polarizer and the liquid crystal layer. A plurality of pixel areas are provided for display. The first substrate includes at least one transmissive electrode, and the second substrate includes a reflective electrode region and a transmissive electrode region in correspondence with each of the plurality of pixel areas.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first and second substrates, a plurality of pixel regions being defined by respective pairs of electrodes for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer, wherein each of the plurality of pixel regions includes a reflection region and a transmission region, and the first substrate includes, a transmission electrode through which light from a light source passes within the transmission region, and a reflection electrode by which ambient light is reflected within the reflection region, wherein the transmission electrode and the reflection electrode are electrically connected to each other in an interface area between the transmission region and the reflection region.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate; a second substrate; a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; a first polarizer provided on a surface of the first substrate which is on the opposite side to the liquid crystal layer; a second polarizer provided on a surface of the second substrate which is on the opposite side to the liquid crystal layer; a first phase compensation element provided between the first polarizer and the liquid crystal layer; and a second phase compensation element provided between the second polarizer and the liquid crystal layer. A plurality of pixel areas are provided for display. The first substrate includes at least one transmissive electrode, and the second substrate includes a reflective electrode region and a transmissive electrode region in correspondence with each of the plurality of pixel areas.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid, crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first substrate includes: a plurality of gate lines; a plurality of source lines arranged to cross with the plurality of gate lines; a plurality of switching elements disposed in the vicinity of crossings of the plurality of gate lines and the plurality of source lines; and a plurality of pixel electrodes connected to the plurality of switching elements. The second substrate includes a counter electrode. A plurality of pixel regions are defined by the plurality of pixel electrodes, the counter electrode, and the liquid crystal layer interposed between the plurality of pixel electrodes and the counter electrode, and each of the plurality of pixel regions includes a reflection region and a transmission region.

Abstract: Each pixel region includes a transmission region for display in a transmission mode using light entering through a first substrate and a reflection region for display in a reflection mode using light entering through a second substrate. The first substrate includes a transparent electrode region and a reflection electrode region, both of which have flat surfaces facing a liquid crystal layer. The second substrate includes a transparent electrode in the reflection region and the transmission region on its surface facing the liquid crystal layer and includes a light diffusion layer in the reflection region, and the surface facing the liquid crystal layer is flat in the transmission region and the reflection region.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes: a first substrate; a second substrate; a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; a display region including a plurality of pixel regions each defined by a pair of electrodes for applying a voltage across the liquid crystal layer; and a non-display region surrounding the display region. The first substrate includes a reflection electrode region provided in the display region for each of the pixel electrodes. The reflection electrode region includes a first insulating layer having a surface which exhibits a concave/convex profile and a reflection layer formed on the first insulating layer. The first substrate includes a second insulating layer in the non-display region. Hmin−0.5≦hmode≦Hmax+0.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes: a first substrate; a second substrate; a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first and second substrates; a plurality of pixel regions for providing a display; and a reflective region for providing a display by using reflected light, the reflective region being provided in each of the plurality of pixel regions, wherein the first substrate includes a reflective electrode region in the reflective region, the second substrate includes a color filter layer, the color filter layer having a color filter region and a non-color filter region in the reflective electrode region, and the color filter region and the non-color filter region are located such that an overlapping area of the reflective electrode region and the non-color filter region is not changed even when the first and second substrates are mis-aligned with respect to each other.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first substrate includes: a plurality of gate lines; a plurality of source lines arranged to cross with the plurality of gate lines; a plurality of switching elements disposed in the vicinity of crossings of the plurality of gate lines and the plurality of source lines; and a plurality of pixel electrodes connected to the plurality of switching elements. The second substrate includes a counter electrode. A plurality of pixel regions are defined by the plurality of pixel electrodes, the counter electrode, and the liquid crystal layer interposed between the plurality of pixel electrodes and the counter electrode, and each of the plurality of pixel regions includes a reflection region and a transmission region.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a pair of opposite substrates, and a liquid crystal layer as a display medium disposed between said substrates. The pair of substrates are adhered together by a resin sealing material disposed on the periphery portion of at least one of the substrates at the prescribed gap, and an outflow preventing portion having a plurality of concave portions is provided so that at least a part of the outflow preventing portion overlaps with the sealing material.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes two substrates having electrodes, respectively, and a liquid crystal layer arranged between the two substrates. One of the two substrates includes a plurality of linear luminous sources ranged in parallel each other, a plurality of linear electrodes ranged in parallel each other and the linear electrodes being crossed with the plurality of linear luminous sources, and a plurality of photoconductive layers provided at crossed positions of the plurality of linear luminous sources and the plurality of linear electrodes, the photoconductive layers serving to perform switching operation in response to light applied from the plurality of linear luminous sources. The liquid crystal has pixels to be driven by a signal applied through the plurality of linear electrodes and the plurality of photoconductive layers.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display having a liquid crystal layer between substrates is provided with a liquid crystal orientation layer sandwiched between a substrate and the liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal orientation layer is made of a mixture of liquid crystal molecules and a photo polymerizable compound. While projecting an ultraviolet ray so as to harden the photo polymerizable compound, a predetermined voltage set according to a desired pretilt angle is applied, thereby fixing the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules. The liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer are controlled so as to have an orientation direction set according to the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal orientation layer. The described liquid crystal orientation layer offers easy and accurate control of the pretilt angle. Therefore, for example, in the DAP mode liquid crystal display, a small pretilt angle can be set on an entire surface of the substrate, thereby achieving a high contrast display.

Abstract: An optical writing type liquid crystal display device is provided with: two twisted nematic liquid crystal cells, each of which has a direction different from each other on twist; a first glass substrate disposed in one liquid crystal cell; and a second glass substrate disposed in another liquid crystal cell. The second glass substrate is laminated to the first glass substrate adjacent to the second glass substrate so as to be at right angles with each other on rubbing directions of the glass substrates. The two twisted nematic liquid crystal cells are arranged such that a polarization axis of a reading light incident onto the two twisted nematic liquid crystal cells is not coincident with the rubbing directions of the two twisted nematic liquid crystal cells.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device having a matrix of pixels includes first and second light-transmissive substrates layered so as to face each other, a plurality of belt-like row electrodes spaced in parallel to each other on the first substrate, a plurality of belt-like column electrodes spaced in parallel to each other on the second substrate, a first shading layer divided into a plurality of segments partially overlying the row electrodes, a second shading layer divided into a plurality of segments partially overlying the column electrodes, and liquid crystals interposed and sealed between the first and second substrates. Each of the segments of the first shading layer are shaped and positioned so as to be opposed to each space between the column electrodes, while each of the segments of the second shading layer are shaped and positioned so as to be opposed to each space between the row electrodes.

Abstract: A colored liquid-crystal display device comprising a positive dielectric anisotropy nematic liquid-crystal layer with the dielectric constant anisotropy, the liquid-crystal layer having an optically active substance; a pair of electrode substrates facing each other and sandwiching therebetween the positive dielectric anisotropy nematic liquid-crystal layer in such a manner that the positive dielectric anisotropy nematic liquid-crystal is formed into a twisted structure with a fixed angle of twist of the liquid-crystal molecules, .phi., of the positive dielectric anisotropy nematic liquid-crystal layer in the direction of a thickness d of the positive dielectric anisotropy nematic liquid-crystal layer; and a polarizer and a analyzer positioned outside of the pair of electrode substrates, respectively, wherein the twist angle .phi. is set to be in the range of 180.degree. to 300.degree. and the product of the refractivity anisotropy .DELTA.

Abstract: The twisted nematic liquid crystal display device of this invention relates to a liquid crystal cell having a twisted spiral structure by disposing a pair of substrates opposedly to each other with the rubbed orientation films formed on the electrodes, placing a nematic liquid crystal having a positive dielectric anisotrophy containing an optically active substance between this pair of substrates, and shifting the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules by a specified angle of .phi. on both substrates, in which the angle .phi. is set in a range of 210.degree..ltoreq..phi..ltoreq.300.degree., and the ratio d/p of the spiral pitch p of the liquid crystal molecules to layer thickness d of the liquid crystal cell is set in a range of (.phi./360-1/4)<d/p<.phi./360.